Tropical cyclones(TCs)in the South China Sea(SCS)cause serious disasters and loss every year to the coastal and inland areas of southern China.The types of TCs are usually difficult to forecast,and studies on the unde...Tropical cyclones(TCs)in the South China Sea(SCS)cause serious disasters and loss every year to the coastal and inland areas of southern China.The types of TCs are usually difficult to forecast,and studies on the understanding of the TCs affecting the SCS are lacking.In this study,the authors use the TC data during 1965–2017 from two best-track datasets to analyse the climatic characteristics in terms of the frequency,the track activity,and the influencing indexes of the TCs affecting the SCS and investigate the possible causes.The results show that,during 1965–2017,there were 535 TCs affecting the SCS,mainly occurring from June to November of each year,with the annual average frequency exhibiting a significant downward trend.Meanwhile,the frequency of the track activity in most areas of the SCS also demonstrate a remarkable decreasing trend but an increase in the Gulf of Tonkin and the Taiwan Strait.The large-scale environmental anomalous westerlies and the decrease of humidity in the mid-and low-level over the northern part of the SCS are likely the main causes for the decrease in frequency and the track activity.In addition,the analysis using the cyclone activity index shows that the influence of the before mentioned TCs in southern China gradually decreases,while the influence of TCs in the SCS show a decreasing trend during past decades.展开更多
Research indicates that high levels of sedentary behavior(sitting or lying with low energy expenditure) are adversely associated with health. A key factor in improving our understanding of the impact of sedentary beha...Research indicates that high levels of sedentary behavior(sitting or lying with low energy expenditure) are adversely associated with health. A key factor in improving our understanding of the impact of sedentary behavior(and patterns of sedentary time accumulation) on health is the use of objective measurement tools that collect date and time-stamped activity information. One such tool is the activP AL monitor. This thigh-worn device uses accelerometer-derived information about thigh position to determine the start and end of each period spent sitting/lying, standing, and stepping, as well as stepping speed, step counts, and postural transitions. The activP AL is increasingly being used within field-based research for its ability to measure sitting/lying via posture. We summarise key issues to consider when using the activP AL in physical activity and sedentary behavior field-based research with adult populations. It is intended that the findings and discussion points be informative for researchers who are currently using activP AL monitors or are intending to use them. Pre-data collection decisions, monitor preparation and distribution, data collection considerations, and manual and automated data processing possibilities are presented using examples from current literature and experiences from 2 research groups from the UK and Australia.展开更多
Field establishment of cashew has been seriously hampered by long delay in the nursery. This has led to transplanting of overgrown seedlings resulting in high transplant mortality, especially during the first dry seas...Field establishment of cashew has been seriously hampered by long delay in the nursery. This has led to transplanting of overgrown seedlings resulting in high transplant mortality, especially during the first dry season on the field. The experiment was set up to study field establishment of cashew transplants as affected by the nursery periods. Four nursery periods were tried. These were cashew transplanted at 3, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after sowing （WAS）. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block with three replicates. Records were taken on morphological parameters and survival percentage of the transplants till fruiting. Cashew seedlings transplanted at 12 WAS had better morphological plant parameters compared to other transplants. At 3 months after transplanting （MAT）, cashew transplants of 12 WAS were 172.6%, 93.7% and 38.5% taller than transplants of 3, 4 and 8 WAS, respectively and the differences were significant （P 〈 0.05）. Similarly, seedlings transplanted at 12 WAS had 245.4%, ! 51.9% and 99.4% more leaves than those of 3, 4 and 8 WAS at 3 MAT, respectively. However, the survival percent of cashew seedlings transplanted at 12 WAS were 66.7% followed by that of 3 WAS with 75.0% within 12 MAT. No transplant mortality was incurred in seedlings transplanted at 4 and 8 WAS up to 12 MAT. For optimum growth and high survival rate, transplanting cashew seedlings between 4 and 8 WAS will be encouraged so as to have high plant stands, thereby, reducing supply in the following planting season.展开更多
