超级杂交早稻陆两优996亲本感温特性研究

[目的]研究和探讨两系超级杂交早稻(Oryza sativa L.)陆两优996亲本陆18S和R996的生育期感温特性,尤其对双亲播种至始穗历期与积温的关系进行研究,有利于合理安排其父母本播差期和早期花期预测与调控。[方法]陆18S分5期(3月26日、4月14日、5月21日、6月7日、6月21日)播种,R996也分5期(3月26日、4月20日、5月27日、6月12日、6月29日)播种,分别记载父母本早季低温和晚季高温两播期播种至抽穗期的日期,观察生育动态,并对亲本生育期各阶段有效积温的稳定性以及有效积温与播始历期进行相关和回归分析。[结果]R996感温级别为Ⅵ级,属于中等感温类型;陆18S感温级别为Ⅶ级,属于强感温类型,双亲的感温特性略有差异。[结论]该研究可为解决陆18S与R996组合制种父母本花期不遇问题提供指导。

沥青混合料的压实及感温特性分析

以试验为基础,针对不同级配、沥青结合料以及温度等因素对沥青混合料压实特性的影响,分析其在不同情况下的体积指标和压实特性评价参数。通过研究沥青混合料Nini至Ndes的密实度曲线的斜率来作为混合料施工时的压实特性的评价标准,其斜率K1值越大,则说明混合料越容易压实;通过研究沥青混合料Ndes至Nmax的密实度曲线的斜率来评价开放交通后混合料的压实特性,其斜率K2值越小,说明混合料抗车辙能力越强。

玄武岩纤维及高黏改性剂对沥青性能影响研究

通过动态剪切流变试验、延度试验、针入度试验及旋转黏度试验分别研究了克拉玛依70号基质沥青、SBS改性沥青、高黏沥青和玄武岩纤维高黏沥青的技术特性,分析了玄武岩纤维及高黏改性剂对沥青性能的影响效果。研究得到,各沥青动态剪切模量随温度升高逐渐减少,中温范围(20℃~45℃)内,高黏沥青和玄武岩纤维高黏沥青动态剪切模量相近,温度升高后其黏度也逐渐降低,玄武岩纤维的加入使高黏沥青的动态剪切模量小于玄武岩纤维高黏沥青;基质沥青中加入rps后,抵抗变形能力增强,温度高于40℃后高黏沥青中掺入玄武岩纤维后变形能力低于高黏沥青;高黏沥青峰值力是SBS改性沥青的1.99倍,拉伸柔量减少了42%,rps改性后的沥青低温条件下抵抗荷载能力比变形能力明显,高黏沥青掺入玄武岩纤维后抗拉能力提高,低温变形能力不强;rps改性的沥青黏度明显增大,135℃的黏度是3.836 Pa·s,是70号基质沥青的5.6倍,高温敏感性大于70号基质沥青和SBS改性沥青,玄武岩纤维的加入使高黏沥青的增黏作用进一步加强。

Effect of High Temperature on Outcrossing Characteristics at the Fertility Sensitive Period of Photo-thermo Sensitive Genic Male Sterile (PTGMS) Rice Lines

Four sterile lines （Peiai64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S） and the restoring line R527 were used as materials. Five temperature gradients （24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in artificial climate chamber） and the natural temperature （as control） were treated to the four sterile lines for 6 d in the fertility sensitive period of heading to flowering stage, respectively, to study the effects of temperature on physiological biochemical characteristics of young panicles and outcrossing characteristics. The results showed that the percentages of exerted stigma of Peiai 64S and Y58S were the highest at 27 ℃, which were 86.81% and 86.06%, respectively, while the percentages of exerted stigma of Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 76.24% and 81.76%, respectively; the stigma viability of Peiai 64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the best at 24 ℃, which were 1.96, 2.12, 1.74 and 1.94, respectively; the outcrossing rates of Peiai 64S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 58.87%, 54.22% and 50.50%, respectively, while the outcrossing rate of Y58S was the highest at 27 ℃, which was 58.96%; and the contents of peroxidase （POD） of the four sterile lines increased significantly at 33 ℃ compared with the control, while the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） and proline increased significantly at 36 ℃ compared with the control. There were differences in temperature sensitivity between the male sterile lines, and the 24 ℃ treatment during the sensitive period was the best for the fertility sensitive period of Peiai 64S, while 27 ℃ was the best temperature for Y58S, Gangzhan 63-2S and H638S.

Rheological characterization of A201 aluminum alloy

The thermodynamic characterization as well as the rheological characterization of the A201 alloy were conducted.Thermodynamic simulations (CALPHAD method) and calorimetric experiments were performed to determine the solidus and liquidus temperatures, the melting range and the sensitivity of the solid fraction at the thixoforming temperatures.The rheology of aluminium alloy A201 was examined using a high temperature Searle rheometer.The flow behaviour was analyzed with concentric cylinders of graphite to avoid chemical interactions with the liquid or semi-solid aluminium.The rotational body was grooved to prevent a phenomenon called wall slippage.Continuous cooling experiment was used to observe the shear rate effects on the flow behaviour.It can be seen that the viscosity level decreases at higher shear rates.Shear rate jump experiment was carried out to evaluate the steady state flow curve within the analyzed shear rate range from 60 s-1 to 260 s-1.It is found that the power law indexes are-1.35 and-1.49 for 35% and 45% solid fraction, respectively.Finally, some mechanical property data of as-cast and as-thixoformed A201 alloy are included indicating the potential for high strength applications.

Temperature characteristics of near infrared SPR sen sors with Kretschmann configuration

The temperature characteristics of near infrared surface plasmon resonance （SPR） sensors with Kretschmann configuration are studied theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results match with the numerical simulations in the temperature range from 10 ℃ to 40.℃. With the increase of temperature, the resonance angle for gas increases slightly, but that for aqueous solution decreases obviously. No matter the dielectric layer is gas or aqueous solution, the resonance peaks are both broadened.

A skin-like stretchable colorimetric temperature sensor

Wearable and stretchable physical sensors that can conformally contact on the surface of organs or skin provide a new opportunity for human-activity monitoring and personal healthcare. Particularly, various attempts have been made in exploiting wearable and conformal sensors for ther- mal characterization of human skin. In this respect, skin- mounted thermochromic films show great capabilities in body temperature sensing. Thermochromic temperature sensors are attractive because of their easy signal analysis and optical recording, such as color transition and fluorescence emission change upon thermal stimuli. Here, desirable mechanical properties that match epidermis are obtained by physical crosslinking of polydiacetylene （PDA） and transparent elas- tomeric polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） networks. The result- ing PDA fdm displayed thermochromic and thermo- fluorescent transition temperature in the range of 25-85℃, with stretchability up to 300% and a skin-like Young＇s mod- ulus of -230 kPa. This easy signal-handling provides excellent references for further design of convenient noninvasive sen- sing systems.

Optimization of frequency characteristics for SAW device using apodization weighting method

In this paper,the positive influence of apodization weighting method on frequency characteristics of surface acoustic wave(SAW)temperature sensor is investigated.Simulation and experiment results show that side lobe suppression abilities of the sensor can be improved by using apodization weighting which is based on Chebyshev window.Meanwhile,we find that the side lobe of the sensor can be further restrained,when the dummy electrodes are removed.Frequency-temperature characteristics of the devices are independent of the inclusion of dummy electrodes.The apodization weighted SAW temperature sensor shows great application potential in occasions with strong electromagnetic interference.