Background: The reported incidence of pacing system-related infections(PSIs) varies widely, and the roles of leads and blood cultures remain poorly defined. Methods: Leads and blood cultures were obtained prospectivel...Background: The reported incidence of pacing system-related infections(PSIs) varies widely, and the roles of leads and blood cultures remain poorly defined. Methods: Leads and blood cultures were obtained prospectively in 224 patients with suspected PSIs, and the results of cultures of blood and extravascular and intravascular lead fragments were compared. Results: In 12.3%of the patients, no microorganism was found on the leads. Lead cultures with ≥1 microorganism cultured on the extravascular and intravascular fragments of the leads were found in 88.5%of the positive lead cultures. Infection was caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and coagulase-negative staphylococci in 66.0%and 29.5%, respectively. Only 33 patients had positive blood cultures according to the Duke criteria with the same microorganism found by lead cultures in 30 cases. Infection was caused bymultiple organisms in 39(25%) patients. Conclusion:(1)Regardless of the clinical presentation, the extravascular and intravascular body of the lead is infected, even when the infection is local. More than one microorganism may be implicated.(2) Bacteriologic analyses must be performed on several segments of each implanted lead.(3) More than 2 positive blood cultures are a reliable clinical criterion for the diagnosis of pacemaker lead-related infection, but blood cultures alone are an insensitive method to identify the cause of infection.(4) Up to 50%of microorganisms isolated in a single blood culture are also recovered in lead cultures.展开更多
目的了解温州市老年人艾滋病(AIDS)高发地区新发现老年艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/AIDS病例(简称HIV/AIDS病例)行为特征和感染来源,为制定针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法招募2017年1月至2018年9月温州市老年人艾滋病疫情高发地区新报告的...目的了解温州市老年人艾滋病(AIDS)高发地区新发现老年艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/AIDS病例(简称HIV/AIDS病例)行为特征和感染来源,为制定针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法招募2017年1月至2018年9月温州市老年人艾滋病疫情高发地区新报告的≥60岁的HIV/AIDS病例,采用个案调查问卷面对面收集研究对象的人口学、行为学、性伴特征、感染途径和感染来源等信息。采用Epi Data 3.1和SPSS 20.0进行数据整理和统计分析。结果共调查126例≥60岁的HIV/AIDS病例,男性占76.19%,60~69岁占66.67%,已婚有配偶占77.78%,文盲占42.06%,本市户籍占98.41%,30.95%独居。男性商业异性性行为感染占93.75%,女性异性配偶/固定性伴感染的占68.18%。男性发生异性商业性行为比例明显高于女性(χ^2=87.976,P<0.001)。有85.56%男性通过自己主动寻找商业性伴,交易价格<100元/次占76.66%。女性发生异性非商业临时性行为比例明显高于男性(P<0.001)。有64.29%病例确证前1年与配偶发生性行为,安全套坚持使用率为1.59%。配偶阳性比例为42.22%,女性配偶阳性比例明显高于男性(χ^2=15.043,P<0.001)。确诊前均未主动做过HIV抗体检测,95.24%病例不知晓艾滋病预防措施。感染时间在3年以内占29.03%,女性感染时间在3年以内的比例高于男性(χ^2=3.928,P=0.047);本地感染占87.70%。结论温州市老年人艾滋病疫情高发地区≥60岁病例艾滋病知识知晓水平低,主动检测意识弱,以本地感染为主,需采取针对性防控措施控制艾滋病在该人群中蔓延。展开更多
目的分析2017—2019年浙江省温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS感染来源和特征,为艾滋病综合防治措施的调整提供依据。方法以2017—2019年温州市鹿城区和永嘉县新发现的经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS为研究对象,调查收集其人口学、性行为、流动情...目的分析2017—2019年浙江省温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS感染来源和特征,为艾滋病综合防治措施的调整提供依据。方法以2017—2019年温州市鹿城区和永嘉县新发现的经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS为研究对象,调查收集其人口学、性行为、流动情况等信息,并采血检测首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数,运用Epi Data 3.1和SAS大学版软件进行数据整理和统计分析。结果 342名调查对象以男性、25~59岁年龄段为主,未婚、初中及以下文化程度、外地迁入者居多。经感染来源判定,新感染比例为22.42%,本地感染比例为71.00%。15~24岁以下年龄组、未婚病例新感染比例高,分别为33.33%和31.54%;60岁及以上年龄组、教师/干部/退休等职业、大专及以上文化程度病例本地感染比例高,分别为94.74%、87.80%和81.43%;新感染病例曾发生非商业临时异性性行为、固定性伴同性性行为的比例分别为60.87%和39.53%,高于既往感染病例(χ^(2)=3.967,P=0.047;χ^(2)=4.314,P=0.038);本地感染病例曾发生非商业临时同性性行为比例为98.26%,高于外地感染病例(P=0.036)。结论 2017—2019年温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS以既往感染和本地感染为主,青年、老年及高知人群不容忽视,应加强对非商业临时性行为的干预。展开更多
