Using Network Pharmacology to Explore Therapeutic Effect of Polygonum capitatum on Renal Calculus in Rats

[Objectives]To explore the therapeutic effect of Polygonum capitatum on renal calculus in rats based on network pharmacology.[Methods]Through the preliminary construction of P.capitatum-urolithiasis disease target network,explore the active components,action pathway and action target of P.capitatum-urolithiasis treatment,and use 1%ethylene glycol+2%ammonium chloride to induce SD rat kidney calcium oxalate stone model to verify the efficacy of P.capitatum-urolithiasis treatment.[Results]Through the network pharmacological prediction,it is found that the important active components in P.capitatum were quercetin,gallic acid,rutin,silybin,catechin,kaempferol and so on;potential active targets include INS,CAT,IL-6,MOCOS,etc.The results also suggest that forkhead transcription factor signaling pathway(FoxO signaling pathway),tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway(TNF signaling pathway)and hypoxia-inducible factor signaling pathway(HIF-1 signaling pathway)are the core pathways.The results of biochemical indicators in animal experiment showed that the contents of serum urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Cr)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in renal tissue in the treatment group(200,500 mg/kg)were significantly lower than those in the model group,while the content of superoxide dismutase(SOD)was significantly higher than that in the model group.In addition,the kidney tissue H&E staining sections showed that P.capitatum alcohol extract administration group rats kidney calcium oxalate crystals were significantly reduced compared with the model group,the degree of renal tubular lumen expansion was lighter than the model group,suggesting that P.capitatum alcohol extract has the effect of improving renal calculus in rats.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical reference for the deep development of P.capitatum in the treatment of renal calculus.

Screening for Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds from Polygonum capitatum

[Objectives]To discover antioxidant natural products from the famous Hmong medicinal plant Polygonum capitatum.[Methods]The antioxidant activities of the isolated components were evaluated by ABTS and DPPH assays.[Results]A total of 27 free phenolics were isolated form P.capitatum.Then the in vitro antioxidant potential of these components was evaluated according to the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays.Among them,five compounds(13,14,17,23,and 25)showed most significant ABTS radical-scavenging activity(IC 50 values of 3.81-15.09μg/mL).And 12 components(1,2,6,7,9,12,13,14,16,17,23,and 25)showed notable radical scavenging activity against DPPH(inhibition rates>88%).[Conclusions]Most of the above bioactive compounds were reported for the first time.

A New Flavonoid Glycoside from Polygonum capitatum

[Objectives]To discover novel compounds with significant anti-inflammatory activity in the alcohol extract of Polygonum capitatum.[Methods]Firstly,a new flavonoid glycoside,capitaone B(1),was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract from P.capitatum,and then 27 compounds were screened using NO anti-inflammatory activity model.[Results]Four compounds,such as kaempferol(12),1,2,6-trigalloyl-β-d-glucose(15),catechin(16)andβ-sitosterol(26),could significantly inhibit LPS-induced NO production in macrophages,with IC 50 values of 15.31,8.43,6.92 and 5.72μM,respectively.[Conclusions]The chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of P.capitatum were preliminarily studied,and the results provide a theoretical basis for further research on the action mechanism of subsequent anti-inflammatory active compounds of P.capitatum.

扁蓄总黄酮提取方法的比较

The factors which effected the extraction of total flavones from Polygonum aviculare L. var. aviculare were discussed with respects to solvent, concentration and the extracting temperature. The rutin was used as a standard compound, the total flavones extracted by the different extracting procedure were quantitated by measurement of absorbance at 510 nm. The results show that 80 ℃ and 35% alcohol are optimal and the extracting rate of the total flavones is as high as 4.349%.

扁蓄化学成分预试研究

[目的]分析扁蓄全草的化学成分。[方法]采用试管法和圆形滤纸层析法对扁蓄全草进行化学成分预试。[结果]扁蓄全草中主要含有黄酮及其苷类、蒽醌及其苷类等酚性成分,以及甾体、萜类、挥发油、油脂类等脂溶性成分。[结论]该试验为进一步进行该植物的生物活性成分研究提供了基础。

扁蓄总黄酮提取方法的比较研究

目的:筛选扁蓄总黄酮的最佳提取方法和提取工艺。方法:以扁蓄总黄酮的提取率为指标,分别采用乙醇回流法、超声波法和微波法提取扁蓄总黄酮,通过正交试验对提取工艺中的温度、固液比、提取功率及时间等技术参数进行考察,使用分光光度法测定扁蓄总黄酮含量。结果:回流提取扁蓄总黄酮提取率为1.09%,超声波提取扁蓄总黄酮的最佳条件为温度80℃,固液比1:10,功率700 W,提取2次,每次20 min,提取率为1.67%,微波法提取扁蓄总黄酮的最佳条件为温度100℃,功率700 W,固液比1:20,提取2次,每次10 min,提取率为1.98%。结论:微波提取法提取扁蓄总黄酮具有高效、省时、节能等优点,在中药提取中有良好的应用前景。

