According to the survey of Guangdong mangrove resource in 2001 and authors field investigations in the past 5 years, the total mature mangrove land area of Guangdong Province was estimated at 9084 hm2, accounting for ...According to the survey of Guangdong mangrove resource in 2001 and authors field investigations in the past 5 years, the total mature mangrove land area of Guangdong Province was estimated at 9084 hm2, accounting for 41.4% of total mangrove land area of China. These mangrove forests totally consisted of 50 species belonging to 28 families, distributed at more than 100 locations along the coastlines of Guangdong and most of them present a high dense and dwarf appearance. The Ass. Avicennia marina is the most dominant mangrove association. The investigation results showed that the mangrove forests with coverage rates above 0.7 accounted for 68.0% of the total mangrove land area of the province and 77.8% of mangrove forests was less than 2 m in tree height. Since 1950, 54.6% of mangrove forests have disappeared due to paddy rice reclaim, aquaculture and city constructions. Derivational conservation efforts are still weakly empowered and should be strengthened intensively. The author suggested that mangrove laws and regulations should be enforced, mangrove scientific research should be strengthened; and mangrove conservation awareness of local community should be raised on conservation of mangroves.展开更多
Data mining is the process of extracting implicit but potentially useful information from incomplete, noisy, and fuzzy data. Data mining offers excellent nonlinear modeling and self-organized learning, and it can play...Data mining is the process of extracting implicit but potentially useful information from incomplete, noisy, and fuzzy data. Data mining offers excellent nonlinear modeling and self-organized learning, and it can play a vital role in the interpretation of well logging data of complex reservoirs. We used data mining to identify the lithologies in a complex reservoir. The reservoir lithologies served as the classification task target and were identified using feature extraction, feature selection, and modeling of data streams. We used independent component analysis to extract information from well curves. We then used the branch-and- bound algorithm to look for the optimal feature subsets and eliminate redundant information. Finally, we used the C5.0 decision-tree algorithm to set up disaggregated models of the well logging curves. The modeling and actual logging data were in good agreement, showing the usefulness of data mining methods in complex reservoirs.展开更多
This letter presents a novel approach for the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) stereo imaging based on the Capon spectrum estimation technique. In order to deal with nonuniform sampling space and lead to super resolutio...This letter presents a novel approach for the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) stereo imaging based on the Capon spectrum estimation technique. In order to deal with nonuniform sampling space and lead to super resolution in the elevation direction, Capon approach is used to focus the SAR data on a certain height. Results obtained on simulated data demonstrate the feasibility of the Capon based algorithm. Compared with the classical Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the Capon based algo-rithm shows better resolution quality.展开更多
A statistical signal processing technique was proposed and verified as independent component analysis(ICA) for fault detection and diagnosis of industrial systems without exact and detailed model.Actually,the aim is t...A statistical signal processing technique was proposed and verified as independent component analysis(ICA) for fault detection and diagnosis of industrial systems without exact and detailed model.Actually,the aim is to utilize system as a black box.The system studied is condenser system of one of MAPNA's power plants.At first,principal component analysis(PCA) approach was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the real acquired data set and to identify the essential and useful ones.Then,the fault sources were diagnosed by ICA technique.The results show that ICA approach is valid and effective for faults detection and diagnosis even in noisy states,and it can distinguish main factors of abnormality among many diverse parts of a power plant's condenser system.This selectivity problem is left unsolved in many plants,because the main factors often become unnoticed by fault expansion through other parts of the plants.展开更多
Glufosinate-ammonium is a highly efficient, non-selective herbicide. The former synthesis schemes of glufosinate-ammonium were introduced and analyzed, the main of which are Arbuzov synthesis method, method under cata...Glufosinate-ammonium is a highly efficient, non-selective herbicide. The former synthesis schemes of glufosinate-ammonium were introduced and analyzed, the main of which are Arbuzov synthesis method, method under catalyzer and high pressure, targeted method under low temperature, Gabriel synthesis method, Zelinsky-Strecher synthetic method, synthetic method with chiral-synthon, and several special methods such as with enzyme or stereochemistry. Based on the structure and synthesis characteristic of glufosinate-ammonium as well as Arbuzov reaction and Michael reaction, a novel and reasonable scheme, which was named Arbuzov-Michael method, was put forward as the more economical one with simpler raw reagents and less waste.展开更多
