Background To document the pharmacotherapy of chronic heart failure （CHF） and to evaluate the adherence to treatment guidelines in Australian population. Methods The pharmacological management of 677 patients （fema...Background To document the pharmacotherapy of chronic heart failure （CHF） and to evaluate the adherence to treatment guidelines in Australian population. Methods The pharmacological management of 677 patients （female 46.7%, 75.5 ±11.6 years） with CHF was retrospectively analyzed. Results The use of angiotensin converting enzyme （ACE） inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers （ARB） and β-blockers were 58.2 % and 34.7 %, respectively. Major reasons for non-use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs were hyperkalemia and elevated serum creatinine level. For patients who did not receive β-blockers, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the main contraindications. Treatment at or above target dosages for ACE inhibitors/ARBs and β-blockers was low for each medication （40.3% and 28.9%, respectively）. Conclusions Evidenced-based medical therapies for heart failure were under used in a rural patient population. Further studies are required to develop processes to improve the optimal use of heart failure medications.展开更多
Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was increased obviously in rats after 3 days of normobaric hypoxic exposure and reached a maximum at 14 days of hypoxia. It remained at the same level during prolonged hypoxic expo...Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was increased obviously in rats after 3 days of normobaric hypoxic exposure and reached a maximum at 14 days of hypoxia. It remained at the same level during prolonged hypoxic exposure of up to 21 days. Right ventricular weight (RV/LV +S) and hydroxyproline (HP) content in the pulmonary artery began to increase at day 7. HP content had increased much faster than the relative rate of increase of PAP after 14 days, but HP content in the thoracic aorta showed no change. The relative proportion of type Ⅰto Ⅲ collagen increased singnificantly, and compliance of the pulmonary vessels obviously decreased. All parameters returned to the normal range within 14 days after recovery from hypoxia, except for HP content as expressed per vessel. 764-3 treatment obviously attenuated most of the changes caused by hypoxia, though it had no effect on compliance of the pulmonary vessels. It is suggested that collagen, especially type Ⅰcollagen, accumulation may play an important role in maintaining pulmonary hypertension. 764-3 has certain protective effects and may be useful in the treatment of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the efficacy of Jianpi thera- py in Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） for treat- ment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） in stable phase by performing a systematic review and ...OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the efficacy of Jianpi thera- py in Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） for treat- ment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） in stable phase by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS： The literatures concerning randomized controlled trials （RCTs） and quasi-RCTs comparing TCM treatment plus Western Medicine （WM） treat- ment with TCM alone, orTCM treatment vs no treatment, placebo for stable phase of COPD were searched in PubMed （1990-December 2010）, in Eng- lish and using Chinese National Knowledge Infra- structure （CNKI, 1990-December 2010）, Chinese Bio- medical Database （1990-December 2010）, Wang- fang Database （1990-December 2010）, and Weipu （VlP） Database in Chinese. The quality assessment and data extraction for RCTs were conducted by two reviewers independently. Jadad scale and allo-cation concealment were used to assess the quality of the included studies, and meta-analyses were conducted with the Collaboration＇s Revman 5.0 software. RESULTS： Seventeen RCTs or quasi-RCTs involving 1269 patients were included. The methodological quality was poor in all trials except one trial （Jadad score=4）. In the meta-analysis, TCM-WM treatment was significantly superior to WM treatment in cure rate [0R=3.82, 95%C/（2.45, 5.95）], and the effective rate between TCM treatment and placebo also had significant difference [0R=4.31, 95%C/（2.35, 7.91）]. Moreover, pulmonary function of the patients in TCM-WM group and TCM group was significantly improved [forced vital capacity （FVC）, P=O.01, quali- ty of life, P〈O.O01 ]. CONCLUSION： The experience in TCM-WM treat- ment of COPD in stable phase was encouraging. The current evidence shows that TCM-WM treat- ment might be more efficient in effective rate, qual- ity of life, and FVC than WM treatment alone. But for forced expiratory volume in one second （FEVl） and FEV1/FVC, no matter TCM-WM treatment com- pared with WM treatment alone or TCM treatment compared with placebo, there was no significant difference, with no obvious adverse reactions. Due to the low methodological quality of trials includ- ed, more RCTs of high quality in large scale are re- quired.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and long-term effects of the three therapies for regulating and reinforcing lung and kidney(reinforcing lung and invigorating spleen,reinforcing lung and replenishing kidney,and supp...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and long-term effects of the three therapies for regulating and reinforcing lung and kidney(reinforcing lung and invigorating spleen,reinforcing lung and replenishing kidney,and supplementing Qi and nourishing kidney) in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) on osteoporosis in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.METHODS:Totally 120 rats were randomly divided into control,model,Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,aminophyline groups.Repeated smoke inhalations and bacterial infections were used to duplicate the stable Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat model.Normal saline was given to the air control and model groups,while Bufeijianpi granule,Bufeiyishen granule,and Yiqizishen granule,and aminophylline were administrated to rats in the Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,and aminophylline groups respectively from weeks 9 through 20.Another 12 weeks without medicines to observe the long-term effect.Rats were sacrificed at week 20 and week 32.Bone mass density(BMD),bone mineral content(BMC),morphology of the femoral head,lung function,and levels of serum interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-a were detected.RESULTS:At weeks 20 and 32,tidal volume,peak expiratory flow and expiratory flow at 50% tidal volume in the three TCM-treated groups were higher than those in the model group(P < 0.05).Femur weight,BMD,and BMC were significantly higher in the three TCM-treated groups and the aminophylline-treated group compared with the model group(P < 0.01),except for BMC in the Yiqizishen-treated group at week 20.CONCLUSION:Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,and Yiqizishen granules show good effects in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,which can alleviate airflow limitations and inflammation,improve BMD and BMC of the femur,and have favorable long-term effects.展开更多
文摘Background To document the pharmacotherapy of chronic heart failure （CHF） and to evaluate the adherence to treatment guidelines in Australian population. Methods The pharmacological management of 677 patients （female 46.7%, 75.5 ±11.6 years） with CHF was retrospectively analyzed. Results The use of angiotensin converting enzyme （ACE） inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers （ARB） and β-blockers were 58.2 % and 34.7 %, respectively. Major reasons for non-use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs were hyperkalemia and elevated serum creatinine level. For patients who did not receive β-blockers, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the main contraindications. Treatment at or above target dosages for ACE inhibitors/ARBs and β-blockers was low for each medication （40.3% and 28.9%, respectively）. Conclusions Evidenced-based medical therapies for heart failure were under used in a rural patient population. Further studies are required to develop processes to improve the optimal use of heart failure medications.
