感交与绝交——从《诗经·小雅·谷风》到《广绝交论》

文章从表现主题和写作体裁两个方面,考察从先秦至梁代的感交和绝交题材作品,辨析这些作品在思想内容上的差别,并指出这些作品的共同之处。文章重点分析了这一题材的代表性作品《广绝交论》,指出该文在感交和绝交题材作品中的重要地位。文章最后简要剖析了用诗、论和书这三种体裁来表现感交和绝交主题在写作体式上的特点。

Research on Multi-modal In-Vehicle Intelligent Personal Assistant Design

Intelligent personal assistants play a pivotal role in in-vehicle systems,significantly enhancing life efficiency,driving safety,and decision-making support.In this study,the multi-modal design elements of intelligent personal assistants within the context of visual,auditory,and somatosensory interactions with drivers were discussed.Their impact on the driver’s psychological state through various modes such as visual imagery,voice interaction,and gesture interaction were explored.The study also introduced innovative designs for in-vehicle intelligent personal assistants,incorporating design principles such as driver-centricity,prioritizing passenger safety,and utilizing timely feedback as a criterion.Additionally,the study employed design methods like driver behavior research and driving situation analysis to enhance the emotional connection between drivers and their vehicles,ultimately improving driver satisfaction and trust.

Proactive traffic responsive control based on state-space neural network and extended Kalman filter

The state-space neural network and extended Kalman filter model is used to directly predict the optimal timing plan that corresponds to futuristic traffic conditions in real time with the purposes of avoiding the lagging of the signal timing plans to traffic conditions. Utilizing the traffic conditions in current and former intervals, the network topology of the state-space neural network （SSNN）, which is derived from the geometry of urban arterial routes, is used to predict the optimal timing plan corresponding to the traffic conditions in the next time interval. In order to improve the effectiveness of the SSNN, the extended Kalman filter （EKF） is proposed to train the SSNN instead of conventional approaches. Raw traffic data of the Guangzhou Road, Nanjing and the optimal signal timing plan generated by a multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm are applied to test the performance of the proposed model. The results indicate that compared with the SSNN and the BP neural network, the proposed model can closely match the optimal timing plans in futuristic states with higher efficiency.

Effects of spinal cord stimulation on cerebrovascular flow: role of sym-pathetic and parasympathetic innervations

Objective Cervical spinal cord stimulation （SCS） has been found to augment cerebral blood flow （CBF） in a number of animal models. However, the effective use of SCS is hampered by a lack of understanding of its mechanism（s） of action. In this paper, we focus on the sympathetic and parasympathetic effects of SCS on CBF. Method SpragueDawley rats were selected for the experimental series. The animals were divided into 5 groups to underwent SCS and laser Doppler flowmeter （LDF） recordings. Control group, the animal underwent SCS and LDF recordings without any surgery of the nerve fibers and ganglia. V 1 group, the animal underwent bilateral resection of the nasociliary and post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibbers. SCG group, the animal underwent bilateral resection of supper cervical ganglion. V 1 ＋ SCG group, the animal underwent both surgeries as V1- and SCG-group animals did. Sham group, the animal underwent the carotid manipulation with blunt-tipped forceps as well as the dissection of nasociliary and post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers around the ethmoidal foramen, but without cutting any nerves. Results During the SCS, the LDF was no statistical difference between the V 1 or SCG group and the control group. Yet, the effects of SCS on CBF are completely abolished in V1＋ SCG group. Conclusions Surgical interruption of both the parasympathetic and sympathetic pathways has the contradict effect on SCS-induced CBF augmentation.

The Application of Bentazon Susceptible Gene on Seed Production of Hybrid Rice

The seed production of male and female parent of ‘Hunzhi 1＇ contained bentazon susceptible gene was studied. The result showed that spraying 3. 375 L/hm2 48% bentazon aqua could control the self-pollinated fertilization rate below 1.0% and survival plant rate was 0. The spray of bentazon would not influence MC526 pollen vitality. Seed setting rate of female parent was not obvious different from that of control group with spraying bentazon aqua more than 3. 375 L/hm^2 from the sprouting appearing period to full heading stage. This demonstrated that bentazon aqua had no influence on seed setting rate during florescence of female parent. The weight ratio between male parent seeds and female parent seeds was 1 to 5, then seeds from parents with that weight ratio would be mixedly planted for seed production. With this weight ratio, relative proper structure of panicle and grain would be obtained ,panicle ratio was 1 to 4.3, glumous flowers ratio was 1 to 3.5. Cross seed-setting rate of female parent was 72.6% and seed production per hm^2 was 66 000 kg.