In response to horror stories throughout the country concerning childhood deaths from sniffing model airplane glue, organizations around Louisiana would begin lobbying for legislation to criminalize the practice in 19...In response to horror stories throughout the country concerning childhood deaths from sniffing model airplane glue, organizations around Louisiana would begin lobbying for legislation to criminalize the practice in 1966. State lawmakers spent much of that summer crafting an anti-glue-sniffing measure for the state. The debates that resulted from the attempt, however, never really focused on the sustainability or practical use of such a law, but instead on the kind of law it would ultimately be -- whether, for example, retailers would be liable for selling glue to minors, even though model airplanes and other kits and toys required such items. Or whether the ingredients in model airplane glue could be classed as schedule one narcotics. Such questions ultimately framed a debate about the fundamental nature of the offense being committed. Ultimately, （unlike other Deep South states） Louisiana decided that sniffing glue was not a drug crime. Instead, it was a problem that affected ＂the health and morals of minors＂.展开更多
An analysis applied to an existing building considering the whole service life, regulated or, if any, measured, of energy/technological upgrading action does not only require initial investments to be taken into accou...An analysis applied to an existing building considering the whole service life, regulated or, if any, measured, of energy/technological upgrading action does not only require initial investments to be taken into account. Of course, such investments are significant and will have to be considered at a first stage, but it is not the only aspect to be considered. Provisions of Construction Procurement Guidance, No.7 Whole Life Costs state： ＂All procurement must be made solely on the basis of value for money in terms of the optimum combination of global costs--and not only initial investment costs--and quality to meet the user＇s requirements＂.展开更多
An approach combining optimal antenna subset selection with blind detection scheme for Orthogonal Space-Time Block Coding (OSTBC) is proposed in this paper. The optimal antenna sub- set selection is taken into account...An approach combining optimal antenna subset selection with blind detection scheme for Orthogonal Space-Time Block Coding (OSTBC) is proposed in this paper. The optimal antenna sub- set selection is taken into account at transmitter and/or receiver sides, which chooses the optimal an- tennas to increase the diversity order of OSTBC and improve further its performance. In order to en- hance the robustness of the detection used in the conventional OSTBC scheme, a blind detection scheme based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is exploited which can directly extract transmitted signals without channel estimation. Performance analysis shows that the proposed ap- proach can achieve the full diversity and the flexibility of system design by using the antenna selec-tion and the ICA based blind detection schemes.展开更多
It has always been very important throughout the centuries for legislative institutions and police organizations to watch over different media and genres as instruments of conspiracy of criminals, members of organized...It has always been very important throughout the centuries for legislative institutions and police organizations to watch over different media and genres as instruments of conspiracy of criminals, members of organized crime, and terroristic groups in order to recognize conspiracy contents and to evaluate them systematically （intelligence work）. With the help of special methods-design, it is possible to analyze the functions and strategies of this specific sometimes open or undercover used languages of Rotwelsch, Argot, Fenya, terrorist and Jihadi groups. A very significant example is the history of Jihadi Internet as a cyber-planning tool： single websites （until 2001）, expansion and professionalization （2001-2007） and severe surveillance, distrust and new social media （after 2008 especially because of 9/11）. Since it has become clear that the National Security Agency （NSA） conducts severe intelligence research in the field of E-mail-traffic and chats, the demand of crypto-programs has grown. It is better in this situation to return to face-to-face-communication. Legislative institutions and police have to study these functions and strategies in order to practice the best fitting counter-action against crime and terrorism.展开更多
