无醛型蓬松慢干可厚批腻子胶粘剂的研究

批刮腻子是墙面涂装的第一道必经程序。腻子胶粘剂要求易施工、效果好,满足装修人员轻松不累干活快的需求。本研究通过筛选不同的原材料和配方工艺,以满足无醛型、触变性好、表干慢、可厚批的施工要求。结果表明,使用无醛配方,不添加甲醛,触变性好,批刮轻松;批刮后8～10 min收光不卷边;厚批12mm不开裂。该研究成果具有良好的社会效益和经济价值。

脑发育期甲状腺功能低下大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位慢成分的变化

目的:探讨脑发育期甲状腺功能低下大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位慢成分(SC-BAEP)的变化。方法:孕鼠从孕17d至仔鼠生后30d饮0.03%甲巯咪唑的自来水诱发脑发育期甲状腺功能低下仔鼠;甲低大鼠生后1～30d腹腔注射左旋甲状腺素(20μg/kg/d)进行替代治疗;放射免疫法测定大鼠血清FT3和FT4;计算机平均叠加技术颅表记录大鼠SC-BAEP,连续3个月动态观察甲低大鼠波峰潜伏期(PL)和波幅的变化。结果:甲低组大鼠生后20d时未能引出SC-BAEP,生后30d、50d、70d和90dSC-BAEP的SC波PL均明显长于对照组,波幅明显小于对照组;替代治疗组大鼠SC-BAEP的SC波PL和波幅在生后20d、30d、50d、70d和90d与对照组比较无显著性差异。结论:脑发育期甲状腺功能低下大鼠SC-BAEP的发育明显延缓,及早补充甲状腺素能显著改善其脑发育障碍。

环保型水性油墨的应用及应注意的几个问题

一、什么是水性油墨 水性油墨主要是以水为溶剂的油墨.与其他印刷油墨相比,由于水性油墨不含有毒的挥发性有机溶剂,因此在印刷过程中对印刷机操作人员的健康没有损害,不会对大气环境造成污染,对印刷品本身也无污染.水性油墨具有不易燃的特点,可杜绝印刷车间内易燃易爆的隐患,从而保障安全生产.

塑料凹印品质保证措施与常见故障的解决办法

随着塑料包装印刷产品应用领域的不断扩大,市场对塑料包装印刷产品也提出了越来越高的要求,塑料薄膜印刷技术也因此越来越受到业内企业的重视.

高含量蒙脱石煤矸石制砖工艺

高含量蒙脱石煤矸石具有干燥线收缩大 ,易产生裂纹 ;对水的吸附能力大 ,脱水难度大 ,焙烧收缩大 ,易产生焙烧裂纹。针对煤矸石的特性 ,对生产工艺进行研究改造 ,采用科学配料 ,提高瘦化料、原料细化、延长原料陈化时间 ,干燥采用低温慢干 ,改变码烧方式 ,焙烧采用低温长烧 。

高胆红素血症新生大鼠听觉诱发电位的研究

目的:探讨高胆红素血症新生大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位快成分(FC-BAEP)、脑干听觉诱发电位慢成分(SC-BAEP)和听觉中潜伏期反应(MLR)的异常变化。方法:7日龄SD大鼠随机分为对照组(C组,17只)和两个实验组(T1和T2组,各17只)。T1组和T2组大鼠于7和10日龄腹腔注射胆红素溶液建模,累积剂量分别为90和120 mg/kg,C组大鼠于7日龄和10日龄腹腔注射生理盐水0.5 mL。对照组和实验组10日龄大鼠腹腔注射6 h后随机抽出7只断头取血检测血清胆红素;其余大鼠分别于12、14、17和20日龄检测FC-BAEP、SC-BAEP和MLR。结果:T1和T2组10日龄大鼠腹腔注射6h后,血清胆红素浓度明显升高;T1组和T2组大鼠FC-BAEP和SC-BAEP延迟出现;T1和T2组17、20日龄大鼠FC-BAEP除Ⅱ-ⅣIPL外,各波PL和IPL均显著延长,且T2组17日龄大鼠FC-BAEP各波PL均较T1组显著延长;T1和T2组17、20日龄大鼠SC-BAEP的PL显著延长,且T2组17日龄大鼠SC-BAEP的PL较T1组显著延长;T1和T2组17、20日龄大鼠MLR各波PL和IPL显著延长,除Pa-Pb IPL外,T2组大鼠MLR各波PL和IPL较T1组显著延长。结论:高胆红素血症新生大鼠FC-BAEP、SC-BAEP和MLR基本呈同步一致的异常变化,SC-BAEP和MLR也是早期监测胆红素诱发的听力和脑损伤的客观灵敏指标。

