High Sensitivity Submicron Scale Temperature Sensor Based on Perovskite Nanoplatelet Lasers

Submicron scale temperature sensors are crucial for a range of applications,particularly in micro and na-noscale environments.One promising solution involves the use of active whispering gallery mode(WGM)microresonators.These resonators can be remotely excited and read out using free-space structures,simplifying the process of sensing.In this study,we present a submicron-scale temperature sensor with a remarkable sensitivity up to 185 pm/℃based on a trian-gular MAPbI3 nanoplatelet(NPL)laser.Notably,as temperature changes,the peak wavelength of the laser line shifts lin-early.This unique characteristic allows for precise temperature sensing by tracking the peak wavelength of the NPL laser.The optical modes are confined within the perovskite NPL,which measures just 85 nm in height,due to total internal reflec-tion.Our NPL laser boasts several key features,including a high Q of~2610 and a low laser threshold of about 19.8μJ·cm^(−2).The combination of exceptional sensitivity and ultra-small size makes our WGM device an ideal candidate for integration into systems that demand compact temperature sensors.This advancement paves the way for significant prog-ress in the development of ultrasmall temperature sensors,opening new possibilities across various fields.

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Saccharides at MoOx/AuNPs Modified Electrode Towards Analytical Application

The MoOx/AuNPs composite film modified glassy carbon electrode was fabricated by electro-depositing simultaneously gold nanoparticles and molybdenum oxides using cyclic voltammetry. The morphology and topography of the MoOx/AuNPs composite were char-acterized by scan electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy respectively, and the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose at the MoOx/AuNPs composite film was inves-tigated and analyzed in detail. It was shown that the MoOx/AuNPs composite was of strong electrocatalytic activity towards oxidation of glucose as well as other saccharides, so that an attempt was made for direct voltammetric determination of glucose. Then the positive scan polarization reverse catalytic voltammetry was proposed for the first time. Based on this method, the pure oxidation current was extracted by subtraction of the blank current in the reverse scan. The current sensitivity was enhanced tremendously and the signal to noise ra-tio was improved adequately. The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose at the MoOx/AuNPs modified electrode was performed in alkaline medium, a wide linear range from 0.01 mmol/L to 4.0 mmol/L of glucose, a higher current sensitivity of 2.35 mA/（mmol/L·cm2）, and a lower limit of detection of 9.01 μmol/L （at signal/noise=3） were achieved. In addition, the electrocatalytic oxidation of other saccharides such as lactose, fructose and sucrose was also evaluated.

Crosstalk Estimation and Optimization in Deep Sub-Micron VLSI

RLC model is used to estimate the coupling noise between interconnect wires and make some analysis through the simulation result. Based on the analysis conclusion,some algorithms are developed to adjust the rou ting result with crosstalk constraint.

Pollen Xenia Effect of High-oil Maize on Kernel Traits of Common Maize

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-oil maize pollen on kernel traits of common maize, so as to provide some basis for the production and quality improvement of high-oil maize. [Method] Three hightoil maize varieties were cultivated to pollinate three common maize varieties. [Result] The kemel yield of common maize was increased or changed slightly, and the embryo weight was increased significantly after they were pollinated with the pollen of hightoil maize. The kemel embryo percentage and protein content of common maizethigh oil maize hybrids were higher than those of common maize inbreds. [Conclusion] The growth and development of kernel embryos, as well as the kernel quality of common maize was improved by pollination with hightoil maize.

Highly Effective Detection of Amitraz in Honey by Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy Coupled with Chemometric Methods

As an effective and universal acaricide, amitraz is widely used on beehives against varroasis caused by the mite Varroa jacobsoni. Its residues in honey pose a great danger to human health. In this study, a sensitive, rapid, and environmentally friendly surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method (SERS) was developed for the determination of trace amount of amitraz in honey with the use of silver nanorod (AgNR) array substrate. The AgNR array substrate fabricated by an oblique angle deposition technique exhibited an excellent SERS activity with an enhancement factor of -10^7. Density function theory was employed to assign the characteristic peak of amitraz. The detection of amitraz was further explored and amitraz in honey at concentrations as low as 0.08 mg/kg can be identified. Specifically, partial least square regression analysis was employed to correlate the SERS spectra in full-wavelength with Camitraz to afford a multiple-quantitative amitraz predicting model. Preliminary results show that the predicted concentrations of amitraz in honey samples are in good agreement with their real concentrations. Compared with the conventional univariate quantitative model based on single peak’s intensity, the proposed multiple-quantitative predicting model integrates all the characteristic peaks of amitraz, thus offering an improved detecting accuracy and anti-interference ability.