The hydrotalcite-like compound [Zn2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O and [Mg2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O （shorted as ZnA1-NO3 and MgAl-NO3） was intercalated with the chelating agent EDTA （Ethylenediaminetetraacetic...The hydrotalcite-like compound [Zn2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O and [Mg2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O （shorted as ZnA1-NO3 and MgAl-NO3） was intercalated with the chelating agent EDTA （Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid） and EDDS （N, N＇-1, 2-Ethanediylbis-1-Aspartic Acid） by anion exchange. The materials synthesized in this work were characterized by chemical analysis, FT-IR （Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy）, SEM （Scanning Electron Microscopy） and XRD （Powder X-ray Diffraction） to confirm their properties. In order to discuss the adsorption capacity of LDHs （Layered Double Hydroxides）, the adsorption experiment was investigated under the optimum condition （10 mg, 25℃ and 100 μg·L-1）. The amount of metallic ions adsorbed by LDHs intercalated with EDTA and precursor LDHs were determined by ICP-AES （Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry） and AAS （Atomic Absorption Spectrometry）. The intercalation of EDTA leads to improve the adsorption capacity of LDHs. LDHs intercalated with chelating agents have generally high affinity for removing metallic ions, and they can be efficient adsorbents for metallic ions.展开更多
The fixed-point algorithm and infomax algorithm are two of the most popular algorithms in independent component analysis(ICA).However,it is hard to take both stability and speed into consideration in processing functi...The fixed-point algorithm and infomax algorithm are two of the most popular algorithms in independent component analysis(ICA).However,it is hard to take both stability and speed into consideration in processing functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)data.In this paper,an optimization model for ICA is presented and an improved fixed-point algorithm based on the model is proposed.In the new algorithms a small step size is added to increase the stability.In order to accelerate the convergence,an improvement on Newton method is made,which makes cubic convergence for the new algorithm.Applying the algorithm and two other algorithms to invivo fMRI data,the results show that the new algorithm separates independent components stably,which has faster convergence speed and less computation than the other two algorithms.The algorithm has obvious advantage in processing fMRI signal with huge data.展开更多
Abstract A brain network consisting of two key parietal nodes, the precuneus and the posterior cingulate cortex, has emerged from recent fMRI studies. Though it is anatomically adjacent to and spatially overlaps with ...Abstract A brain network consisting of two key parietal nodes, the precuneus and the posterior cingulate cortex, has emerged from recent fMRI studies. Though it is anatomically adjacent to and spatially overlaps with the default mode network （DMN）, its function has been associated with memory processing, and it has been referred to as the parietal memory network （PMN）. Independent component analysis （ICA） is the most common data-driven method used to extract PMN and DMN simultaneously. However, the effects of data preprocessing and parameter determi- nation in ICA on PMN-DMN segregation are completely unknown. Here, we employ three typical algorithms of group ICA to assess how spatial smoothing and model order influence the degree of PMN-DMN segregation. Our findings indicate that PMN and DMN can only be stably separated using a combination of low-level spatial smoothing and high model order across the three ICA algorithms. We thus argue for more considerations on parametric settings for interpreting DMN data.展开更多
文摘According to the survey of Guangdong mangrove resource in 2001 and authors field investigations in the past 5 years, the total mature mangrove land area of Guangdong Province was estimated at 9084 hm2, accounting for 41.4% of total mangrove land area of China. These mangrove forests totally consisted of 50 species belonging to 28 families, distributed at more than 100 locations along the coastlines of Guangdong and most of them present a high dense and dwarf appearance. The Ass. Avicennia marina is the most dominant mangrove association. The investigation results showed that the mangrove forests with coverage rates above 0.7 accounted for 68.0% of the total mangrove land area of the province and 77.8% of mangrove forests was less than 2 m in tree height. Since 1950, 54.6% of mangrove forests have disappeared due to paddy rice reclaim, aquaculture and city constructions. Derivational conservation efforts are still weakly empowered and should be strengthened intensively. The author suggested that mangrove laws and regulations should be enforced, mangrove scientific research should be strengthened; and mangrove conservation awareness of local community should be raised on conservation of mangroves.