钢闸门防腐涂膜的常见病态与防治措施

从枣林庄、新盖房两个水利枢纽钢闸门涂料防腐施工中,归纳出钢闸门防腐涂膜常见病态,总结防治措施,改进钢闸门涂料防腐施工工艺。

聚氨酯防水涂料应用中的常见质量问题及其防治

分析了聚氨酯防水涂料应用中常见的质量问题及其产生的原因,包括沉淀、结膜、与基层粘结不良、鼓泡、慢干和不干等问题,并阐述了具体的防治措施。

Pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for genotype Ib chronic hepatitis C in Japan

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of pegylated interferon α-2b(peg-IFNα-2b) plus ribavirin(RBV) therapy in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) genotype Ib and a high viral load.METHODS:One hundred and twenty CHC patients(58.3% male) who received peg-IFNα-2b plus RBV therapy for 48 wk were enrolled.Sustained virological response(SVR) and clinical parameters were evaluated.RESULTS:One hundred(83.3%) of 120 patients completed 48 wk of treatment.53 patients(44.3%) achieved SVR.Early virological response(EVR) and end of treatment response(ETR) rates were 50% and 73.3%,respectively.The clinical parameters(SVR vs non-SVR) associated with SVR,ALT(108.4 IU/L vs 74.5 IU/L,P = 0.063),EVR(76.4% vs 16.4%,P < 0.0001),adherence to peg-IFN(≥ 80% of planned dose) at week 12(48.1% vs 13.6%,P = 0.00036),adherence to peg-IFN at week 48(54.7% vs 16.2%,P < 0.0001) and adherence to RBV at week 48(56.1% vs 32.1%,P = 0.0102) were determined using univariate analysis,and EVR and adherence to peg-IFN at week 48 were determined using multivariate analysis.In the older patient group(> 56 years),SVR in females was significantly lower than that in males(17% vs 50%,P = 0.0262).EVR and adherence to Peg-IFN were demonstrated to be the main factors associated with SVR.CONCLUSION:Peg-IFNα-2b plus RBV combination therapy demonstrated good tolerability in Japanese patients with CHC and resulted in a SVR rate of 44.3%.Treatment of elderly female patients is still challenging and maintenance of adherence to peg-IFNα-2b is important in improving the SVR rate.

Evolution and predictive factors of thyroid disorder due to interferon alpha in the treatment of hepatitis C

AIM： To study predictive factors of thyroid dysfunction associated with interferon-alpha （IFNa） therapy in chronic hepatitis C （CHC） and to describe its long-term evolution in a large population without previous thyroid dysfunction. METHODS： We performed a follow-up of thyroid function and detection of thyroid antibodies in 301 patients treated for CHC with IFNα from 1999 to 2004. RESULTS： Thyroid disorder developed in 30/301 （10%） patients with a mean delay of 6 ± 3.75 mo： 13 patients had hyperthyroidism, 11 had hypothyroidism, and 6 had biphasic evolution. During a mean follow-up of 41.59 ± 15.39 mo, 9 patients with hyperthyroidism, 3 with hypothyroidism, and 4 with biphasic evolution normalized thyroid function in 7.88 ± 5.46 mo. Recovery rate of dysthyroidism was not modified by treatment discontinuation, but was better for patients with negative thyroid antibodies before antiviral treatment （P = 0.02）. Women had significantly more dysthyroidism （P = 0.05）. Positive thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies were more frequent before antiviral treatment in patients who developed dysthyroidism （P 〈 0.0003 and P = 0.0003, respectively）. In a multivariate model, low fibrosis was found to be a predictive factor of dysthyroidism （P = 0.039）.CONCLUSION： In this monocentric population of CHC, dysthyroidism, especially hyperthyroidism, developed in 10% of patients, Low fibrosis was found to be a predictive factor of dysthyroidism, Thyroid disorder recovered in 16/30 patients （53%） and recovery was better in the non-autoimrnune form,

Is pegylated interferon superior to interferon,with ribavarin,in chronic hepatitis C genotypes 2/3?