The performance of nano multicomponent cocatalyst in the improvement of catalytic sensor of methane

Based on the deficiency of catalytic elements in methane sensors such as sintering,activity decrease and surface area reduction at high temperature, three differentnano vectors Ce-Zr-Al_2O_3, Ce-Al_2O_3, and Zr-Al_2O_3 were prepared via sol-gel technique inthe experiment.BET surface area, catalytic activity and thermal stability were tested andcompared.It is found from the experiment that the Ce-doped Al_2O_3 vector possesseshigher catalytic activity than pure Al_2O_3 vector.Zr-doped Al_2O_3 vector can enhance thethermal stability of methane sensors.Ce-Zr-Al solid solution can be obtained by the presenceof Ce and Zr doped with Al_2O_3.The reaction activity and thermal stability of catalyticsensors were improved because of the unique synergy effect from Ce-Zr-O.Among themixed cocatalysts, Ce-Zr-O was reported to be an excellent cocatalyst material.The performanceof methane sensors can be improved significantly via the modification ofCe-Zr-Al_2O_3 vector.

Novel fluorescence sensor based on covalent immobilization of 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole via electrostatically assembled gold nanoparticle layer

A novel technique of immobilizing indicator dyes by electrostatic adsorption and covalent bonding to fabricate optical sensors was developed.3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazole(AEC)was attached to the outmost surface of quartz glass slide via aminosilanizing the slide,crosslinking chitosan,adsorbing Au nanoparticle,self-assembling HS(CH2)11OH,and coupling AEC.Thus, an AEC-immobilized optical sensor was obtained.The sensor exhibits a wide linear response range from 7.0×10- 7to 1.0×10 -4 mol/L and a correlation coefficient of 0.995 9 for the detection of 2-nitrophenol.The detection limit and response time of the sensor are 1.0×10- 7mol/L and less than 10 s,respectively.The fluorescence intensity of the used sensor can be restored to the blank value by simply rinsing with blank buffer.A very effective matrix for immobilizing indicator dye is provided by the proposed technique, which is adaptable to other indicator dyes with amino groups besides AEC.

Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xCe-0.5Zn alloys by nano-indentation

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xCe-0.5Zn （x=0.5, 1.5, 2.5, molar fraction, %） alloys were examined using a nano-indentation technique. The alloys were fabricated using a vacuum induction melting method under an argon atmosphere The microstruetures of Mg-xCe-0.5Zn alloys mainly consist ofa-Mg and eutectic Mg12Ce phase. The volume fraction and size of the eutectic Mgl2Ce phase increase with increasing Ce contents. Nano-indentation test results show that the indentation hardness and elastic modulus of the eutectic Mg12Ce phase are higher than those of the a-Mg matrix. In addition, the mean indentation hardness and elastic modulus of the Mg-xCe-0.5Zn alloys increase with the Ce addition amount increasing.

Polydopamine-Assisted Fabrication of Fiber-Optic Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles

A fast and facile method of fabricating fiber-optic localized surface plasmon resonance sensors baseff on spherical gold nanoparticles was introduced in this study. The gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of 55 nm were synthesized via the Turkevich method and were then immobilized onto the surface of an uncladded sensor probe using a polydopamine layer. To obtain a sensor probe with high sensitivity to changes in the refractive index, a set of key optimization parameters, including the sensing length, coating time of the potydopamine layer, and coating time of the gold nanoparticles, were investigated. The sensitivity of the optimized sensor probe was 522.80 nm per refractive index unit, and the probe showed distinctive wavelength shifts when the refractive index was changed from 1.328 6 to 1.398 7. When stored in deionized water at 4 ℃, the sensor probe proved to be stable over a period of two weeks. The sensor also exhibited advantages, such as low cost, fast fabrication, and simple optical setup, which indicated its potential application in remote sensing and real-time detection.