扁蓄对枸杞蚜虫杀虫活性的研究

[目的]研究扁蓄对枸杞蚜虫的杀虫活性。[方法]采用点滴法,测定了扁蓄乙醇提取物和石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水几种不同极性萃取物对枸杞蚜虫的触杀活性。[结果]扁蓄提取物对枸杞蚜虫有较高的触杀活性,浓度为50.00 g/L时,48 h的校正死亡率达95.4%,毒力回归方程为:y=4.745 7+1.098x,LC50=1.707 g/L。几种萃取物对枸杞蚜虫的杀虫活性的顺序为石油醚>氯仿>正丁醇>乙酸乙酯>水,石油醚萃取物48 h的校正死亡率96.7%。[结论]扁蓄对枸杞蚜虫具有较强的触杀活性且杀虫活性物质为一类小极性的化合物。

超声循环法提取扁蓄总黄酮

目的在超声条件下寻找提取扁蓄总黄酮的优化条件。方法采用正交设计法,以超声功率、超声时间、提取温度、溶剂体积分数为因素,每个因素3个水平,用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮作为评价指标。结果最佳提取条件为超声功率800W,超声时间105(35×3)min,提取温度40℃,溶剂体积分数65%。最佳提取条件下总黄酮的质量分数为1.908%。结论采用超声循环提取技术提取扁蓄中总黄酮,提取温度低、时间短,提取效率高,具有广阔前景。

扁蓄和叉叶委陵菜的草坪利用研究

对扁蓄Polygonumaviculare和叉叶委陵菜Potentillabifurca 2种野生草本植物进行了草坪引种栽培 ,详细观察研究了 2种植物的物候期表现、生长习性和绿化效果。试验表明 :扁蓄和叉叶委陵菜极耐严寒 ,对干旱、水涝、高温等逆境适应性强 ,保持绿色时间长 ,发挥绿化功能快 ,不择土壤 ,种植管理方便 ,可作为园林草坪绿化的优良地被植物。

扁蓄提取物对小菜蛾生物活性的影响

研究扁蓄(Polygonum aviculare L.)乙醇提取物对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella L.)触杀、胃毒、拒食及抑制生长的影响,比较扁蓄不同部位的活性,并对提取溶剂进行选择。结果表明,扁蓄乙醇提取物对小菜蛾的主要作用方式为触杀。

扁蓄总黄酮含量的测定

以 35 %乙醇为提取溶剂 ,聚酰胺吸附提纯 ,芦丁为标准品 ,用分光光度法于 5 10 nm处测定了扁蓄各部位的总黄酮含量。结果表明 :扁蓄全草总黄酮含量为 4 .349% ,根为 7.115 % ,茎为 5 .4 5 4 % ,叶为 3.5 4 4%

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum

Aim To establish reliable methods for evaluating the quality of rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum( Huzhang in Chinese). Methods TLC and HPLC were employed for the chemical identification and content determination,respectively. Results A qualitative TLC method and a quantitative HPLC method with piceid as the reference substance were established, respectively. With piceid as the reference substance and ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid-water ( 19:3:0.5:1) as the mobile phase, a TLC method for the identification of Huzhang from the commonly used crude drugs of the same family was also set up. Conclusion The established TLC method can reasonably appraise the quality of the drug and easily distinguish Huzhang from the other commonly used crude drugs of the same family. The HPLC method for determining piceid is simple, reproducible, accurate, and feasible.

生态型野生草地植被偃麦草和扁蓄蓼

为选育具有适应寒冷、干旱气候以及贫瘠立地条件特性的草坪,对野生植被——偃麦草和扁蓄蓼的形态特征、生物学习性、繁育方法、适应场所等进行了较为广泛的研究。结果显示:黑龙江省野生偃麦草和扁蓄蓼具有适应寒冷、干旱气候的特性,并且能够在贫瘠、板结、轻度盐渍化的土壤上正常生长,植株成活率高、覆盖度大。偃麦草和扁蓄蓼能够形成良好的群落景观,是发展黑龙江省生态节水、环保、效益型草坪的重要途径。