Digital broadcast channel estimation with compressive sensing

In order to reduce the pilot number and improve spectral efficiency, recently emerged compressive sensing （CS） is applied to the digital broadcast channel estimation. According to the six channel profiles of the European Telecommunication Standards Institute（ETSI） digital radio mondiale （DRM） standard, the subspace pursuit （SP） algorithm is employed for delay spread and attenuation estimation of each path in the case where the channel profile is identified and the multipath number is known. The stop condition for SP is that the sparsity of the estimation equals the multipath number. For the case where the multipath number is unknown, the orthogonal matching pursuit （OMP） algorithm is employed for channel estimation, while the stop condition is that the estimation achieves the noise variance. Simulation results show that with the same number of pilots, CS algorithms outperform the traditional cubic-spline-interpolation-based least squares （LS） channel estimation. SP is also demonstrated to be better than OMP when the multipath number is known as a priori.

A novel speech emotion recognition algorithm based on combination of emotion data field and ant colony search strategy

In order to effectively conduct emotion recognition from spontaneous, non-prototypical and unsegmented speech so as to create a more natural human-machine interaction; a novel speech emotion recognition algorithm based on the combination of the emotional data field （EDF） and the ant colony search （ACS） strategy, called the EDF-ACS algorithm, is proposed. More specifically, the inter- relationship among the turn-based acoustic feature vectors of different labels are established by using the potential function in the EDF. To perform the spontaneous speech emotion recognition, the artificial colony is used to mimic the turn- based acoustic feature vectors. Then, the canonical ACS strategy is used to investigate the movement direction of each artificial ant in the EDF, which is regarded as the emotional label of the corresponding turn-based acoustic feature vector. The proposed EDF-ACS algorithm is evaluated on the continueous audio）＇visual emotion challenge （AVEC） 2012 dataset, which contains the spontaneous, non-prototypical and unsegmented speech emotion data. The experimental results show that the proposed EDF-ACS algorithm outperforms the existing state-of-the-art algorithm in turn-based speech emotion recognition.

Research on 1-3 Orthogonal Anisotropic Piezoelectric Composite Material Sensors-

Piezoelectric composite material (PCM) is an important branch of modernsensor and actuator materials with wide applications in smart structures. In this paper, based onpiezoelectric ceramic, composite and experimental mechanics theories, a kind of 1-3 orthogonalanisotropic PCM (OAPCM) sensor is developed, and the sensing principle is analyzed to describesensor behaviors. In order to determine strain and stress on isotropic or orthogonal anisotropiccomponent surface, the relationships between strain and stress are established. The experimentalresearch on 1-3 OAPCM sensor is carried out in uniaxial and biaxial stress states. The results showthat 1-3 OAPCM sensors offer orthotropic properties of piezoelectricity, and sensing equations canbe used for strain or stress measurement with good accuracy.

Study on the Agroclimatic Division of Thermosensitive Genetic Male Sterility Rice Breeding

Using the meteorological data and geographical information during January-March（1961-2010） accumulated by 18 stations of Hainan,a suitability zoning map for thermo-sensitive genetic male sterility（TGMS） rice was made by GIS technology based on temperature indicators required by TGMS rice during fertility sensitive period and heading-flowering period,aiming to provide reasonable layout and scientific basis for sustainable development of TGMS rice in Hainan Island under the background of global warming.The results indicated that the suitable planting zones covered the south regions of Wuzhishan,Jianfengling and Diaoluoshan;subordinate suitable zones expanded northward to central parts of Wuzhishan,Dongfang,Changjiang,Qiongzhong and southern parts of Wanning;the other regions were unsuitable for breeding.

