道成肉身的启示

道成肉身这一历史事件告诉我们：我们的信仰并非神话。也不是出自人头脑的臆想,而是建基于历史的事实。

环境条件对熟成肉中腐败菌液化沙雷氏菌的群体感应现象及生物膜形成的影响

液化沙雷氏菌(Serratia liquefaciens)是引起熟成肉腐败的重要细菌。利用N-乙酰-L-高丝氨酸内酯(AHLs)报告菌株紫色杆菌(Chromobacterium violaceum,CV026)检测腐败熟成肉中优势菌——液化沙雷氏菌(Serratia liquefaciens,ATCC27592)产生感应信号的能力。分析不同培养条件(时间、pH值和温度)对S.liquefaciens产生感应自诱导物及生物膜形成的影响。结果表明,S.liquefaciens能诱导CV026产生紫色反应,具备产生AHLs的能力,随着培养时间延长,S.liquefaciens产生感应自诱导物的能力呈先增后降趋势;在35 ℃、pH7条件下培养36 h,S.liquefaciens产生自诱导物的能力最强,生物膜形成量最大;4 ℃、pH3的培养条件抑制了S.liquefaciens的生长,影响感应信号AHLs分泌及生物膜的形成。相关分析表明,S.liquefaciens的感应自诱导物及生物膜产生量与菌液浓度呈正相关。该研究将为基于干扰S.liquefaciens的群体感应为靶点的熟成肉的防腐保鲜提供研究基础。

超声波处理对咸肉腌制影响的初步研究

研究了超声波处理对咸肉腌制的影响。试验表明,在一定浓度的食盐液中采用功率密度为0.68W/cm2超声波处理3h能破坏鲜肉的组织结构,加快食盐的渗透速度,腌制期间超声波组比对照组提前2 d达到腌制平衡。色泽方面,超声波处理导致前期L值低于对照,但成品中L值基本相同,约为33.5;a值先下降后上升,比对照提前2 d接近成品终点值。超声波处理能促进蛋白质的分解,食盐则对蛋白质的分解起抑制作用。此外,腌制期间挥发性盐基氮的含量超声波处理组低于对照组,高浓度食盐组低于低浓度组。

间歇式超声波处理对低盐咸肉腌制影响的初步研究

主要研究间歇式超声波处理对咸肉腌制过程的影响。结果表明,经过25kHz,功率密度0.68W/cm2的超声波处理0.5h后的样品比对照的食盐渗透要快,但第2、3次间歇式处理对食盐渗透的影响不大。超声波处理能促进脂肪的降解,处理后各组过氧化值均比对照高;经3次处理后各组酸价的增幅则显著高于对照(P﹤0.01)。超声波处理也能促进蛋白质的分解,经超声波第三次处理后,各处理组挥发性盐基氮的增幅均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。食盐可促进脂肪的分解,对蛋白质的分解具有抑制作用。

The Ratio of Flesh to Body and Analysis on Biochemical Composition of Muscle in Pachyhynobius Shangchengensis

[Objective] The ratio of flesh content and biochemical compositions in muscles of Pachyhynobius shangchengensis were researched in this experiment to provide basic referrences for studying nutritive physiological ecology of Pachyhynobius shangchengensis. [Method] The biochemical analytic method was used to detect the ratio of flesh content and biochemical compositions in muscle of Pachyhynobius shangchengensis. [Result] The ratio of flesh contents of female and male Pachyhynobius shangchengensis were 54.93% and 55.84% respectively. The contents of protein, total saccharides and fatty acid of female Pachyhynobius shangchengensis were 15.44% ,1.70% and 0.68% respectively,while the same contents of male Pachyhynobius shangchengensis were 15.67%, 1.89% and 0.53% respectively. The total content of 18 kinds of amino acids was 12.72% （the proportion in fresh weight）, among which the content of 8 kinds of essential amino acids was 4.68%. The essential amino acids index（EAAI） was 72.68 and limiting amino acids was valine. There were 11 kinds of fatty acids in muscles of Pachyhynobius shangchengensis, among which the content of unsaturated fatty acids （80.02%） was higher than that of saturated fatty acids（ 19.98% ）. [ Conclusion] Pachyhynobius shangchengensis was a kind of valuable natural resource belonging to the nutritious type of low fat content and high protein content.

