The USA is one of the very developed countries with entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities.After more than half a century of development,it has reached a mature stage,and the formation of the concept ...The USA is one of the very developed countries with entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities.After more than half a century of development,it has reached a mature stage,and the formation of the concept of entrepreneurial education has advanced.In this paper, through the analysis of entrepreneurship education thought by Jeffrey Timmons as the representative of the America University entrepreneurship education idea, it finds out the Puritan culture factors,in order to better understand the basis and provides the reference of college enterprise education in China.展开更多
In vitro maturation(IVM), the maturation in culture of immature oocytes, has been used in clinic for more than 20 years.Although IVM has the specific advantages of low cost and minor side effects over controlled ovari...In vitro maturation(IVM), the maturation in culture of immature oocytes, has been used in clinic for more than 20 years.Although IVM has the specific advantages of low cost and minor side effects over controlled ovarian stimulation, the prevalence of IVM is less than 1% of routine in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer techniques in many reproductive centers. In this review, we searched the MEDLINE database for all full texts and/or abstract articles published in English with content related to oocyte IVM mainly between 2000 and 2016. Many different aspects of the IVM method may influence oocyte potential,including priming, gonadotrophin, growth factors, and culture times. The culture conditions of IVM result in alterations in the oocyte or cumulus cell transcriptome that are not observed under in vivo culture conditions. Additionally, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation or acetylation, are also different between in vitro and in vivo cultured oocytes. In sum,current IVM technique is still not popular and requires more systematic and intensive research to improve its effects and applications. This review will help point our problems, supply evidence or clues for future improving IVM technique, thus assist patients for fertility treatment or preservation as an additional option.展开更多
To investigate the development regularity, treatment methods and prognosis of ovary immature teratoma (POIT) Methods Sixty seven patients with POIT, admitted from 1958 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed There...To investigate the development regularity, treatment methods and prognosis of ovary immature teratoma (POIT) Methods Sixty seven patients with POIT, admitted from 1958 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed There were 31 patients with stage Ⅰ, 4 with stage Ⅱ, 2 with stage Ⅲ and 1 with stage Ⅳ lesions Twenty seven patients had recurrences and 2 had distant metastases Unilateral adnexectomy was performed for stage Ⅰ lesions From the 1980s, this was followed by four cycles of combination chemotherapy (VAC, PVB or BEP×3 cycles) as post operative adjuvant therapy Combined chemotherapy and multiple operations were performed for advanced and recurrent lesions Results The overall survival rate was 75% (50/67) However, there was a remarkable difference in the results from the various periods From 1958 to 1983, the 5 year survival rate was 40% (6/15), and it was raised to 79% (26/33) from 1984 to 1993 In the period 1994 to 1998, 95% (18/19)of patients were rescued Thirty five patients who had early lesions (stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ) had a 5 year survival rate of 91 4% (32/35) Thirty two patients with recurrent or advanced lesions had a 5 years survival rate of 56% (18/32) There were 8 patients with grade Ⅲ tumors and their 5 year survival rate was only 25% (2/8) The chief prognostic factors for this disease are clinical stage, pathological grade and adequate treatment Conclusion POIT is a potentially curable disease in today’s practice It is characterized by the fact that recurrent tumors may be converted back to mature ones as time goes on With chemotherapy, these is a good opportunity to rescue those patients with recurrent tumors At present, treatment of POIT gives the most satisfactory results among all malignant ovarian germ cell tumor types Tests of serum specific tumor markers (CA19 9, AFP, CA125, CEA) performed preoperatively or before chemotherapy and during follow up have been found helpful in the evaluation of prognosis展开更多
文摘The USA is one of the very developed countries with entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities.After more than half a century of development,it has reached a mature stage,and the formation of the concept of entrepreneurial education has advanced.In this paper, through the analysis of entrepreneurship education thought by Jeffrey Timmons as the representative of the America University entrepreneurship education idea, it finds out the Puritan culture factors,in order to better understand the basis and provides the reference of college enterprise education in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81300456)the Joint Research Fund for Overseas Natural Science of China(31429004)
文摘In vitro maturation(IVM), the maturation in culture of immature oocytes, has been used in clinic for more than 20 years.Although IVM has the specific advantages of low cost and minor side effects over controlled ovarian stimulation, the prevalence of IVM is less than 1% of routine in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer techniques in many reproductive centers. In this review, we searched the MEDLINE database for all full texts and/or abstract articles published in English with content related to oocyte IVM mainly between 2000 and 2016. Many different aspects of the IVM method may influence oocyte potential,including priming, gonadotrophin, growth factors, and culture times. The culture conditions of IVM result in alterations in the oocyte or cumulus cell transcriptome that are not observed under in vivo culture conditions. Additionally, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation or acetylation, are also different between in vitro and in vivo cultured oocytes. In sum,current IVM technique is still not popular and requires more systematic and intensive research to improve its effects and applications. This review will help point our problems, supply evidence or clues for future improving IVM technique, thus assist patients for fertility treatment or preservation as an additional option.
文摘To investigate the development regularity, treatment methods and prognosis of ovary immature teratoma (POIT) Methods Sixty seven patients with POIT, admitted from 1958 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed There were 31 patients with stage Ⅰ, 4 with stage Ⅱ, 2 with stage Ⅲ and 1 with stage Ⅳ lesions Twenty seven patients had recurrences and 2 had distant metastases Unilateral adnexectomy was performed for stage Ⅰ lesions From the 1980s, this was followed by four cycles of combination chemotherapy (VAC, PVB or BEP×3 cycles) as post operative adjuvant therapy Combined chemotherapy and multiple operations were performed for advanced and recurrent lesions Results The overall survival rate was 75% (50/67) However, there was a remarkable difference in the results from the various periods From 1958 to 1983, the 5 year survival rate was 40% (6/15), and it was raised to 79% (26/33) from 1984 to 1993 In the period 1994 to 1998, 95% (18/19)of patients were rescued Thirty five patients who had early lesions (stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ) had a 5 year survival rate of 91 4% (32/35) Thirty two patients with recurrent or advanced lesions had a 5 years survival rate of 56% (18/32) There were 8 patients with grade Ⅲ tumors and their 5 year survival rate was only 25% (2/8) The chief prognostic factors for this disease are clinical stage, pathological grade and adequate treatment Conclusion POIT is a potentially curable disease in today’s practice It is characterized by the fact that recurrent tumors may be converted back to mature ones as time goes on With chemotherapy, these is a good opportunity to rescue those patients with recurrent tumors At present, treatment of POIT gives the most satisfactory results among all malignant ovarian germ cell tumor types Tests of serum specific tumor markers (CA19 9, AFP, CA125, CEA) performed preoperatively or before chemotherapy and during follow up have been found helpful in the evaluation of prognosis
