小麦不完善粒感观分析评价

感观分析是小麦不完善粒检测的主要方法。正确理解和判别小麦不完善粒特别是病斑粒、发芽粒、生霉粒至关重要。依据GB／T22504．1—2008经过反复鉴别和实验室间、实验室内部不断的比对来统一检测尺度，并不断提高小麦不完善粒检测的准确性和可靠性，实现小麦不完善粒检测的质量控制。

马铃薯低度白酒酿造研究

此次试验以马铃薯、苦荞壳、米糠、糖化酶及酒曲为原料,采用蒸馏白酒酿造工艺,研究马铃薯与苦荞壳的比例、糖化酶的添加量、酒曲的添加量、发酵时间及搅拌频率5个因素对马铃薯低度白酒的酒精度及感观评价的影响,试验结果表明,在马铃薯与苦荞壳的总量为1 000 g时,马铃薯比苦荞壳为8∶2、酒曲添加量为1.40%、糖化酶添加量为0.40%、发酵时间为24 d且搅拌频率为24 h/次的条件下能得到较好的产品,为今后马铃薯低度白酒酿造生产提供科学指导。

Quantitative investigation on micro-parameters of cemented paste backfill and its sensitivity analysis

The mechanical properties of cemented paste backfill(CPB) depend heavily on its pore structural characteristics and micro-structural changes. In order to explore the variation mechanisms of macro-mechanical characteristics and micro-structure of CPB. CPB specimens with different mass concentrations prepared from the full tailings of Xianglushan Tungsten Ore were micro-tests. Moreover, acquired pore digital images were processed by using the pores(particles) and cracks analysis system(PCAS), and a sensitivity analysis was performed. The results show that as the mass concentration of CPB increases from 70% to 78%, the porosity, the average pore area and the number of pores drop overall, leading to a decline in the pores opening degree and enhancing the mechanical characteristics. As the mass concentration of CPB increases, the trend of fractal dimension, probability entropy and roundness is reduced, constant and increased, which can result in an enhancement of the uniformity, an unchanged directionality and more round pores. According to the definition of sensitivity, the sensitivities of various micro-parameters were calculated and can be ranked as porosity > average pore area > number of pores > roundness > fractal dimension > probability entropy.

A Web-Based Integrated Intelligent System for Sensory Fabric Hand Evaluation

This paper presents a web-based integrated system for on-line sensory fabric hand evaluation. The methods of fuzzy techniques, neural networks, classical factorial analysis and other data analysis are used in the system to analyze the objective and subjective data, and to build the relationship between them. Given the objective data of a new fabric sample, the system can provide its sensory hand data and its total hand grade. In meantime, the total hand grade can be obtained directly from the sensory fabric hand data if provided. The sensory evaluation system is developed in Internet environment using Java language and SQL server database management system.

The Effects of Job Security, Features, Personal Values, and Recognition on Organizational Involvement

As extrinsic rewards become very limited under organizational retrenchments, organizations should rely heavily on other types of rewards, such as intrinsic rewards, to improve the performance of those employees who have been overwhelmed with a perception of job insecurity. This paper examines the impact of such perception, along with many other positive influencers such as enhancement in job features, recognition, and the personal values of those employees on the organizational involvement. The data analyzed were based on a sample of 34 employee respondents from a project based engineering and service company （identified as ABC Company in this paper） operating in the Middle East. The adopted research approach is basically a quantitative approach. The correlation and regression analysis tools have been used to explore this relationship. The results of this study suggest a generally unnoticed and disregarded resource that has the prime effect on improving and enhancing the organizational involvement, which is the recognition those employees receive from the management. This research suggests that recognition, as the top influencer, has a strong impact on organizational involvement/psychological attachment for the employees. The other factors that have proved to have the second degree influence on organizational involvement are enhancement in job features, increase in the job security level, and personal values.

Submicroscopic Plasmodial Infection May Lead to Severe Malaria in Children

Malaria is one of the leading causes of consultation in African pediatric hospitals. In Gabon, malaria transmission is perennial. Plasmodium falciparum, responsible for the most severe form of the disease, represents more than 95% of all species. In P. falciparum infection, the hyperparasitemia accounts among the main criteria of disease severity. However, in many endemic countries, a significant decrease of malaria burden accompanying with the diminution of parasite load in infected individuals has been demonstrated. The objective of the study was to analyze the occurrence of febrile syndrome in childhood and investigate whether the acute febrile illness could be associated with P. falciparum submicroscopic infection. A cross-sectional study was carried out during January to March 2013 in Franceville. A total of 203 acute febrile children were enrolled. A clinical examination and biomedical analysis including parasitological diagnosis by microscope were carried out in all the patients and PCR on microscope negative ones. Of 203 children recruited for febrile syndrome, 111 have been diagnosed positive for P. falciparum infection, 73 （35.9%） by microscope （ME） and 38 （18.71%） by PCR （submicroscopic infection = SM1） with an overall prevalence of 54.68%. Of the 11 1 P. falciparum infected individuals and according to the WHO criteria, 35 （31.53%） children showed a clinical picture of severe malaria against 76 （68.47%） others classified as uncomplicated malaria. The overall prevalence rates were therefore estimated as 17.24 （35/203） for severe cases and 37.43% （76/203） for uncomplicated ones. Clinically, these severe malaria cases （27 ME＋ and 8 PCR＋） were mainly composed of 85.71% of anaemic patients （30/35）, 71.14% of prostrated individuals （25/35） and 57.14% of children with clinical icterus （20/35）. However, only two cases of severe anaemia were observed, the remaining others cases were moderate （10） and mild anaemia （18）. More interestingly, eight submicroscopic infected patients （22.85%） were found with neurological manifestations （prostration） and all were experiencing thrombocytopenia. Lastly, 1 hyperparasitemia, 6 hypoglycemia and 2 respiratory distresses were also observed among these severe malaria cases. P. falciparum submicroscopic infection may lead to severe malaria in perennial transmission area.