Over the past decade, significant improvements have been made in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C （CHC）, especially with the introduction of combined therapy using both interferon and ribavarin. The optimal dose and duration of treatment is still a matter of debate and, importantly, the efficacy of this combined treatment varies with the viral genotype responsible for infection. In general, patients infected with viral genotypes 2 or 3 more readily achieve a sustained viral response than those infected with viral genotype 1. The introduction of a pegylated version of interferon in the past decade has produced better clinical outcomes in patients infected with viral genotype 1. However, the published literature shows no improvement in clinical outcomes in patients infected with viral genotypes 2 or 3 when they are treated with pegylated interferon as opposed to nonpegylated interferon, both given in combination with ribavarin. This is significant because the cost of a 24-wk treatment with pegylated interferon in lessdeveloped countries is between six and 30 times greater than that of treatment with interferon. Thus, clinicians need to carefully consider the cost-versusbenefit of using pegylated interferon to treat CHC, particularly when there is no evidence for clinically measurable benefits in patients with genotypes 2 and 3 infections.

Hepatic steatosis as a possible risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma after eradication of hepatitis C virus with antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C

AIM: To elucidate risk factors contributing to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with sustained viral response (SVR) after interferon (IFN) treatment and to examine whether HCV-RNA still remained in the liver of SVR patients who developed HCC. METHODS: Two-hundred and sixty-six patients, who achieved SVR, were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively reviewed clinical, viral and histological features of the patients, and examined whether the development of HCC depends on several clinical variables using Kaplan-Meier Method. RT-PCR was used to seek HCV-RNA in 3 out of 7 patients in whom liver tissue was available for molecular analysis. RESULTS: Among the enrolled 266 patients with SVR, HCC developed in 7 patients (7/266; 2.6%). We failed to detect HCV-RNA both in cancer and non-cancerous liver tissue in all three patients. The cumulative incidence for HCC was significantly different depending on hepatic fibrosis (F3-4) (P = 0.0028), hepatic steatosis (Grade 2-3) (P = 0.0002) and age (≥ 55) (P = 0.021) at the pre-interferon treatment. CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that age, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatic steatosis at pre- interferon treatment might be risk factors for developing HCC after SVR.

Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy associated with pegylated interferon α 2a therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection

The combination of pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin is the standard of care for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treatment. In general, common side effects related to this combination therapy are mild and are very well tolerated. However, peripheral neuropathy including demyelinating polyneuropathy related to Peg-IFN is extremely rare. We present the first case of an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) associated with Peg-IFN-α 2a (Pegasys) after 16 wk of a combination therapy with Pegasys and ribavirin in a 65-year-old woman with chronic HCV infection. She developed tingling, numbness, and weakness of her upper and lower extremities and was hospitalized for acute neurological deficits. Her clinical course, neurological findings, an electromyogram (EMG), nerve conductions studies (NCS), muscle biopsy, and a sural nerve biopsy were all consistent with AIDP likely related to Pegasys use. The patient recovered completely with the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) including physical therapy and neurological rehabilitation. It is very important that gastroenterologists and/or hepatologists recognize this rare neurological complication related to Peg-IFN treatment very early, since it requires a prompt discontinuation of therapy including an immediate referral to a neurologist for the confirmation of diagnosis, management, and the prevention of long-term neurological deficits.

Effect of in vitro interferon-beta administration on hepatitis C virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a predictive marker of clinical response to interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C

AIM:To test whether in vitro incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with interferon (IFN) could efficiently decrease hepatitis C virus-RNA (HCV-RNA) amount and to analyze whether this effect was associated with clinical response to IFN.METHODS:Twenty-seven patients with histologically proven chronic hepatitis C were given intravenous administration of 6 million units (MU) IFN-β daily for 6 weeks followed by three times weekly for 20 weeks. PBMC collected before IFN therapy were incubated with IFN-β and HCV-RNA in PMBC was semi-quantitatively determined.RESULTS: Twenty-five patients completed IFN therapy.Eight patients (32%) had sustained loss of serum HCV-RNA with normal serum ALT levels after IFN therapy (complete responders).HCV-RNA in PBMC was detected in all patients,whereas it was not detected in PBMC from healthy subjects.In vitro administration of IFN-β decreased the amount of HCV-RNA in PMBC in 18 patients (72%). Eight of these patients obtained complete response. On the other hand,none of the patients whose HCV-RNA in PBMC did not decrease by IFN-β was complete responders. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the decrease of HCV-RNA amount in PBMC by IFN-β was the only independent predictor for complete response (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The effect of in vitro IFN-β on HCV in PBMC reflects clinical response and would be taken into account as a predictive marker of IFN therapy for chronic hepatitis C.