The spindle behavior and MPF activity changes in the progression of oocyte maturation were investigated and compared with cytological observation and kinase assay between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimicti...The spindle behavior and MPF activity changes in the progression of oocyte maturation were investigated and compared with cytological observation and kinase assay between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimictic colored crucian carp. MPF activity was measured by using histone H1 as phosphorylation substrate. There were two similar oscillatory MPF kinase activity changes during oocyte maturation in two kinds of fishes with different reproductive modes, but there existed some subtle difference between them. The subtle difference was that the first peak of MPF kinase activity was kept to a longerlasting time in the gynogenetic silver crucian carp than in the amphimictic colored crucian carp. It was suggested that the difference may be related to the spindle behavior changes, such as tripolar spindle formation and spindle rearrangement in the gynogenetic crucian carp.展开更多
Objective： The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of bladder preserving approach transurethral resection （TURBT） with additional intravesicel instillation versus immediate cystectomy in patien...Objective： The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of bladder preserving approach transurethral resection （TURBT） with additional intravesicel instillation versus immediate cystectomy in patients with newly diagnosed stage T1G3 bladder cancer. Methods： Clinical data of patients with newly diagnosed T1G3 bladder cancer underwent immediate cystectomy （Group A） or TURBT with additional intravesical instillation （Group B） was collected from online databases. Meta-analysis that recommended by Cochrane Collaboration was done for the data obtained. Publication bias was examined using a funnel plot. Results： Four trails, including 434 patients, were eligible for this study. The general mortality rate of group A （74/149 = 49.7%） and group B （102/285 = 35.8%） was calculated and compared in RevMan 4.2, which showed the difference on general mortality rate between the two groups was not statistical significant, with the pooled RR = 1.23 （95% CI 1.10-1.70, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Compared with TURBT, immediate cystectomy may not reduce the general mortality rate to improve the forward survival rate.展开更多
基金This work was jointly supported by General Project of Technological Innovation and Application Demonstration of Chongqing Municipality[cstc2018jscx-msybX0165]Special Project for Development of Key Technology for Meteorological Forecast Service of China Meteorological Administration[YBGJXM(2018)04-08]+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China[41875111]Innovation Team Project of Intelligent Meteorological Technology of Chongqing Meteorological Bureau[ZHCXTD-201804].
文摘Tropical cyclones(TCs)in the South China Sea(SCS)cause serious disasters and loss every year to the coastal and inland areas of southern China.The types of TCs are usually difficult to forecast,and studies on the understanding of the TCs affecting the SCS are lacking.In this study,the authors use the TC data during 1965–2017 from two best-track datasets to analyse the climatic characteristics in terms of the frequency,the track activity,and the influencing indexes of the TCs affecting the SCS and investigate the possible causes.The results show that,during 1965–2017,there were 535 TCs affecting the SCS,mainly occurring from June to November of each year,with the annual average frequency exhibiting a significant downward trend.Meanwhile,the frequency of the track activity in most areas of the SCS also demonstrate a remarkable decreasing trend but an increase in the Gulf of Tonkin and the Taiwan Strait.The large-scale environmental anomalous westerlies and the decrease of humidity in the mid-and low-level over the northern part of the SCS are likely the main causes for the decrease in frequency and the track activity.In addition,the analysis using the cyclone activity index shows that the influence of the before mentioned TCs in southern China gradually decreases,while the influence of TCs in the SCS show a decreasing trend during past decades.