基金sponsored by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2011ZX05023-005-006)
文摘Data mining is the process of extracting implicit but potentially useful information from incomplete, noisy, and fuzzy data. Data mining offers excellent nonlinear modeling and self-organized learning, and it can play a vital role in the interpretation of well logging data of complex reservoirs. We used data mining to identify the lithologies in a complex reservoir. The reservoir lithologies served as the classification task target and were identified using feature extraction, feature selection, and modeling of data streams. We used independent component analysis to extract information from well curves. We then used the branch-and- bound algorithm to look for the optimal feature subsets and eliminate redundant information. Finally, we used the C5.0 decision-tree algorithm to set up disaggregated models of the well logging curves. The modeling and actual logging data were in good agreement, showing the usefulness of data mining methods in complex reservoirs.
文摘This letter presents a novel approach for the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) stereo imaging based on the Capon spectrum estimation technique. In order to deal with nonuniform sampling space and lead to super resolution in the elevation direction, Capon approach is used to focus the SAR data on a certain height. Results obtained on simulated data demonstrate the feasibility of the Capon based algorithm. Compared with the classical Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the Capon based algo-rithm shows better resolution quality.
基金Project(217/s/458)supported by Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University,Iran
文摘A statistical signal processing technique was proposed and verified as independent component analysis(ICA) for fault detection and diagnosis of industrial systems without exact and detailed model.Actually,the aim is to utilize system as a black box.The system studied is condenser system of one of MAPNA's power plants.At first,principal component analysis(PCA) approach was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the real acquired data set and to identify the essential and useful ones.Then,the fault sources were diagnosed by ICA technique.The results show that ICA approach is valid and effective for faults detection and diagnosis even in noisy states,and it can distinguish main factors of abnormality among many diverse parts of a power plant's condenser system.This selectivity problem is left unsolved in many plants,because the main factors often become unnoticed by fault expansion through other parts of the plants.
文摘Glufosinate-ammonium is a highly efficient, non-selective herbicide. The former synthesis schemes of glufosinate-ammonium were introduced and analyzed, the main of which are Arbuzov synthesis method, method under catalyzer and high pressure, targeted method under low temperature, Gabriel synthesis method, Zelinsky-Strecher synthetic method, synthetic method with chiral-synthon, and several special methods such as with enzyme or stereochemistry. Based on the structure and synthesis characteristic of glufosinate-ammonium as well as Arbuzov reaction and Michael reaction, a novel and reasonable scheme, which was named Arbuzov-Michael method, was put forward as the more economical one with simpler raw reagents and less waste.
文摘In response to horror stories throughout the country concerning childhood deaths from sniffing model airplane glue, organizations around Louisiana would begin lobbying for legislation to criminalize the practice in 1966. State lawmakers spent much of that summer crafting an anti-glue-sniffing measure for the state. The debates that resulted from the attempt, however, never really focused on the sustainability or practical use of such a law, but instead on the kind of law it would ultimately be -- whether, for example, retailers would be liable for selling glue to minors, even though model airplanes and other kits and toys required such items. Or whether the ingredients in model airplane glue could be classed as schedule one narcotics. Such questions ultimately framed a debate about the fundamental nature of the offense being committed. Ultimately, （unlike other Deep South states） Louisiana decided that sniffing glue was not a drug crime. Instead, it was a problem that affected ＂the health and morals of minors＂.
文摘An analysis applied to an existing building considering the whole service life, regulated or, if any, measured, of energy/technological upgrading action does not only require initial investments to be taken into account. Of course, such investments are significant and will have to be considered at a first stage, but it is not the only aspect to be considered. Provisions of Construction Procurement Guidance, No.7 Whole Life Costs state： ＂All procurement must be made solely on the basis of value for money in terms of the optimum combination of global costs--and not only initial investment costs--and quality to meet the user＇s requirements＂.
基金Partially supported by National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (60572105)Open Foundations of the State Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications (A200508)+1 种基金the State Key Lab of Integrated Services Networks (ISN7-02)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents (NCET-05-0582) in University.
文摘An approach combining optimal antenna subset selection with blind detection scheme for Orthogonal Space-Time Block Coding (OSTBC) is proposed in this paper. The optimal antenna sub- set selection is taken into account at transmitter and/or receiver sides, which chooses the optimal an- tennas to increase the diversity order of OSTBC and improve further its performance. In order to en- hance the robustness of the detection used in the conventional OSTBC scheme, a blind detection scheme based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is exploited which can directly extract transmitted signals without channel estimation. Performance analysis shows that the proposed ap- proach can achieve the full diversity and the flexibility of system design by using the antenna selec-tion and the ICA based blind detection schemes.