Design of 15 Gb/s inductorless limiting amplifier with RSSI and LOS indication in 65nm CMOS

A limiting amplifier IC implemented in 65nm CMOS technology and intended for high-speed op- tical fiber communications is described in this paper. The inductorless limiting amplifier incorporates 5-stage 8 dB gain limiting cells with active feedback and negative Miller capacitance, a high speed output buffer with novel third order active feedback, and a high speed full-wave rectifier. The re- ceiver signal strength indictor （RSSI） can detect input signal power with 33dB dynamic range, and the limiting amplifier features a programmable loss of signal （LOS） indication with external resistor. The sensitivity of the limiting amplifier is 5.5mV at BER = 10^ -12 and the layout area is only 0.53 × 0.72 mm^2 because of no passive inductor. The total gain is over 41dB, and bandwidth exceeds 12GHz with 56mW power dissipation.

Residual stress distribution in different depths of TiNi/Ti_2Ni-based laser clad coating prepared at different environmental temperatures

This study aimed to effectively reduce the cracking susceptibility of the laser clad coating by enhancing the environmental temperature during laser cladding,and reveal the residual stress distribution in different depths of the coating.The TiNi/Ti2Ni-based coatings were prepared on Ti6Al4V by laser cladding at different environmental temperatures of25,400,600and800°C.The changes in residual stress along the depth of the coatings were investigated in detail by the nanoindentation method.Results showed that the average residual stress of2.90GPa in the coating prepared at25°C was largest.With the increase in environmental temperature,the average residual stress was reduced to1.34GPa(400°C),0.70GPa(600°C)and0GPa(800°C).For all the coatings,the residual stress was increased with increasing the distance from the coating surface.Enhancing the environmental temperature can effectively reduce the cracking susceptibility of the coatings.

Molecularly imprinted polymer based on upconversion nanoparticles for highly selective and sensitive determination of Ochratoxin A

A novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) was successfully synthesized for determination of Ochratoxin A (OTA). The MIP was developed on the silica-coated UCNPs using N-(1-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl amido)-(L)-phenylalanine (HNA-Phe) as the alternative template. The final composite combined the advantages of the high selectivity of MIP with the high fluorescence intensity of UCNPs which was selective and sensitive to OTA. Under the optimal condition, the fluorescence intensity of UCNPs@SiO2@MIP decreases linearly when the concentration of OTA increases from 0.05 to 1.0 mg/L. The detection limit of OTA with the method was 0.031 mg/L. At three spiked concentration levels (50, 100 and 200 μg/kg), the recovery ranges of OTA in corn, rice and feed are 88.0%–91.6%, 80.2%–91.6% and 89.2%–90.4%, respectively.

Transparent Electronic Skin Device Based on Microstructured Silver Nanowire Electrode

Transparent, flexible electronic skin holds a wide range of applications in robotics, humanmachine interfaces, artificial intelligence, prosthetics, and health monitoring. Silver nanowire are mechanically flexible and robust, which exhibit great potential in transparent and electricconducting thin film. Herein, we report on a silver-nanowire spray-coating and electrodemicrostructure replicating strategy to construct a transparent, flexible, and sensitive electronic skin device. The electronic skin device shows highly sensitive piezo-capacitance response to pressure. It is found that micropatterning the surface of dielectric layer polyurethane elastomer by replicating from microstructures of natural-existing surfaces such as lotus leaf, silk, and frosted glass can greatly enhance the piezo-capacitance performance of the device. The microstructured pressure sensors based on silver nanowire exhibit good transparency, excellent flexibility, wide pressure detection range （0-150 kPa）, and high sensitivity （1.28 kPa-1）.

Piezoresistive Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotube Films

Piezoresistive effect of carbon nanotube films was investigated by athree-point bending test. Carbon nanotubes were synthesized by hot filament chemical vapordeposition. The experimental results showed that the carbon nanotubes have a striking piezoresistiveeffect. The relative resistance was changed from 0 to 10.5 X 10^(-2) and 3. 25 X 10^(-2) for dopedand undoped films respectively at room temperature when the microstrain under stress from 0 to 500.The gauge factors for doped and undoped carbon nanotube films under 500 microstrain were about 220and 67 at room temperature, respectively, exceeding that of polycrystalline silicon (30) at 35℃.The origin of the resistance changes in the films may be attributed to a strain-induced change inthe band gap for the doped tubes and the defects for the undoped tubes.

