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影像学方法检测慢性肾功能障碍患者骨量变化的比较 被引量:2
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作者 张苗 蒋春明 +1 位作者 钱敏 林华 《中国临床康复》 CSCD 2003年第27期3759-3759,共1页
目的了解影像学骨量检测方法在尿毒症患者骨量改变中的应用价值。方法对23例慢性肾小球肾炎导致尿毒症患者进行骨盆和双手X线平片、右前臂桡骨和右下肢胫骨定量超声(quantitativeultrasound,QUS)以及右股骨近端和腰椎(L2~4)双能X线检测... 目的了解影像学骨量检测方法在尿毒症患者骨量改变中的应用价值。方法对23例慢性肾小球肾炎导致尿毒症患者进行骨盆和双手X线平片、右前臂桡骨和右下肢胫骨定量超声(quantitativeultrasound,QUS)以及右股骨近端和腰椎(L2~4)双能X线检测(dual-energyX-rayabsorptiometry,DEXA),比较3种影像学检测方法对尿毒症患者骨量变化的检出率。结果23例患者普通X线平片检查检出2例(9%)骨量异常;DEXA,QUS对骨量减少和骨质疏松的检出率分别为:腰椎44%,17%,股骨39%,13%,联合52%,22%。QUS桡骨74%,44%,胫骨70%,39%,联合83%,48%。QUS,DEXA检测与平片比较在骨量减少和骨质疏松检出率方面差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);QUS联合检测与DEXA联合检测比较差异存在显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论QUS检测方法对尿毒症患者骨量减少和骨质疏松的检出率明显高于X线片和DEXA检测方法,QUS检测方法在临床上的应用有利于尿毒症患者骨量改变的早期诊断,且无放射性。 展开更多
关键词 慢性肾功能障碍 X线检查 超声检查 双能X线检查 骨量
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老年高血压病与认知功能障碍研究进展 被引量:3
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作者 赵洁慧 曲毅 方宁远 《老年医学与保健》 CAS 2008年第5期314-316,共3页
老年高血压患者心脑血管病的发病率和死亡率较高,由此导致脑卒中、冠心病、慢性肾功能障碍等靶器官损害已引起学者的高度关注,但是,高血压引起的老年脑功能损害的状况,即从轻度认知障碍到痴呆的序贯性改变尚未得到学术界的高度重视... 老年高血压患者心脑血管病的发病率和死亡率较高,由此导致脑卒中、冠心病、慢性肾功能障碍等靶器官损害已引起学者的高度关注,但是,高血压引起的老年脑功能损害的状况,即从轻度认知障碍到痴呆的序贯性改变尚未得到学术界的高度重视。临床上早期识别或诊断高血压导致的认知功能障碍患者,采取早期临床干预和药物治疗,将会极大地改善老年高血压病患者的预后和生活质量。本文试从老年高血压病对大脑结构及功能影像学的影响,对老年高血压病患者认知功能障碍的临床识别和干预措施进行文献回顾。 展开更多
关键词 老年高血压病患者 认知功能障碍 老年高血压患者 慢性肾功能障碍 轻度认知障碍 早期识别 临床干预 心脑血管病
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血液透析患者应用重组人红细胞生成素对心功能的影响
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作者 王艳秋 李德天 周光宇 《中国临床康复》 CSCD 2003年第9期1483-1484,共2页
目的探讨影响慢性肾功能障碍患者生活质量的因素及提高生活质量的措施。方法选择规律透析的慢性肾功能障碍患者,随机分为A组:规律性血液透析,未系统给予重组人红细胞生成素(益比奥)和活性维生素D3治疗;B组:规律性血液透析,同时系统给予... 目的探讨影响慢性肾功能障碍患者生活质量的因素及提高生活质量的措施。方法选择规律透析的慢性肾功能障碍患者,随机分为A组:规律性血液透析,未系统给予重组人红细胞生成素(益比奥)和活性维生素D3治疗;B组:规律性血液透析,同时系统给予益比奥和活性维生素D3治疗。所有患者均在随访开始和结束时常规检查营养状态及心功能。结果治疗后B组营养状态良好者(56.7%)明显高于A组(18.1%,P<0.05);营养状态正常者A组11例(50%),B组11例(44.3%),两组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);营养不良者A组7例(32.9%),B组无营养不良者。血清白蛋白(ALB)与血红蛋白(Hb)呈正相关,r=0.373,P=0.001。48例尿毒症患者中35例(72.9%)发生左室肥大(LVH),收缩压(SBP)与左心室心肌质量指数(LVMI)呈正相关(P<0.05)。Hb,ALB与左室内径(LVD),LVMI呈负相关(P<0.05),治疗后A组ALB,室间隔厚度(IVS),左室后壁厚度(WTD),LVMI较治疗前升高明显(P<0.05),B组Hb,ALB,Ca2+较治疗前明显升高,甲状腺激素(PTH),IVS,WTD,LVMI明显下降。结论常规规律性血液透析,控制血压,纠正酸中毒,系统的给予益比奥,活性维生素D3等治疗,可改善尿毒症患者营养状态,提高患者生活质量。 展开更多
关键词 血液透析 重组人红细胞生成素 功能 生活质量 慢性肾功能障碍 益比奥 活性维生素D3
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90 min内和3 min内静脉滴注蔗糖铁疗法所引起的促红细胞生成素依赖患儿不良事件的发生率均不高
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作者 Anbu A.T. Kemp T. +2 位作者 O'Donnell K. M.G. Bradbury 张振 《世界核心医学期刊文摘(儿科学分册)》 2006年第6期4-5,共2页
Aim: To define the adverse events following two different rates and methods of intravenous iron sucrose infusions in children with anaemia due to chronic renal impairment. Methods: Two prospective observational studie... Aim: To define the adverse events following two different rates and methods of intravenous iron sucrose infusions in children with anaemia due to chronic renal impairment. Methods: Two prospective observational studies were undertaken to characterize the adverse events following iron sucrose administration in children with renal impairment and on erythropoietin. Between January 1999 and April 2003, 5 mgkg of intravenous (IV) iron sucrose was