Field experiments were conducted during 2008-2010 to investigate the ef- fects of NPK fertilization on seed yield and economic benefit of a new hybrid cultivar of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) - Xiangzayou...Field experiments were conducted during 2008-2010 to investigate the ef- fects of NPK fertilization on seed yield and economic benefit of a new hybrid cultivar of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) - Xiangzayou763, and to determine the optimum NPK ratio and dose in Hunan, China. The results showed that NPK ratio (1:0.50:0.50) with 180 kg/hm2 N, 90 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 90 kg/hm2 K20 was the optimum combination for the highest seed yield (2 231.13 kg/hm2) and economic benefit (9 816.97 Yuan/hm2), of which 1 641.23 Yuan/hm2 being set for fertilizer in- vestment (VCR=4.11). Besides, the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on seed yield and oil production of winter oilseed rape were not identical. N had the greatest ef- fect on plant growth of winter oilseed rape, followed by P and K. Total leaf number, green leaf number, leaf length and width, rhizome diameter, branch number, dry weight per plant and other agronomic characters in high N treatments were higher than those in low N treatments. By correlation and path analysis of yield components, the contribution rate to seed yield was found: effective silique number per plant〉seed number per silique〉l 000-seed weight.展开更多
This research was conducted for 3 cropping seasons at Elobeid Research Station in Western Sudan. The objectives were to improve the irrigation water and soil management and crop yield by evaluating the response of sor...This research was conducted for 3 cropping seasons at Elobeid Research Station in Western Sudan. The objectives were to improve the irrigation water and soil management and crop yield by evaluating the response of sorghum crop to different supplementary irrigation regimes and soil amendments management in flood basin irrigated scheme. The existing flood irrigation practice was basically conducive to late planting, weed growth, late season water stress and pest and diseases attack. Four levels of each irrigation regimes and farm yard manure (FYM) treatments arranged in split-plot design were tested. Rainfall, field capacity, irrigation water added, profile water content, plant height, yield components and water use efficiency were measured. Grain yield was significantly increased (p 〈 0,01) with irrigation treatments where 1919, 1870 and 878 kg/ha were obtained for one, two and no irrigation treatments, respectively. The 3 irrigations treatment has produced relatively lower grain yield (1679 kg/ha). FYM treatment up to 4-8 t/ha showed increase in grain yield. Water added in 1, 2 and 3 irrigation treatments amounts to 4475, 5302 and 6035 m3/ha, respectively which supplmented the rainfall by 23%, 45% and 65%, respectively. Water use efficiency was greater with 1 and 2 irrigation treatments and 4 t/ha FYM which reached 0.43, 0.35 and 0.28 kg/m3, respectively. The result concludes that providing supplementary irrigation from crop establishment to mid season was found sufficient to improve crop productivity.展开更多
Self-dealing refers to all kinds of transactions and operations diverting value from a company to corporate controllers. In order to tackle self-dealing, academics and regulators have emphasised the legal tools. Howev...Self-dealing refers to all kinds of transactions and operations diverting value from a company to corporate controllers. In order to tackle self-dealing, academics and regulators have emphasised the legal tools. However, there is a divergence between those supporting the existence of a benchmark model towards which to converge (convergence hypothesis) and those underscoring the importance of socio-economic factors on the efficacy of governance rules (path-dependency view). The aim of this paper is to join in the convergence vs. path-dependency debate by focusing on the efficiency of mandatory rules and investigating their effectiveness. Considering the current market integration, the traditional cost-benefit analysis has been extended in order to embrace costs specifically associated to the issue of domestic rules in a global scenario. This analysis supports the convergence view and encourages at least a partial and gradual adjustment of national legislations towards the prevailing Anglo-Saxon model. In order to test this hypothesis, an examination of the self-dealing regulatory (on conflict of interests and self-dealing) adopted in some Western (Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (UK)) and Eastern (Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland) European countries has been conducted.展开更多
基金Supported by the Youth Fund of Orient Science and Technology College,Hunan Agricultural University(14QNZ09)Cultivation Physiology Station of National Technical System in Rape Industrial,National Key Technology Support Program(2012BAD15B04,2010BAD01B01)+1 种基金Special Fund of Government in Hunan Province,National Natural Science Foundation of China(31071851,31101596,3132130)Open Fund Project of Innovation Platform in Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province(12K064)
文摘Field experiments were conducted during 2008-2010 to investigate the ef- fects of NPK fertilization on seed yield and economic benefit of a new hybrid cultivar of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) - Xiangzayou763, and to determine the optimum NPK ratio and dose in Hunan, China. The results showed that NPK ratio (1:0.50:0.50) with 180 kg/hm2 N, 90 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 90 kg/hm2 K20 was the optimum combination for the highest seed yield (2 231.13 kg/hm2) and economic benefit (9 816.97 Yuan/hm2), of which 1 641.23 Yuan/hm2 being set for fertilizer in- vestment (VCR=4.11). Besides, the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on seed yield and oil production of winter oilseed rape were not identical. N had the greatest ef- fect on plant growth of winter oilseed rape, followed by P and K. Total leaf number, green leaf number, leaf length and width, rhizome diameter, branch number, dry weight per plant and other agronomic characters in high N treatments were higher than those in low N treatments. By correlation and path analysis of yield components, the contribution rate to seed yield was found: effective silique number per plant〉seed number per silique〉l 000-seed weight.
文摘This research was conducted for 3 cropping seasons at Elobeid Research Station in Western Sudan. The objectives were to improve the irrigation water and soil management and crop yield by evaluating the response of sorghum crop to different supplementary irrigation regimes and soil amendments management in flood basin irrigated scheme. The existing flood irrigation practice was basically conducive to late planting, weed growth, late season water stress and pest and diseases attack. Four levels of each irrigation regimes and farm yard manure (FYM) treatments arranged in split-plot design were tested. Rainfall, field capacity, irrigation water added, profile water content, plant height, yield components and water use efficiency were measured. Grain yield was significantly increased (p 〈 0,01) with irrigation treatments where 1919, 1870 and 878 kg/ha were obtained for one, two and no irrigation treatments, respectively. The 3 irrigations treatment has produced relatively lower grain yield (1679 kg/ha). FYM treatment up to 4-8 t/ha showed increase in grain yield. Water added in 1, 2 and 3 irrigation treatments amounts to 4475, 5302 and 6035 m3/ha, respectively which supplmented the rainfall by 23%, 45% and 65%, respectively. Water use efficiency was greater with 1 and 2 irrigation treatments and 4 t/ha FYM which reached 0.43, 0.35 and 0.28 kg/m3, respectively. The result concludes that providing supplementary irrigation from crop establishment to mid season was found sufficient to improve crop productivity.
文摘Self-dealing refers to all kinds of transactions and operations diverting value from a company to corporate controllers. In order to tackle self-dealing, academics and regulators have emphasised the legal tools. However, there is a divergence between those supporting the existence of a benchmark model towards which to converge (convergence hypothesis) and those underscoring the importance of socio-economic factors on the efficacy of governance rules (path-dependency view). The aim of this paper is to join in the convergence vs. path-dependency debate by focusing on the efficiency of mandatory rules and investigating their effectiveness. Considering the current market integration, the traditional cost-benefit analysis has been extended in order to embrace costs specifically associated to the issue of domestic rules in a global scenario. This analysis supports the convergence view and encourages at least a partial and gradual adjustment of national legislations towards the prevailing Anglo-Saxon model. In order to test this hypothesis, an examination of the self-dealing regulatory (on conflict of interests and self-dealing) adopted in some Western (Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (UK)) and Eastern (Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland) European countries has been conducted.