基金supported by the National Institute for Health Researsch (NIHR) DietLifestyle & Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit based at University Hospitals of Leicester and Loughborough University+5 种基金the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care-East Midlands (NIHR CLAHRC- EM)the Leicester Clinical Trials Unitsupported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence Grant on Sitting Time and Chronic Disease Prevention-Measurement, Mechanisms and Interventions (APP1057608)supported by a Heart Foundation Postdoctoral (PH 12B 7054)NHMRC Career Development (#1086029) Fellowshipsupported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FTE 100100918)
文摘Research indicates that high levels of sedentary behavior(sitting or lying with low energy expenditure) are adversely associated with health. A key factor in improving our understanding of the impact of sedentary behavior(and patterns of sedentary time accumulation) on health is the use of objective measurement tools that collect date and time-stamped activity information. One such tool is the activP AL monitor. This thigh-worn device uses accelerometer-derived information about thigh position to determine the start and end of each period spent sitting/lying, standing, and stepping, as well as stepping speed, step counts, and postural transitions. The activP AL is increasingly being used within field-based research for its ability to measure sitting/lying via posture. We summarise key issues to consider when using the activP AL in physical activity and sedentary behavior field-based research with adult populations. It is intended that the findings and discussion points be informative for researchers who are currently using activP AL monitors or are intending to use them. Pre-data collection decisions, monitor preparation and distribution, data collection considerations, and manual and automated data processing possibilities are presented using examples from current literature and experiences from 2 research groups from the UK and Australia.
文摘Field establishment of cashew has been seriously hampered by long delay in the nursery. This has led to transplanting of overgrown seedlings resulting in high transplant mortality, especially during the first dry season on the field. The experiment was set up to study field establishment of cashew transplants as affected by the nursery periods. Four nursery periods were tried. These were cashew transplanted at 3, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after sowing （WAS）. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block with three replicates. Records were taken on morphological parameters and survival percentage of the transplants till fruiting. Cashew seedlings transplanted at 12 WAS had better morphological plant parameters compared to other transplants. At 3 months after transplanting （MAT）, cashew transplants of 12 WAS were 172.6%, 93.7% and 38.5% taller than transplants of 3, 4 and 8 WAS, respectively and the differences were significant （P 〈 0.05）. Similarly, seedlings transplanted at 12 WAS had 245.4%, ! 51.9% and 99.4% more leaves than those of 3, 4 and 8 WAS at 3 MAT, respectively. However, the survival percent of cashew seedlings transplanted at 12 WAS were 66.7% followed by that of 3 WAS with 75.0% within 12 MAT. No transplant mortality was incurred in seedlings transplanted at 4 and 8 WAS up to 12 MAT. For optimum growth and high survival rate, transplanting cashew seedlings between 4 and 8 WAS will be encouraged so as to have high plant stands, thereby, reducing supply in the following planting season.
文摘The spindle behavior and MPF activity changes in the progression of oocyte maturation were investigated and compared with cytological observation and kinase assay between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimictic colored crucian carp. MPF activity was measured by using histone H1 as phosphorylation substrate. There were two similar oscillatory MPF kinase activity changes during oocyte maturation in two kinds of fishes with different reproductive modes, but there existed some subtle difference between them. The subtle difference was that the first peak of MPF kinase activity was kept to a longerlasting time in the gynogenetic silver crucian carp than in the amphimictic colored crucian carp. It was suggested that the difference may be related to the spindle behavior changes, such as tripolar spindle formation and spindle rearrangement in the gynogenetic crucian carp.
文摘Objective： The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of bladder preserving approach transurethral resection （TURBT） with additional intravesicel instillation versus immediate cystectomy in patients with newly diagnosed stage T1G3 bladder cancer. Methods： Clinical data of patients with newly diagnosed T1G3 bladder cancer underwent immediate cystectomy （Group A） or TURBT with additional intravesical instillation （Group B） was collected from online databases. Meta-analysis that recommended by Cochrane Collaboration was done for the data obtained. Publication bias was examined using a funnel plot. Results： Four trails, including 434 patients, were eligible for this study. The general mortality rate of group A （74/149 = 49.7%） and group B （102/285 = 35.8%） was calculated and compared in RevMan 4.2, which showed the difference on general mortality rate between the two groups was not statistical significant, with the pooled RR = 1.23 （95% CI 1.10-1.70, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Compared with TURBT, immediate cystectomy may not reduce the general mortality rate to improve the forward survival rate.
