To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict coronary heart disease in women, as has been observed for men. To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict risk o...To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict coronary heart disease in women, as has been observed for men. To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict risk of stroke. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Setting and participants: 66 111 female nurses followed since 1976 who were born of singleton, term pregnancies and reported their birth weight in 1992. Main outcome measures: 1504 events of coronary- heart disease(myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death) and 1164 strokes. Results: For each kilogram of higher birth weight, age adjusted hazard ratios from prospective analysis were 0.77(95% confidence interval 0.69 to 0.87) for coronary heart disease and 0.89(0.78 to 1.01) for total stroke. In combined prospective and retrospective analysis, hazard ratios were 0.84(0.76 to 0.93) for total stroke, 0.83(0.71 to 0.96) for ischaemic stroke, and 0.86(0.66 to 1.11) for haemorrhagic stroke. Exclusion of macrosomic infants( > 4536 g)yielded stronger estimates. Risk of coronary heart disease was especially high for women who crossed from a low centile of weight at birth to a high centile of body mass index in adulthood. The association of lower birth weight with increased risk of stroke was apparent across categories of body mass index in adults and was not especially strong among heavier women. Conclusions: Higher body mass index in adulthood is an especially strong risk factor for coronary heart disease among women who were small at birth. In this large cohort of women, size at birth and adiposity in adulthood interacted to predict events of coronary-heart disease but not stroke events.展开更多
在发达国家,肥胖是儿童健康面临的主要公共卫生问题。目前,美国有30%以上的2~19岁儿童青少年超重,极度肥胖的发病率是1980年的3倍。研究证明,体力活动减少、静坐行为增加是成年期肥胖的独立预测因素,而童年期保持良好的体育活动和生活...在发达国家,肥胖是儿童健康面临的主要公共卫生问题。目前,美国有30%以上的2~19岁儿童青少年超重,极度肥胖的发病率是1980年的3倍。研究证明,体力活动减少、静坐行为增加是成年期肥胖的独立预测因素,而童年期保持良好的体育活动和生活方式能够防止成年期向心性肥胖的增加。为调查9个月体力活动干预对青春期前儿童心肺功能和肥胖的影响,美国伊利诺伊大学运动功能和社区卫生学系的Khan采用随机对照试验的方法,在伊利诺斯州东中部招募7所学校中的8~9岁儿童,参加为期9个月的课后体力活动研究试验（fitness improves thinking in kids,FITKids）。展开更多
文摘To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict coronary heart disease in women, as has been observed for men. To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict risk of stroke. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Setting and participants: 66 111 female nurses followed since 1976 who were born of singleton, term pregnancies and reported their birth weight in 1992. Main outcome measures: 1504 events of coronary- heart disease(myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death) and 1164 strokes. Results: For each kilogram of higher birth weight, age adjusted hazard ratios from prospective analysis were 0.77(95% confidence interval 0.69 to 0.87) for coronary heart disease and 0.89(0.78 to 1.01) for total stroke. In combined prospective and retrospective analysis, hazard ratios were 0.84(0.76 to 0.93) for total stroke, 0.83(0.71 to 0.96) for ischaemic stroke, and 0.86(0.66 to 1.11) for haemorrhagic stroke. Exclusion of macrosomic infants( > 4536 g)yielded stronger estimates. Risk of coronary heart disease was especially high for women who crossed from a low centile of weight at birth to a high centile of body mass index in adulthood. The association of lower birth weight with increased risk of stroke was apparent across categories of body mass index in adults and was not especially strong among heavier women. Conclusions: Higher body mass index in adulthood is an especially strong risk factor for coronary heart disease among women who were small at birth. In this large cohort of women, size at birth and adiposity in adulthood interacted to predict events of coronary-heart disease but not stroke events.
文摘在发达国家,肥胖是儿童健康面临的主要公共卫生问题。目前,美国有30%以上的2~19岁儿童青少年超重,极度肥胖的发病率是1980年的3倍。研究证明,体力活动减少、静坐行为增加是成年期肥胖的独立预测因素,而童年期保持良好的体育活动和生活方式能够防止成年期向心性肥胖的增加。为调查9个月体力活动干预对青春期前儿童心肺功能和肥胖的影响,美国伊利诺伊大学运动功能和社区卫生学系的Khan采用随机对照试验的方法,在伊利诺斯州东中部招募7所学校中的8~9岁儿童,参加为期9个月的课后体力活动研究试验（fitness improves thinking in kids,FITKids）。