文摘Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was increased obviously in rats after 3 days of normobaric hypoxic exposure and reached a maximum at 14 days of hypoxia. It remained at the same level during prolonged hypoxic exposure of up to 21 days. Right ventricular weight (RV/LV +S) and hydroxyproline (HP) content in the pulmonary artery began to increase at day 7. HP content had increased much faster than the relative rate of increase of PAP after 14 days, but HP content in the thoracic aorta showed no change. The relative proportion of type Ⅰto Ⅲ collagen increased singnificantly, and compliance of the pulmonary vessels obviously decreased. All parameters returned to the normal range within 14 days after recovery from hypoxia, except for HP content as expressed per vessel. 764-3 treatment obviously attenuated most of the changes caused by hypoxia, though it had no effect on compliance of the pulmonary vessels. It is suggested that collagen, especially type Ⅰcollagen, accumulation may play an important role in maintaining pulmonary hypertension. 764-3 has certain protective effects and may be useful in the treatment of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
基金Supported by Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, Ministry of Education ofChina (NO. IRT0977)
文摘OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the efficacy of Jianpi thera- py in Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） for treat- ment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） in stable phase by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS： The literatures concerning randomized controlled trials （RCTs） and quasi-RCTs comparing TCM treatment plus Western Medicine （WM） treat- ment with TCM alone, orTCM treatment vs no treatment, placebo for stable phase of COPD were searched in PubMed （1990-December 2010）, in Eng- lish and using Chinese National Knowledge Infra- structure （CNKI, 1990-December 2010）, Chinese Bio- medical Database （1990-December 2010）, Wang- fang Database （1990-December 2010）, and Weipu （VlP） Database in Chinese. The quality assessment and data extraction for RCTs were conducted by two reviewers independently. Jadad scale and allo-cation concealment were used to assess the quality of the included studies, and meta-analyses were conducted with the Collaboration＇s Revman 5.0 software. RESULTS： Seventeen RCTs or quasi-RCTs involving 1269 patients were included. The methodological quality was poor in all trials except one trial （Jadad score=4）. In the meta-analysis, TCM-WM treatment was significantly superior to WM treatment in cure rate [0R=3.82, 95%C/（2.45, 5.95）], and the effective rate between TCM treatment and placebo also had significant difference [0R=4.31, 95%C/（2.35, 7.91）]. Moreover, pulmonary function of the patients in TCM-WM group and TCM group was significantly improved [forced vital capacity （FVC）, P=O.01, quali- ty of life, P〈O.O01 ]. CONCLUSION： The experience in TCM-WM treat- ment of COPD in stable phase was encouraging. The current evidence shows that TCM-WM treat- ment might be more efficient in effective rate, qual- ity of life, and FVC than WM treatment alone. But for forced expiratory volume in one second （FEVl） and FEV1/FVC, no matter TCM-WM treatment com- pared with WM treatment alone or TCM treatment compared with placebo, there was no significant difference, with no obvious adverse reactions. Due to the low methodological quality of trials includ- ed, more RCTs of high quality in large scale are re- quired.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Fund of China(Influence and Long-Term Effects of Three Tiao-Bu Fei-Shen Therapies in Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Regulation of Multidimensional Molecular Network,No.81130062)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and long-term effects of the three therapies for regulating and reinforcing lung and kidney(reinforcing lung and invigorating spleen,reinforcing lung and replenishing kidney,and supplementing Qi and nourishing kidney) in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) on osteoporosis in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.METHODS:Totally 120 rats were randomly divided into control,model,Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,aminophyline groups.Repeated smoke inhalations and bacterial infections were used to duplicate the stable Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat model.Normal saline was given to the air control and model groups,while Bufeijianpi granule,Bufeiyishen granule,and Yiqizishen granule,and aminophylline were administrated to rats in the Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,Yiqizishen,and aminophylline groups respectively from weeks 9 through 20.Another 12 weeks without medicines to observe the long-term effect.Rats were sacrificed at week 20 and week 32.Bone mass density(BMD),bone mineral content(BMC),morphology of the femoral head,lung function,and levels of serum interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-a were detected.RESULTS:At weeks 20 and 32,tidal volume,peak expiratory flow and expiratory flow at 50% tidal volume in the three TCM-treated groups were higher than those in the model group(P < 0.05).Femur weight,BMD,and BMC were significantly higher in the three TCM-treated groups and the aminophylline-treated group compared with the model group(P < 0.01),except for BMC in the Yiqizishen-treated group at week 20.CONCLUSION:Bufeijianpi,Bufeiyishen,and Yiqizishen granules show good effects in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,which can alleviate airflow limitations and inflammation,improve BMD and BMC of the femur,and have favorable long-term effects.