Effect of High Temperature on Outcrossing Characteristics at the Fertility Sensitive Period of Photo-thermo Sensitive Genic Male Sterile (PTGMS) Rice Lines

Four sterile lines （Peiai64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S） and the restoring line R527 were used as materials. Five temperature gradients （24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in artificial climate chamber） and the natural temperature （as control） were treated to the four sterile lines for 6 d in the fertility sensitive period of heading to flowering stage, respectively, to study the effects of temperature on physiological biochemical characteristics of young panicles and outcrossing characteristics. The results showed that the percentages of exerted stigma of Peiai 64S and Y58S were the highest at 27 ℃, which were 86.81% and 86.06%, respectively, while the percentages of exerted stigma of Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 76.24% and 81.76%, respectively; the stigma viability of Peiai 64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the best at 24 ℃, which were 1.96, 2.12, 1.74 and 1.94, respectively; the outcrossing rates of Peiai 64S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 58.87%, 54.22% and 50.50%, respectively, while the outcrossing rate of Y58S was the highest at 27 ℃, which was 58.96%; and the contents of peroxidase （POD） of the four sterile lines increased significantly at 33 ℃ compared with the control, while the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） and proline increased significantly at 36 ℃ compared with the control. There were differences in temperature sensitivity between the male sterile lines, and the 24 ℃ treatment during the sensitive period was the best for the fertility sensitive period of Peiai 64S, while 27 ℃ was the best temperature for Y58S, Gangzhan 63-2S and H638S.

Optimization of the Formula of Maca Lozenges by Orthogonal Test

The orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize the formula of maca lozenge and explore the preparation techniques and product property of maca lozenges. With the sensory evaluation of maca lozenge as the indicator, L16 （44） orthogonal design graph was used to select the optimal techniques, and to investigate the stability, heavy metals and microorganisms contents in the tablets. The optimal formula was 80% of maca power, 12% of Rhodiola rosea powder, and 6% of Angelica sinensis powder, where the comprehensive sensory index reached 246. Moreover, under the optimal conditions, various kinds of heavy metals contents were in consistent with the GB164740 standards, and there was no significant change in color, size, friability, and disintegration time, as well as microorganism content during the 12-month preservation. With simple, easy and reliable technique and quality control method, the process study had obtained the national patent process （patent number： ZL200810233796.X）, and the contents of heavy metals and micr6organisms laid foundation for the quality standard.

Norepinephrine transporter (NET) is expressed in cardiac sympathetic ganglia of adult rat

The sympathetic nervous system plays a cardinal role in regulating cardiac function through releasing the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE). In comparison with central nervous system, the molecular mechanism of NE uptake in myocardium is not clear. In present study, we proved that in rat the CNS type of NE transporter (NET) was also expressed in middle cervical-stellate ganglion complex (MC-SG complex) which is considered to control the activity of heart, but not expressed in myocardium. The results also showed that NET expression level in right ganglion was significantly higher than in the left, rendering the greater capacity of NE uptake in right ventricle, a fact which may contribute to the maintenance of right ventricular function under pathologic state.

A Trial Study of Propranolol and Zhigancao Decoction on the Central Depressant and Anti-osteoporosic Action in Ovariectomized Rats

Objective： This study was originally designed to observe the effects of propranolol （a β-blocker） and Zhigancao Decoction （炙甘草汤 ZGCD） on bone mass in ovariectomized rats. Methods： Thirty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups initially, a sham-operated group （Sham, n=7）, a model ovariectomized （OVX） group （Model, n=7）, a propranolol group （Pro, n=12） and a ZGCD group （ZGCD, n=12）. After 15 weeks of treatment, the expected effects were not found. In order to verify the situations of the experiment, we modified the study by administering calcitonin to a subgroup of the tested Pro and ZGCD rats. Results： The Pro and ZGCD treatments showed decreased heart rate and plasma norepinephrine level, but neither an increased bone mass nor any bone metabolism differences from the model rats were found. However, the OVX-induced bone loss was prevented by the sequent treatment of calcitonin. Conclusions： The results provide no evidence that the β-blocker propranolol may stimulate bone formation, and do not iustify its use for clinical treatment of osteoporosis.