given over 90 min and repeated 24 h later. Between May 2003 and September 2004, in children with better venous access, a single dose of 2 mgkg of IV iron sucrose was administered over 3 min during an outpatient clinic visit and haemodialysis sessions. Following infusions, children were monitored for immediate and delayed adverse events. All such events were documented and dealt with appropriately. Test doses were not used. Results: A total of 870 infusions over 90 min were administered to 72 children. Three children developed abdominal pain. One child developed worsening of hypertension (not related to iron sucrose). Sixty-five doses were administered over 3 min to 20 children, and six minor adverse events were documented. Conclusion: Although 90 min infusion is associated with fewer adverse events, no lifethreatening events were documented in either method. 展开更多
关键词 静脉滴注疗法 促红细胞生成素 蔗糖铁 发生率 患儿 慢性肾功能障碍 注射速率 给药方式 非住院患者 试验对象
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Chronic kidney disease and erectile dysfunction 被引量:4
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作者 Etsu Suzuki Hiroaki Nishimatsu +2 位作者 Shigeyoshi Oba Masao Takahashi Yukio Homma 《World Journal of Nephrology》 2014年第4期220-229,共10页
Erectile dysfunction(ED) is a common condition among male chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients.Its prevalence is estimated to be approximately 80% among these patients.It has been well established that the production ... Erectile dysfunction(ED) is a common condition among male chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients.Its prevalence is estimated to be approximately 80% among these patients.It has been well established that the production of nitric oxide from the cavernous nerve and vascular endothelium and the subsequent production of cyclic GMP are critically important in initiating and maintaining erection.Factors affecting these pathways can induce ED.The etiology of ED in CKD patients is multifactorial.Factors including abnormalities in gonadal-pituitary system,disturbance in autonomic nervous system,endothelial dysfunction,anemia(and erythropoietin deficiency),secondary hyperparathyroidism,drugs,zinc deficiency,and psychological problems are implicated in the occurrence of ED.An improvement of general conditions is the first step of treatment.Sufficient dialysis and adequate nutritional intake are necessary.In addition,control of anemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism is required.Changes of drugs that potentially affect erectile function may be necessary.Further,zinc supplementation may be necessary whenzinc deficiency is suspected.Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors(PDE5Is) are commonly used for treating ED in CKD patients,and their efficacy was confirmed by many studies.Testosterone replacement therapy in addition to PDE5 Is may be useful,particularly for CKD patients with hypogonadism.Renal transplantation may restore erectile function.ED is an early marker of cardiovascular disease(CVD),which it frequently precedes; therefore,it is crucial to examine the presence of ED in CKD patients not only for the improvement of the quality of life but also for the prevention of CVD attack. 展开更多
关键词 Erectile dysfunction Chronic kidney disease Nitric oxide Phosphodiesterase type 5 TESTOSTERONE
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