Sensitivity Analysis of Key Input Parameters in Microscopic Simulation of Congested and Uncongested Arterial Signals

This study involved investigating the sensitivity of Measures of Effectiveness （MOEs） to different simulation initialization time （7, 10, and 13 minutes）; observing the trend of variation of MOEs with increasing simulation runs; and identifying the major contributors of variation in MOEs using CORSIM and SimTraffic. The results showed that （1） the MOEs of a simulated intersection approaches were indeed sensitive to initialization times; （2） the variation within MOEs reached a steady state with increased number of simulation runs, while CORSIM required at least 50 simulation runs, SimTraffic required even higher number of runs for congested approaches; （3） lane changing and gap acceptance parameters play a major role as a source of variation of MOEs （delay/vehicle） in CORSIM and SimTraffic respectively.

Analysis of XCO_2 retrieval sensitivity using simulated Chinese Carbon Satellite(TanSat) measurements

We present a study on the retrieval sensitivity of the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO2(XCO2) for the Chinese carbon dioxide observation satellite(TanSat) with a full physical forward model and the optimal estimation technique. The forward model is based on the vector linearized discrete ordinate radiative transfer model(VLIDORT) and considers surface reflectance, gas absorption, and the scattering of air molecules, aerosol particles, and cloud particles. XCO2 retrieval errors from synthetic TanSat measurements show solar zenith angle(SZA), albedo dependence with values varying from 0.3 to 1 ppm for bright land surface in nadir mode and 2 to 8 ppm for dark surfaces like snow. The use of glint mode over dark oceans significantly improves the CO2 information retrieved. The aerosol type and profile are more important than the aerosol optical depth, and underestimation of aerosol plume height will introduce a bias of 1.5 ppm in XCO2. The systematic errors due to radiometric calibration are also estimated using a forward model simulation approach.

Analysis of observations on the urban surface energy balance in Beijing

The 1-year（2009-2010） measurements are analyzed of the urban surface energy balance（SEB） obtained from the sensors located at three vertical layers of a 325-m tower in downtown Beijing.Results show that：（1） The measurements from the 325-m tower represent the SEB characteristics of the cities located in semi-humid warm-temperate continental monsoon climate zone.In a typical hot and rainy summer,cold and dry winter,the measured Bowen ratio is minimum in summer and maximum in winter.The Bowen ratio measured at 140 m for spring,summer,autumn,and winter are 2.86,0.82,1.17,and 4.16 respectively.（2） At the height of 140-m（in the constant flux layer）,the noontime albedo is ~0.10 for summer,~0.12 for spring and autumn,and ~0.14 for winter.The ratios of daytime sensible heat flux,latent heat flux,and storage heat flux to net radiation are 0.25,0.16,and 0.59 for clear-sky days,and 0.33,0.19,and 0.48 for cloudy days respectively.（3） Under clear-sky days,the nighttime sensible heat flux is almost zero,but the latent heat flux is greater than zero.For cloudy days,the nighttime sensible heat flux is slightly greater than the latent heat flux in winter.The nighttime upward heat flux is presumably due to the anthropogenic release（mainly latent heat for summer,while latent and sensible heat for winter）.

Effects of polarization calibration on aerosol optical depth retrieval: An ocean case sensitivity analysis

Reflectance measurements of both the visible and infrared bands of passive remote sensing sensors are widely used to retrieve aerosol optical depth(AOD) information. This is performed commonly for data obtained over both ocean and land, and these measurements allow for the off line development of a lookup table using radiative transfer models. Owing to molecular and aerosol effects, the reflected light received by the sensor is usually highly polarized. The linear polarization effect may be up to 100%, and the polarization factor of a sensor optical system will change the total intensity as well as the polarization status of the signal reaching the detector. The detector response will be different when the incident light polarization status changes, even if the total intensity remains constant. However, if the polarization calibration is neglected, it will cause obvious errors in the aerosol data retrieval. This is especially true for aerosol optical depth retrieval over an ocean. This measurement relies directly on the reflectance output of the sensor. Cases involving land surfaces are not discussed herein because the inhomogeneous properties conceal the error due to polarization. Taking the 550 and 860 nm bands as examples, the difference between the real top-of-atmosphere(TOA) reflectance and the reflectance reaching the detector is calculated using three different sensor polarization standards according to the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor(Sea Wi FS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) standards. The differences in AOD retrieval are also demonstrated using the lookup table developed previously from a vector radiative transfer code. The results reveal that under a normal situation in which the AOD is 0.15, the maximum AOD retrieval error could reach 0.04 in 550 nm but only 0.02 in 860 nm for the dust aerosol model. For the soot aerosol model, the maximum AOD retrieval error is 0.1 in 550 nm and 0.12 in 860 nm, indicating that the lack of polarization calibration will lead to large errors in aerosol retrieval over an ocean.