HBVPathDB: A database of HBV infection-related molecular interaction network

AIM: To describe molecules or genes interaction between hepatitis B viruses (HBV) and host, for understanding how virus' and host's genes and molecules are networked to form a biological system and for perceiving mechanism of HBV infection.METHODS: The knowledge of HBV infection-related reactions was organized into various kinds of pathways with carefully drawn graphs in HBVPathDB. Pathway information is stored with relational database management system (DBMS), which is currently the most efficient way to manage large amounts of data and query is implemented with powerful Structured Query Language (SQL). The search engine is written using Personal Home Page (PHP) with SQL embedded and web retrieval interface is developed for searching with Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).RESULTS: We present the first version of HBVPathDB,which is a HBV infection-related molecular interaction network database composed of 306 pathways with 1050molecules involved. With carefully drawn graphs, pathway information stored in HBVPathDB can be browsed in an intuitive way. We develop an easy-to-use interface for flexible accesses to the details of database. Convenient software is implemented to query and browse the pathway information of HBVPathDB. Four search page layout options-category search, gene search, description search,unitized search-are supported by the search engine ofthe database. The database is freely available at http://www.bio-inf, net/HBVPathDB/HBV/.CONCLUSION: The conventional perspective HBVPathDB have already contained a considerable amount of pathway information with HBV infection related, which is suitable for in-depth analysis of molecular interaction network of virus and host. HBVPathDB integrates pathway data-sets with convenient software for query, browsing,visualization, that provides users more opportunity to identify regulatory key molecules as potential drug targets and to explore the possible mechanism of HBV infection based on gene expression datasets.

Experimental Study on the Distribution of Velocity and Pressure near a Submarine Pipeline

As a transport means of oil and gas the submarine pipeline has many merits, such as continuous delivery, large conveying capacity, convenient management, etc. A tube was chosen in our study to simulate the submarine pipeline in the experiments. A high accuracy instrument ADV and high precision point-type pressure sensors were used to measure the parameters of the flow field, including the pressure distribution, velocities at seven cross sections near the submarine pipeline with five different clearance ratios, and twelve dynamic pressure values around the pipeline. The pressure distributions and velocity changes around the pipe under dif- ferent flow velocities and clearance ratios were analyzed. These results might be useful for further study of submarine pipeline ero- sion and protection.

Psychosocial stress and liver disease status

"Psychosocial stress" is an increasingly common concept in the challenging and highly-demanding modern society of today. Organic response to stress implicates two major components of the stress system, namely the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. Stress is anamnestically reported by patients during the course of disease, usually accompanied by a decline in their overall health status. As the mechanisms involving glucocorticoids and catecholamines have been deciphered, and their actions on immune cell function deeper understood, it has become clear that stress has an impact on hepatic inflam-matory response. An increasing number of articles have approached the link between psychosocial stress and the negative evolution of hepatic diseases. This article reviews a number of studies on both human populations and animal models performed in recent years, all linking stress, mainly of psychosocial nature, and the evolution of three important liver-related pathological entities: viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

A retrograde apoptotic signal originating in NGF-deprived distal axons of rat sympathetic neurons in compartmented cultures

Previous investigations of retrograde survival signaling by nerve growth factor （NGF） and other neurotrophins have supported diverse mechanisms, but all proposed mechanisms have in common the generation of survival signals retrogradely transmitted to the neuronal cell bodies. We report the finding of a retrograde apoptotic signal in axons that is suppressed by local NGF signaling. NGF withdrawal from distal axons alone was sufficient to activate the pro-apoptotic transcription factor, c-jun, in the cell bodies. Providing NGF directly to cell bodies, thereby restoring a source of NGF-induced survival signals, could not prevent c-jun activation caused by NGF withdrawal from the distal axons. This is evidence that c-jun is not activated due to loss of survival signals at the cell bodies. Moreover, blocking axonal transport with colchicine inhibited c-jun activation caused by NGF deprivation suggesting that a retrogradely transported pro-apoptotic signal, rather than loss of a retrogradely transported survival signal, caused c-jun activation. Additional experiments showed that activation of c-jun, pro-caspase-3 cleavage, and apoptosis were blocked by the protein kinase C inhibitors, rottlerin and chelerythrine, only when applied to distal axons suggesting that they block the axon-specific pro-apoptotic signal. The rottlerin-sensitive mechanism was found to regulate glyco- gen synthase kinase 3 （GSK3） activity. The effect of siRNA knockdown, and pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 suggests that GSK3 is required for apoptosis caused by NGF deprivation and may function as a retrograde carrier of the axon apoptotic signal. The existence of a retrograde death signaling system in axons that is suppressed by neurotro- phins has broad implications for neurodevelopment and for discovering treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and neurotrauma.