A carbon nanotube-based sensing element

A carbon nanotube-based(CNT) sensing element is presented, which consists of substrate, insulating layer, electrodes, carbon nanotube and measuring circuit. The sensing components are a single or array of CNTs, which are located on the two electrodes. The CNT-based sensing element is fabricated by CVD (chemical vapor deposition)-direct-growth on micro- electrodes. The sensing model and measurement method of electromechanical property are also presented. Finally, the voltage-current characteristics are measured, which show that the CNT-based sensing element has good electrical properties.

A FAULT DETECTION SENSOR FOR CIRCUIT AGING USING DOUBLE-EDGE-TRIGGERED FLIP-FLOP

In nanoscale technology, transistor aging is one of the most critical problems that impact on the reliability of circuits. Aging sensor is a good online way to detect the circuit aging, which performs during the operating time with no influence of the normal operation of circuits. In this paper, a Dou- ble-edge-triggered Detection Sensor for circuit Aging （DSDA） is proposed, which employs data signal of logic circuits as its clock to control the sampling process. The simulation is done by Hspice using 45 nm technology. The results show that this technique is not case of the detection precision is more than 80% under aging fault effectively with the 8% power cost and 30% sensitive to the process variations. The worst the different process variations. It can detect performance cost.

Electrical properties of carbon nanotubes in flowing vapor

Electric potentials were generated from carbon nanotubes immersed in flowing vapors. The nanomaterials used in this study were multiwall carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs） and silver nanopowders. These nanomaterials were dispersed and densely packed on a substrate and immersed in flowing vapors generated from solution such as water, ethanol and KCI. The potentials generated from these samples were measured by a voltmeter. Experimental results showed that the electric potentials were produced at the surface of the MWCNT samlpes, and strongly dependent on the pretreatment of MWCNT and properties of the flowing vapors. The mechanism of vapor-flow induced potentials may be ascribed to ions in the flowing vapors. This property of MWCNTs can advantage their application to nanoscale sensors, detectors and power cells.

Lamivudine resistance mutations in patients infected with hepatitis B virus genotype D

AIM: To determine the distribution of viral genotypes for primary or acquired lamivudine resistance. METHODS: A total of 283 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (245 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 38 inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers) were included in the study. The HBV geno-type was determined by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis, and tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) motif mutations were determined using the reverse transcriptase hybridization method. RESULTS: Lamivudine resistance was determined in a total of 25 (10.7%) chronic hepatitis B patients. Eight subjects (4%) had primary resistance to lamivudine, and 17 (53.1%) had secondary resistance to lamivudine. Genotype D, which was isolated from 267 of the patients with chronic HBV infection, was the dominant genotype in Turkey. CONCLUSION: Identification of YMDD motif mutations should have a positive impact on the selection of proper antiviral medication for patients, even for those who are nucleoside nave.

New Silver Nanosensor for Nickel Traces. Part II： Urinary Nickel Determination Associated to Smoking Addiction

A new fluorescence silver nanosensor assisted by surfactant has been recently synthesized and applied to ultra trace nickel determination. The methodology was validated by the standard addition method and satisfactorily applied to nickel determination in urine without previous treatment, coming from subjects with different smoking addiction levels and second hand smokers. Within-day precision was better than 0.011 CV. The reproducibility （between-days precision） was also evaluated over 3 days by performing six determinations each day with a CV of 0.025. The proposed methodology represents a promising approach in the area of biological monitoring due to its low operation cost, simplicity of instrumentation, high sampling speed and non-polluting solvents. Obtained results of urinary nickel concentration were successfully correlated with the tobacco addiction.

Improving anti-sulfur performance of methane sensors by new vectors and active components

Conventional Pd/γ-A12O3 methane sensors are easily poisoned in a sulfur-containing atmosphere, with a subsequent decrease in sensitivity and the working life of methane sensors. We mainly investigated the effect of nanotechnology and a cerium co-catalyst on the stability and anti-sulfur performance of methane sensors. In our experiment, an anti-sulfur methane sensor was prepared by immersing cerium-containing γ-alumina nanometer elements into a Pt-Pd bimetallic nanometer catalyst. The experi- ment about the sensitivity and stability performance of different catalytic methane sensors indicate that sensitivity, decreased by catalyst sulfur poisoning, is improved significantly by adding cerium to the vector. As well, the long-term operational stability of methane sensors increased significantly.