Co-infection of SENV-D among chronic hepatitis C patients treated with combination therapy with high-dose interferon-alfa and ribavirin

AIM： The clinical significance of co-infection of SENV-D among patients with chronic hepatitis C （CHC） and response of both viruses to combination therapy with high-dose interferon-alfa （IFN） plus ribavirin remain uncertain and are being investigated.METHODS： Total 164 （97 males and 67 females, the mean age 48.1＋11.4 years, range： 20-73 years, 128 histologically proved） naive CHC patients were enrolled in this study. SENV-D DNA was tested by PCR method.Detection of serum HCV RNA was performed using a standardized automated qualitative RT-PCR assay （COBAS AMPLICOR HCV Test, version 2.0）. HCV genotypes la,lb, 2a, 2b, and 3a were determined by using genotypespecific primers. Pretreatment HCV RNA levels were determined by using the branched DNA assay （Quantiplex HCV RNA 3.0）. There are 156 patients receiving combination therapy with IFN 6 MU plus ribavirin for 24 wk and the response to therapy is determined.RESULTS： Sixty-one （37.2%） patients were positive for SENV-D DNA and had higher mean age than those who were negative （50.7＋ 10.6 years vs 46.6＋ 11.6 years,P = 0.026）. The rate of sustained viral response （SVR） for HCV and SENV-D were 67.3% （105/156） and 56.3% （27/48）, respectively. By univariate analysis, the higher rate of SVR was significantly related to HCV genotype non-1b （P〈0.001）, younger ages （P = 0.014）, lower pretreatment levels of HCV RNA （P = 0.019） and higher histological activity index （HAI） score for intralobular regeneration and focal necrosis （P= 0.037）. By multivariate analyses, HCV genotype non-lb, younger age and lower pretreatment HCV RNA levels were significantly associated with HCV SVR （odds ratio （OR）/95% confidence interval （CI）： 12.098/0.02-0.19, 0.936/0.890-0.998, and 3.131/1.080-9.077, respectively）. The SVR of SENV-D was higher among patients clearing SENV-D than those who had viremia at the end of therapy （P = 0.04）.CONCLUSION： Coexistent SENV-D infection, apparently associated with higher ages, is found in more than onethird Taiwan Residents CHC patients. Both HCV and SENV-D are highly susceptible to combination therapy with high-dose IFN and ribavirin and SENV-D co-infection does not affect the HCV response. HCV genotype, pretreatment HCV RNA levels and age are predictive factors for HCV SVR.

Gastric autoimmune disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis C before,during and after interferon-alpha therapy

AIM:To explore the prevalence of autoimmune gastritis in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients and the influence of α-interferon (IFN) treatment on autoimmune gastritis. METHODS:We performed a prospective study on 189 patients with positive anti-HCV and viral RNA enrolled in a 12-month IFN protocol.We evaluated:a) the baseline prevalence of autoimmune gastritis,b) the impact of IFN treatment on development of biochemical signs of autoimmune gastritis (at 3,6 and 12 months),c) the evolution after IFN withdrawal (12 months) in terms of anti-gastric-parietal-cell antibodies (APCA),gastrin,anti-thyroid,and anti-non-organ- specific antibodies. RESULTS:APCA positivity and 3-fold gastrin levels were detected in 3 (1.6%) and 9 (5%) patients,respectively,at baseline,in 25 (13%) and 31 (16%) patients at the end of treatment (both P<0.001,vs baseline),and in 7 (4%) and 14 (7%) patients 12 months after withdrawal (P=0.002 and P=0.01 respectively,vs baseline;P=not significant vs end of treatment).The development of autoimmune gastritis was strictly associated with the presence of autoimmune thyroiditis (P=0.0001),no relationship was found with other markers of autoimmunity. CONCLUSION:In HCV patients,IFN frequently precipitates latent autoimmune gastritis,particularly in females.Following our 12-month protocol,the phenomenon generally regressed.Since APCA positivity and high gastrin levels are associated with the presence of antithyroid antibodies, development of autoimmune thyroiditis during IFN treatment may provide a surrogate preliminary indicator of possible autoimmune gastritis to limit the need for invasive examinations.