Effect of Cumian No.1 on anti-immunity stress of chickens

2500 chickens were treated intwo households （A and B）, and divided into a test group and a contrast group in each of the households. 0.5% of ＂Cumian No.l＂ was added to the feeds of 1- to 15-day-olds of the test group and 0.2% to the feeds of 16- to 44-day-olds of the test group. The result showed that compared with the contrast group, the average weight and survival rate increased by 4.786% and 2% respectively, and FIG decreased by 9.2% in the test group in household A; the average weight and survival rate increased by 3.608% and 2% respectively, and FIG decreased by 14.9% in the test group in household B.

Slaughter Performance, Muscle Quality and Muscle Nutrients of Twelve-month-old Tibetan Goat

This study aimed to study the germplasm characteristics of Tibetan goat distributed in Sichuan. Three male and three female goats of twelve-month-old Ti-betan goat were selected, and they were slaughtered for analysis of slaughter per-formance, muscle quality and muscle nutrients. The results showed that the pre-slaughter body weights, dressing percentages, meat percentages and carcass meat production rates of male and female Tibetan goats were （14.33±1.53） and （12.50±2.18） kg, （42.11±5.26）% and （43.85±4.51）%, （31.34±3.36）% and （32.84±3.16）%, and （72.34±0.54）% and （72.30±0.78）%, respectively. There were smal differences in car-cass size, carcass segmentation, muscle fiber properties, muscle quality, muscle nu-tritional composition, muscle minerals contents and muscle heavy metals contents between male and female Tibetan goats. A total of 18 kinds of amino acids were detected in the muscle of male and female Tibetan goats. The EAA/TAA ratios and EAA/NEAA ratios of male and female Tibetan goats were （39.18＆#177;0.38）%and （38.70±0.72）%, and （64.31±1.03）% and （63.21±1.92）%, respectively.

Effect of Delay Chilling on μ-calpain Activities and the Tenderness of Bovine M. longissimus

μ-calpain activities and shear force values of bovine M. longissimus from Chinese Yellow crossbred bulls were analyzed,and the effect of delay chilling on μ-calpain activities and the tenderness of beef during postmortem aging were studied. The results showed that delay chilling significantly improved μ-calpain activities (P<0.05) and enhanced the tenderness of bovine M. longissimus during earlier aging periods compared with conventional chilling. But in later aging periods,delay chilling weakened the effect on the tenderness of beef because of premature consumption of μ-calpain. The experiment results confirmed that delay chilling improved the rate of postmortem aging of beef and remarkably enhanced the tenderness of beef through the effect of delay chilling on μ-calpain activities.

Improvement Effect of Beef Cattle Frozen Semen of Different Varieties for Local Yellow Cattle

In the improvement process of local yellow cattle with frozen semen of beef cattle, the cows were grouped according to different cross combinations. Then, the conception rate, dystocia rate and reproductive survival rate of the cows in each group, as well as the body size and body weight of new-born calves, were ana- lyzed. The results showed that no significant differences were found in conception rate among different groups （P〉0.05）; there was no significant difference in dystocia rate between the A and C groups （P〉0.05）, but the dystocia rate in the B group was significantly different from those in the A and C groups （P〈0.05）. There were positive correlations between calf forehead width, chest circumference and the dys- tocia rate.

Effects of Moxa-Cone Moxibustion at Guanyuan on Erythrocytic Immunity and Its Regulative Function in Tumor-Bearing Mice

In the sarcoma S180 ascitic mice, the effects of moxa-cone moxibustion at Guanyuan (CV 4) on erythrocytic immunity and its regulative function were investigated. The results indicated that moxibustion at Guanyuan (CV 4) could significantly increase the decreased erythrocytic C3b receptor rosette forming rate (RBC-C3bRR), lower the raised erythrocytic immunocomplex rosette forming rate (RBC-ICR, P

