Bron et al presented a retrospective study regarding the prophylactic use of antibiotics for variceal hemorrhage. Antibiotics appeared to improve the survival rate of patients without increasing clostridium difficile ...Bron et al presented a retrospective study regarding the prophylactic use of antibiotics for variceal hemorrhage. Antibiotics appeared to improve the survival rate of patients without increasing clostridium difficile infection (CDI). We argue against the conclusion of the authors and consider that this result may be simply due to concurrent use of metronidazole, a therapeutic agent against CDI.展开更多
Mathematical models are increasingly being used in the evaluation of control strategies for infectious disease such as the vaccination program for the Human PapiUomavirus （HPV）. Here, an ordinary differential equati...Mathematical models are increasingly being used in the evaluation of control strategies for infectious disease such as the vaccination program for the Human PapiUomavirus （HPV）. Here, an ordinary differential equation （ODE） transmission dynamic model for HPV is presented and analyzed. Parameter values for a gender and risk structured model are estimated by calibrating the model around the known prevalence of infection. The effect on gender and risk sub-group prevalence induced by varying the epidemiological parameters are investigated. Finally, the outcomes of this model are applied using a classical mathematical method for calculating R0 in a heterogeneous mixing population. Estimates for R0 under various gender and mixing scenarios are presented.展开更多
文摘Bron et al presented a retrospective study regarding the prophylactic use of antibiotics for variceal hemorrhage. Antibiotics appeared to improve the survival rate of patients without increasing clostridium difficile infection (CDI). We argue against the conclusion of the authors and consider that this result may be simply due to concurrent use of metronidazole, a therapeutic agent against CDI.
文摘Mathematical models are increasingly being used in the evaluation of control strategies for infectious disease such as the vaccination program for the Human PapiUomavirus （HPV）. Here, an ordinary differential equation （ODE） transmission dynamic model for HPV is presented and analyzed. Parameter values for a gender and risk structured model are estimated by calibrating the model around the known prevalence of infection. The effect on gender and risk sub-group prevalence induced by varying the epidemiological parameters are investigated. Finally, the outcomes of this model are applied using a classical mathematical method for calculating R0 in a heterogeneous mixing population. Estimates for R0 under various gender and mixing scenarios are presented.
