目的：为了解糖尿病患者的疾病负担及促进合理用药提供参考。方法：采用面对面的开放式问卷，对四川省人民医院部分糖尿病患者进行意愿支付调查，采集糖尿病患者个人基本信息、健康状况、疾病经济承担能力和意愿支付等方面的数据，经整...目的：为了解糖尿病患者的疾病负担及促进合理用药提供参考。方法：采用面对面的开放式问卷，对四川省人民医院部分糖尿病患者进行意愿支付调查，采集糖尿病患者个人基本信息、健康状况、疾病经济承担能力和意愿支付等方面的数据，经整理后通过Excel（2013版）软件采用双人双录的方法编录成表，再借助SPSS 17.0软件运用逐步回归的多重线性回归方法进行统计学分析，探讨意愿支付值（WTP值）的影响因素。结果：共发放问卷120份，回收有效问卷106份，有效回收率为88.3％。受访者的平均年龄为（59.9±13.9）岁，平均体质量指数（BMI）为（24.5±0.5）kg/m2，以往每月糖尿病费用≤300元的占比最高，其次是＞300～500元和＞500～1000元；对空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2 h PG）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）的知晓率依次为95.3％、86.8％和68.9％；患两种以上合并症的占29.5％。受访者对3个血糖控制指标HbA1c、FPG、2 h PG完全恢复正常的WTP值均值分别为1604.1、1617.9、1683.7元/月，中位数皆为1000元/月，对3种指标恢复10％时的WTP值均值分别为867.4、908.5、877.9元/月，中位数分别为500、575、510元/月。多重线性回归模型分析中对WTP值影响为正且有统计学意义的影响因素为每年家庭总收入、合并症、住院经历、家族糖尿病史、糖尿病心理状态和以往每月糖尿病费用；对WTP值影响为负且有统计学意义的因素为年龄、FPG值和文化程度。结论：完全恢复状态的模型中，有糖尿病足、外周神经病变、高血脂等合并症的患者会有更高的WTP值。这反映合并症对糖尿病患者的疾病经济负担和精神负担较重。10％恢复状态的模型更接近实际的治疗状态，更能反映实际中对患者WTP值的影响因素，相关模型中有家族糖尿病史、心态较抑郁、以往每月糖尿病费用更高、有住院经历的患者WTP值更高。展开更多
[Objective] This study was to analyze the personal Willingness to Pay （WI-P） on the non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland and the influential factors. [Method] Questionnaire was designed according to the Contingent ...[Objective] This study was to analyze the personal Willingness to Pay （WI-P） on the non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland and the influential factors. [Method] Questionnaire was designed according to the Contingent Valuation Method （CVM） to investigate people of different occupations at different ages, based on which the evaluation on non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland was carried out. And the relationship between WTP and social characteristics were analyzed by using non- parametric estimation. [Result] The average WTP on Dianchi lake wetland is 150.03- 217.66 yuan per person every year, and the total WTP is 626-909 million yuan ev- ery year. Age, education and residence of the respondents have remarkable influ- ence on the VVTP. The influence of education level and residence on option value is significant; bequest value is significantly correlated with age; while there is no significant relationship between existence value and social characteristics. [Conclusion] The evaluation on the non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland is important for the scientific development and utilization of wetland resources.展开更多
Estimating the value of water resources not only forms the basis of water rights transactions between upstream and downstream and eco-compensation standards, but also provides scientific data for the reasonable establ...Estimating the value of water resources not only forms the basis of water rights transactions between upstream and downstream and eco-compensation standards, but also provides scientific data for the reasonable establishment of local water prices and promotes sustainable use and efficient management. Here, we estimate the economic value of the water resources of the upper reaches of the Xin’an River basin. Our purpose is to establish theoretical support for eco-compensation standardization and provide data for the protection of water resources and water price reform.展开更多
While the true value of environmental goods may be captured in a one-off payment, it may be easier to add a smaler amount to a private good by means of donation and colect the total environmental value over time. For ...While the true value of environmental goods may be captured in a one-off payment, it may be easier to add a smaler amount to a private good by means of donation and colect the total environmental value over time. For that, however we need to ensure the smaller amount of a heritage conservation donation added to a private good is adequate so that we can ifnd retailers to participate in such fund-raising activities. We test the contingent valuation method’s criterion validity by comparing their stated purchasing behavior with their actual behavior. The price increase from the addition of the donation did not affect total sales of the commodity. Adding a donation to specialized private goods may be an effective way to colect landscape and agricultural heritage conservation do-nations. Furthermore, our ifndings suggest that funds can be colected without affecting commodity sales. This ap-proach is effective in other environmental protection activities.展开更多