Risk of colorectal neoplasm in patients with acromegaly: A meta-analysis

AIM: To examine the risk of colorectal neoplasm in acromegalic patients by meta-analyzing all relevant controlled studies. METHODS: Extensive English language medical literature searches for human studies, up to December 2007, were performed using suitable keywords. Pooled estimates [odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)] were obtained using either the fixed or random-effects model as appropriate. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated with the Cochran Q test whereas the likelihood of publication bias was assessed by constructing funnel plots. Their symmetry was estimated by the adjusted rank correlation test. RESULTS: For hyperplastic polyps the pooled ORs with 95% CI were 3.557 (2.587-4.891) by fixed effects model and 3.703 (2.565-5.347) by random effects model. The Z test values for overall effect were 7.81 and 6.984, respectively (P < 0.0001). For colon adenomas the pooled ORs with 95% CI were 2.486 (1.908-3.238) (fixed effects model) and 2.537 (1.914-3.364) (random effects model). The Z test values were 6.747 and 6.472, respectively (P < 0.0001). For colon cancer the pooled OR with 95% CI was identical for both fixed and random effects model (OR, 4.351; 95% CI, 1.533-12.354; Z = 2.762, P = 0.006]. There was no significant heterogeneity and no publication bias in all the above meta-analyses. CONCLUSION: Acromegaly is associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasm.

Application of CT perfusion imaging in detection of tumor angiogenesis in osteosarcoma

Objective： The aim of the study was to explore the application of 64-slice spiral computed tomography perfusion imaging （CTPI） in evaluating angiogenesis in human osteosarcoma. Methods： Twenty-six patients （18 males and 8 females ranging from 9 to 56 years old, with an average of 19 years） with osteosarcoma underwent 64-slice spiral CTPI. We analyzed the correlations of CTPI parameters including blood flow （BF）, blood volume （BV）, time to peak （TTP）, and permeability surface （PS） with the expression of markers of angiogenesis. Statistical analysis was performed with paired-samples t test, and Pearson correlation analysis was employed to investigate the correlations of CTPI parameters with microvessel density （MVD）. Results： Mean BF, BV, TTP, and PS values of osteosarcoma group were （46.6 ± 25.1） mL/100 g/min, （61.8 ± 29.5） mL/100 g, （122.9 ± 26.2） seconds, and （44.5 ± 14.6） mL/100 g/min, respectively. Those in the normal muscle group were （5.2 ± 6.6） mL/100 g/min, （9.6 ± 7.3） mL/100 g, （115.5 ± 33.1） seconds and （17.0 ± 29.3） mL/100 g/min, respectively. Osteosarcoma group showed higher BF, BV and PS compared with the normal muscle group （P = 0.000, P = 0.000, and P = 0.000, respectively）. However, no significant difference was found in TTP between osteosarcoma tissue and normal adjacent muscle tissue （P = 0.273）. BF, BV, and PS were positively correlated with MVD （r = 0.83, P = 0.000; r = 0.87, P = 0.000; and r = 0.63, P = 0.001, respectively）. No correlation was found between TTP and MVD （r = –0.02, P = 0.93）. Conclusion： CTPI is useful for assessing tumor vascularity of osteosarcoma and CTPI parameters are positively correlated with MVD.

The Partial Purification of Angiogenesis Factor of Human Osteosarcoma

Objective To partially purify the angiogenesis factor of human osteosarcoma(HuOs) and study its biological features. Methods The active peptide with a molecular weight of 8000-10000 Da in the conditioned medium obtained from the cultivation of Hu-Os cells(osteoblastic osteosarcoma) was partially purified by ultrafiltration, chromatography and dialysis.The angiogenic effects of the fractions were assessed by proliferation assay of human umbilical vein and pig thoracic aorta endothelial cells. Results The chromatography fractions 4-6 could significantly promote the proliferation of the endothelial cells.Conclusion The HuOs cells could synthesize and secrete angiogenesis factor with a molecular weight of 8000-10000 Da.

Resolution of RS-3-chloro-2-oxy-propyltrimethylammonium-chloride and Crystal Structure Studies on Its R,R-tartrate

RS-3-chloro-2-oxy-propyltrimethylammonium-chloride 1, an important inter- mediate of carnitine and acetylcholine, has been synthesized and resolved by using R,R-tartric acid. Di-(S-3-chloro-2-oxy-propyltrimethylammonium)-R,R-tartrate 2, with optical purity of 81.76%, has been obtained. Compound 2 was characterized by IR spectroscopy, MS, NMR and X-ray diffrac- tion, and it crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group P212121, absolute structure parameter 0.56(8), with cell parameters a = 8.323(2), b = 10.203(2), c = 26.178(5) ? C16H34Cl2N2O8, Mr = 453.272, V = 2223.0(8) ?, Z = 4, Dc = 1.354 g/cm3, m = 0.335 mm-1, F(000) = 968, R = 0.0534 and wR = 0.1274 for 4376 observed reflections (I > 2s(I)). The lattice is composed of two S-3-chloro- 2-oxy-propyltrimethylammonium cations and one R,R-tartrate dianion which are arranged in separate stacks linked via hydrogen bonds.

Primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma in adult:A case report

Primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma (PPR) in adult is an extremely rare disease, and because of its early metastasis, the prognosis of it is poor. PPR should be included in consideration in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of lung tumors.

Molecular and Crystal Structure of Cinnam ylidene Acetophenone

The title compound C 17 H 14 O, M r =234.30, is orthorhombic, space group Pbca with unit cell of a=16.410 (2), b=15.451(2), c=10.261(2); Z=8, D c =1.196 g/cm 3; V=2601(1) 3; λ (Mo Kα)=0.71069, μ (Mo Kα ) =0.73 cm -1 , F (000)=992, final R=0.048, R w =0.053 for 1121 observed reflections with I>3.00σ(I ). As the two phenyl planes and the C 4H 4CO group are non coplanar ,the molecular conjugated system was disturbed.

Time for a paradigm shift in the classification of muscle injuries

Muscle injuries remain one of the most common injuries in sport,yet despite this,there is little consensus on how to either effectively describe or determine the prognosis of a specific muscle injury.Numerous approaches to muscle classification and grading of medicine have been applied over the last century,but over the last decade the limitations of historic approaches have been recognized.As a consequence,in the past 10 years,clinical research groups have begun to question the historic approaches and reconsider the way muscle injuries are classified and described.Using a narrative approach,this manuscript describes several of the most recent attempts to classify and grade muscle injuries and highlights the relative strengths and weaknesses of each system.While each of the new classification and grading systems have strengths,there remains little consensus on a system that is both comprehensive and evidence based.Few of the currently identified features within the grading systems have relevance to accurately determining prognosis.

Deletion of 93 bp Far-upstream Fragment of Rice Cytosolic Fructose- 1, 6-Bisphosphatase Promoter Completely Alter Its Expression Pattern

The 1 195 bp 5′ flanking region of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) cytosolic fructose_1, 6_bisphosphatase (cyFBPase) can direct tissue, cell specific expression in transgenic rice. In order to identify sequence elements responsible for the regulation of mesophyll_specific expression, the 5′ flanking regions of -1 195 bp, -1 102 bp, -768 bp, and -644 bp upstream of the translation initiation ATG codon were fused to the reporter gene encoding β_glucuronidase (GUS) and transferred to rice via particle bombardment. Analysis of the 5′ promoter deletions identified that a 93 bp fragment between -1 195 bp and -1 102 bp is essential for directing mesophyll specific expression. High constitutive expression of GUS reporter gene was found in the -768 deletion lines and another two deletion series. These results indicate the great potential utility of the promoter in rice biotechnology.

Serrated neoplasia of the colorectum

Serrated polyps of the colorectum form a group of related lesions which include aberrant crypt foci (ACF), conventional hyperplastic polyps, mixed (admixed) polyps, serrated adenomas and sessile serrated adenomas. In recent years the molecular differences between these morphologically similar lesions have been highlighted, and their differing biological potential has been realised. In particular, the sessile serrated adenoma has become recognised as the precursor lesion to a group of sporadic colorectal carcinomas characterised by morphological and molecular features distinct from conventional adenomas. These recent findings have challenged the long held paradigm that all colorectal carcinomas arise via the traditional adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In addition, they present a major challenge for the early detection and management of colorectal cancer, which is no longer regarded as a homogeneous entity.

Endoscopic polypectomy: A promising therapeutic choice for esophageal carcinosarcoma

Esophageal carcinosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor composing of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. Endoscopic therapy is less invasive and may represent an alternative to esophagectomy for superf icial esophageal carcinosarcoma. Here, we report a 61-year-old male who was diagnosed as esophageal carcinosarcoma and underwent endoscopic polypectomy with well tolerance and favorable prognosis. We also present a brief review of the literature.