文摘Background: The reported incidence of pacing system-related infections(PSIs) varies widely, and the roles of leads and blood cultures remain poorly defined. Methods: Leads and blood cultures were obtained prospectively in 224 patients with suspected PSIs, and the results of cultures of blood and extravascular and intravascular lead fragments were compared. Results: In 12.3%of the patients, no microorganism was found on the leads. Lead cultures with ≥1 microorganism cultured on the extravascular and intravascular fragments of the leads were found in 88.5%of the positive lead cultures. Infection was caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and coagulase-negative staphylococci in 66.0%and 29.5%, respectively. Only 33 patients had positive blood cultures according to the Duke criteria with the same microorganism found by lead cultures in 30 cases. Infection was caused bymultiple organisms in 39(25%) patients. Conclusion:(1)Regardless of the clinical presentation, the extravascular and intravascular body of the lead is infected, even when the infection is local. More than one microorganism may be implicated.(2) Bacteriologic analyses must be performed on several segments of each implanted lead.(3) More than 2 positive blood cultures are a reliable clinical criterion for the diagnosis of pacemaker lead-related infection, but blood cultures alone are an insensitive method to identify the cause of infection.(4) Up to 50%of microorganisms isolated in a single blood culture are also recovered in lead cultures.
文摘目的了解温州市老年人艾滋病(AIDS)高发地区新发现老年艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/AIDS病例(简称HIV/AIDS病例)行为特征和感染来源,为制定针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法招募2017年1月至2018年9月温州市老年人艾滋病疫情高发地区新报告的≥60岁的HIV/AIDS病例,采用个案调查问卷面对面收集研究对象的人口学、行为学、性伴特征、感染途径和感染来源等信息。采用Epi Data 3.1和SPSS 20.0进行数据整理和统计分析。结果共调查126例≥60岁的HIV/AIDS病例,男性占76.19%,60~69岁占66.67%,已婚有配偶占77.78%,文盲占42.06%,本市户籍占98.41%,30.95%独居。男性商业异性性行为感染占93.75%,女性异性配偶/固定性伴感染的占68.18%。男性发生异性商业性行为比例明显高于女性(χ^2=87.976,P<0.001)。有85.56%男性通过自己主动寻找商业性伴,交易价格<100元/次占76.66%。女性发生异性非商业临时性行为比例明显高于男性(P<0.001)。有64.29%病例确证前1年与配偶发生性行为,安全套坚持使用率为1.59%。配偶阳性比例为42.22%,女性配偶阳性比例明显高于男性(χ^2=15.043,P<0.001)。确诊前均未主动做过HIV抗体检测,95.24%病例不知晓艾滋病预防措施。感染时间在3年以内占29.03%,女性感染时间在3年以内的比例高于男性(χ^2=3.928,P=0.047);本地感染占87.70%。结论温州市老年人艾滋病疫情高发地区≥60岁病例艾滋病知识知晓水平低,主动检测意识弱,以本地感染为主,需采取针对性防控措施控制艾滋病在该人群中蔓延。
文摘目的分析2017—2019年浙江省温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS感染来源和特征,为艾滋病综合防治措施的调整提供依据。方法以2017—2019年温州市鹿城区和永嘉县新发现的经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS为研究对象,调查收集其人口学、性行为、流动情况等信息,并采血检测首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数,运用Epi Data 3.1和SAS大学版软件进行数据整理和统计分析。结果 342名调查对象以男性、25~59岁年龄段为主,未婚、初中及以下文化程度、外地迁入者居多。经感染来源判定,新感染比例为22.42%,本地感染比例为71.00%。15~24岁以下年龄组、未婚病例新感染比例高,分别为33.33%和31.54%;60岁及以上年龄组、教师/干部/退休等职业、大专及以上文化程度病例本地感染比例高,分别为94.74%、87.80%和81.43%;新感染病例曾发生非商业临时异性性行为、固定性伴同性性行为的比例分别为60.87%和39.53%,高于既往感染病例(χ^(2)=3.967,P=0.047;χ^(2)=4.314,P=0.038);本地感染病例曾发生非商业临时同性性行为比例为98.26%,高于外地感染病例(P=0.036)。结论 2017—2019年温州市经性传播感染的HIV/AIDS以既往感染和本地感染为主,青年、老年及高知人群不容忽视,应加强对非商业临时性行为的干预。