Dynamic Radiographic Analysis of Sympathetic Cervical Spondylosis Instability

Objective To investigate the correlation between subaxial cervical spine instability and cervical spondylotic sympathetic symptoms as well as the difference of cervical spondylotic subaxial instability between male and female patients. Methods We analyzed retrospectively 318 surgical cases of cervical spondylosis treated at Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between July 2003 and December 2007. All cases were divided into group A without sympathetic symptoms (n=284) and group B with sympathetic symptoms (n=34). Angular and horizontal translation values between two adjacent vertebral bodies from C2 to C7 were measured separately on hyperflexion and hyperextension lateral cervical spine radiographs. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the correlation between subaxial cervical instability and sympathetic symptoms. Intragroup correlation between patient gender and subaxial cervical instability was also evaluated. Results Subaxial instability incidences in groups A and B were 21.8% (62/284) and 55.9% (19/34), respectively. Statistical analysis indicated a definite correlation between subaxial cervical instability and sympathetic symptoms (P=0.000). Among patients without sympathetic symptoms, subaxial instability incidences were 21.4% (37/173) in males and 22.5% (25/111) in females, respectively (P=0.883). While among patients with sympathetic symptoms, subaxial instability incidences were 27.3% (3/11) in males and 69.6% (16/23) in females, respectively, indicating significant difference (P=0.030). Subaxial instability was most commonly seen at C4-C5 intervertebral space in sympathetic cervical spondylosis patients. Conclusions High correlation exists between subaxial cervical spine instability and cervical spondylotic sympathetic symptoms, especially in female patients. Hyperextension and hyperflexion radiographs of cervical spine are important to assess sympathetic cervical spondylotic subaxial instability.

ACP-based social computing and parallel intelligence： Societies 5.0 and beyond

Social computing, as the technical foundation of future computational smart societies, has the potential to improve the effectiveness of opensource big data usage, systematically integrate a variety of elements including time, human, resources, scenarios, and organizations in the current cyber-physical-social world, and establish a novel social structure with fair information, equal rights, and a flat configuration. Meanwhile, considering the big modeling gap between the model world and the physical world, the concept of parallel intelligence is introduced. With the help of software-defined everything, parallel intelligence bridges the big modeling gap by means of constructing artificial systems where computational experiments can be implemented to verify social policies, economic strategies, and even military operations. Artificial systems play the role of ＂social laboratories＂ in which decisions are computed before they are executed in our physical society. Afterwards, decisions with the expected outputs are executed in parallel in both the artificial and physical systems to interactively sense, compute, evaluate and adjust system behaviors in real-time, leading system behaviors in the physical system converging to those proven to be optimal in the artificial ones. Thus, the smart guidance and management for our society can be achieved.

Orthogonality of inductosyn angle-measuring system error and error-separating technology

Round inductosyn is widely used in inertial navigation test equipment, and its accuracy has significant effect on the general accuracy of the equipment. Four main errors of round inductosyn,i.e. the first-order long-period (360°) harmonic error, the second-order long-period harmonic error, the first-order short-period harmonic error and the second-order short-period harmonic error, are described, and the orthogonality of these four kinds of errors is studied. An error separating technology is proposed to separate these four kinds of errors, and in the process of separating the short-period harmonic errors, the arrangement in the order of decimal part of the angle pitch number can be omitted. The effectiveness of the technology proposed is proved through measuring and adjusting the angular errors.