文摘It has always been very important throughout the centuries for legislative institutions and police organizations to watch over different media and genres as instruments of conspiracy of criminals, members of organized crime, and terroristic groups in order to recognize conspiracy contents and to evaluate them systematically （intelligence work）. With the help of special methods-design, it is possible to analyze the functions and strategies of this specific sometimes open or undercover used languages of Rotwelsch, Argot, Fenya, terrorist and Jihadi groups. A very significant example is the history of Jihadi Internet as a cyber-planning tool： single websites （until 2001）, expansion and professionalization （2001-2007） and severe surveillance, distrust and new social media （after 2008 especially because of 9/11）. Since it has become clear that the National Security Agency （NSA） conducts severe intelligence research in the field of E-mail-traffic and chats, the demand of crypto-programs has grown. It is better in this situation to return to face-to-face-communication. Legislative institutions and police have to study these functions and strategies in order to practice the best fitting counter-action against crime and terrorism.
文摘The hydrotalcite-like compound [Zn2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O and [Mg2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O （shorted as ZnA1-NO3 and MgAl-NO3） was intercalated with the chelating agent EDTA （Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid） and EDDS （N, N＇-1, 2-Ethanediylbis-1-Aspartic Acid） by anion exchange. The materials synthesized in this work were characterized by chemical analysis, FT-IR （Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy）, SEM （Scanning Electron Microscopy） and XRD （Powder X-ray Diffraction） to confirm their properties. In order to discuss the adsorption capacity of LDHs （Layered Double Hydroxides）, the adsorption experiment was investigated under the optimum condition （10 mg, 25℃ and 100 μg·L-1）. The amount of metallic ions adsorbed by LDHs intercalated with EDTA and precursor LDHs were determined by ICP-AES （Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry） and AAS （Atomic Absorption Spectrometry）. The intercalation of EDTA leads to improve the adsorption capacity of LDHs. LDHs intercalated with chelating agents have generally high affinity for removing metallic ions, and they can be efficient adsorbents for metallic ions.
文摘The fixed-point algorithm and infomax algorithm are two of the most popular algorithms in independent component analysis(ICA).However,it is hard to take both stability and speed into consideration in processing functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)data.In this paper,an optimization model for ICA is presented and an improved fixed-point algorithm based on the model is proposed.In the new algorithms a small step size is added to increase the stability.In order to accelerate the convergence,an improvement on Newton method is made,which makes cubic convergence for the new algorithm.Applying the algorithm and two other algorithms to invivo fMRI data,the results show that the new algorithm separates independent components stably,which has faster convergence speed and less computation than the other two algorithms.The algorithm has obvious advantage in processing fMRI signal with huge data.
基金supported by the National Basic Research(973)Program(2015CB351702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81571756,81270023,81278412,81171409,81000583,81471740,81220108014)+2 种基金Beijing Nova Program(XXJH2015B079 to Z.Y.)the Outstanding Young Investigator Award of Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(to Z.Y.)the Key Research Program and the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSZD-EW-TZ-002 to X.N.Z)
文摘Abstract A brain network consisting of two key parietal nodes, the precuneus and the posterior cingulate cortex, has emerged from recent fMRI studies. Though it is anatomically adjacent to and spatially overlaps with the default mode network （DMN）, its function has been associated with memory processing, and it has been referred to as the parietal memory network （PMN）. Independent component analysis （ICA） is the most common data-driven method used to extract PMN and DMN simultaneously. However, the effects of data preprocessing and parameter determi- nation in ICA on PMN-DMN segregation are completely unknown. Here, we employ three typical algorithms of group ICA to assess how spatial smoothing and model order influence the degree of PMN-DMN segregation. Our findings indicate that PMN and DMN can only be stably separated using a combination of low-level spatial smoothing and high model order across the three ICA algorithms. We thus argue for more considerations on parametric settings for interpreting DMN data.