文摘目的：为了解糖尿病患者的疾病负担及促进合理用药提供参考。方法：采用面对面的开放式问卷，对四川省人民医院部分糖尿病患者进行意愿支付调查，采集糖尿病患者个人基本信息、健康状况、疾病经济承担能力和意愿支付等方面的数据，经整理后通过Excel（2013版）软件采用双人双录的方法编录成表，再借助SPSS 17.0软件运用逐步回归的多重线性回归方法进行统计学分析，探讨意愿支付值（WTP值）的影响因素。结果：共发放问卷120份，回收有效问卷106份，有效回收率为88.3％。受访者的平均年龄为（59.9±13.9）岁，平均体质量指数（BMI）为（24.5±0.5）kg/m2，以往每月糖尿病费用≤300元的占比最高，其次是＞300～500元和＞500～1000元；对空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2 h PG）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）的知晓率依次为95.3％、86.8％和68.9％；患两种以上合并症的占29.5％。受访者对3个血糖控制指标HbA1c、FPG、2 h PG完全恢复正常的WTP值均值分别为1604.1、1617.9、1683.7元/月，中位数皆为1000元/月，对3种指标恢复10％时的WTP值均值分别为867.4、908.5、877.9元/月，中位数分别为500、575、510元/月。多重线性回归模型分析中对WTP值影响为正且有统计学意义的影响因素为每年家庭总收入、合并症、住院经历、家族糖尿病史、糖尿病心理状态和以往每月糖尿病费用；对WTP值影响为负且有统计学意义的因素为年龄、FPG值和文化程度。结论：完全恢复状态的模型中，有糖尿病足、外周神经病变、高血脂等合并症的患者会有更高的WTP值。这反映合并症对糖尿病患者的疾病经济负担和精神负担较重。10％恢复状态的模型更接近实际的治疗状态，更能反映实际中对患者WTP值的影响因素，相关模型中有家族糖尿病史、心态较抑郁、以往每月糖尿病费用更高、有住院经历的患者WTP值更高。
基金Supported by the "Research on Benefit Evaluation and Management Plan of Dianchi Lake Wetland" Project of Jiuhu Office,Yunnan Province,Chinathe Technology R&D Program for Social Development of Yunnan Province (2008ZC064M),China~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to analyze the personal Willingness to Pay （WI-P） on the non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland and the influential factors. [Method] Questionnaire was designed according to the Contingent Valuation Method （CVM） to investigate people of different occupations at different ages, based on which the evaluation on non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland was carried out. And the relationship between WTP and social characteristics were analyzed by using non- parametric estimation. [Result] The average WTP on Dianchi lake wetland is 150.03- 217.66 yuan per person every year, and the total WTP is 626-909 million yuan ev- ery year. Age, education and residence of the respondents have remarkable influ- ence on the VVTP. The influence of education level and residence on option value is significant; bequest value is significantly correlated with age; while there is no significant relationship between existence value and social characteristics. [Conclusion] The evaluation on the non-use value of Dianchi lake wetland is important for the scientific development and utilization of wetland resources.
基金the financial of the support of Graduate School of Zhejiang Normal University(201112919)
文摘Estimating the value of water resources not only forms the basis of water rights transactions between upstream and downstream and eco-compensation standards, but also provides scientific data for the reasonable establishment of local water prices and promotes sustainable use and efficient management. Here, we estimate the economic value of the water resources of the upper reaches of the Xin’an River basin. Our purpose is to establish theoretical support for eco-compensation standardization and provide data for the protection of water resources and water price reform.
基金the Association of River Improvement Fund and the JSPS grant B, for young researchers 2010-2013, both of whom provided financial support for this work
文摘While the true value of environmental goods may be captured in a one-off payment, it may be easier to add a smaler amount to a private good by means of donation and colect the total environmental value over time. For that, however we need to ensure the smaller amount of a heritage conservation donation added to a private good is adequate so that we can ifnd retailers to participate in such fund-raising activities. We test the contingent valuation method’s criterion validity by comparing their stated purchasing behavior with their actual behavior. The price increase from the addition of the donation did not affect total sales of the commodity. Adding a donation to specialized private goods may be an effective way to colect landscape and agricultural heritage conservation do-nations. Furthermore, our ifndings suggest that funds can be colected without affecting commodity sales. This ap-proach is effective in other environmental protection activities.