扁蓄对小菜蛾杀虫活性物质初选

[目的]分离扁蓄中的杀虫活性物质。[方法]采用液-液分配萃取法分离扁蓄乙醇粗提物的活性物质,以小菜蛾为试虫,进行室内毒力测定和杀虫活性跟踪测试,计算萃取率、死亡率和校正死亡率。[结果]扁蓄粗提物对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的LC50为0.0118g/ml。扁蓄乙醇浸膏的石油醚萃取部位的活性最强,得率最高,为21.80%,各溶剂萃取率大小依次为石油醚>正丁醇>乙酸乙酯>氯仿。各萃取物的活性为石油醚>氯仿>正丁醇>乙酸乙酯>水。石油醚萃取物72h对小菜蛾的3龄幼虫触杀活性最高,死亡率和校正死亡率分别为96.7%、96.6%。[结论]扁蓄对小菜蛾具有很高的触杀活性。扁蓄的杀虫活性物质为一类小极性的化合物,在粗提物中得率最高。

扁蓄乙醇提取物杀虫活性初探

[目的]研究扁蓄的杀虫活性。[方法]以乙醇为溶剂提取扁蓄活性物质,采用点滴法和浸虫法测试提取物对桃蚜、白菜蚜虫、枸杞蚜虫和甜菜夜蛾、小菜蛾、黏虫的触杀活性。[结果]0.05g/ml扁蓄提取物对枸杞蚜虫的杀虫活性最强,桃蚜次之,白菜蚜虫最弱,施药24h后校正死亡率分别为91.7%、87.7%和27.8%,48h后校正死亡率分别为95.4%、91.0%和34.1%。0.05g/ml扁蓄提取物对小菜蛾杀虫活性最强,对甜菜夜蛾、黏虫有一定的杀虫活性,施药48h后校正死亡率分别为76.6%、33.5%和43.8%,72h后校正死亡率分别为90.0%、38.0%和48.4%。[结论]扁蓄乙醇提取物对枸杞蚜虫和小菜蛾有较强的杀虫活性。

Comparison of Photosynthetic Adaptability Between Kobresia humilis and Polygonum viviparum on Qinghai Plateau

The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Kobresia humilis Serg. and Polygonum viviparum L. grown at two different altitudes (3?200 m, 3?980 m) were measured and the ultrastructure of chloroplasts were observed for studying the photosynthetic adaptability of plants to the influences of stress conditions in alpine environment. Rfd _values, the vitality index, in leaves of K. humilis and P.viviparum grown at 3?980 m were higher than those at 3?200 m. The higher ratio of F v/F o and F v/F m in leaves of K. humilis and P.viviparum indicated that the rate of photosynthetic conversion of light energy increased at higher altitude. Ratios of F v/F o and F v/F m and Rfd _values in K.humilis were higher than that in P.viviparum grown at the same altitude. There were more irregular chloroplasts in leaves of both species grown at higher altitude. Many irregular chloroplasts such as swollen thylakoid, deformed chloroplast envelope, were observed in P.viviparum grown at 3?980 m, but few in K. humilis . These results were discussed in relation to the photosynthetic adaptability of alpine plants and the different adaptive competence between K.humilis and P.viviparum .

Variation and Cluster Analysis on Leaf Characters from Different Provenance Sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb

[Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance sources to provide basis for the classification,identification,breeding and improved variety selection of P.multiflorum.[Method] Leaf shape characters of 31 copies of germplasm resources in the major distribution region of the whole country were determined,and the genetic variation of P.multiflorum leaves from different producing areas was analyzed.[Result] The leaf characters of single plant of the same experimental provenance source of P.multiflorum were relatively stable,the variation was mainly found on the single leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf width and other indicators;the variation of each leaf character among different provenance sources was obvious,and the variation was mainly found on the single leaf weight,leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf length and other indicators.The correlation analysis of each leaf character in P.multiflorum suggested that the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed extremely significant positive correlation with leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf thickness and leaf stem length,while the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed significant negative correlation with WWR（leaf width/1/2 leaf width）and LWR（leaf length/1/2 leaf length）,in addition,several macroscopic leaf characters such as leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf stem length showed extremely positive correlation.The main component analysis result suggested that the contribution rate of accumulation variance of the front three main components was up to 97.4%,which could better reflect the comprehensive performance of leaf characters of different provenance sources of P.multiflorum.The cluster analysis showed that the experimental 31 copies of P.multiflorum provenance sources should be divided into three classes,the first class was distributed in the Middle,Western of Guizhou,northwestern of Guangxi and western areas with higher altitude;the second class was distributed in Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Guangdong and the most area of Guangxi;the third class was distributed in Anhui,Jiangsu and Henan and Shandong.[Conclusion] Cluster analysis of leaf characters indicated that the kinds of provenance sources which the geographical position was closer could be got together.The study had provided a certain basis for the classification of P.multiflorum.

Novel Stilbene Glycosides from Polygonum multiflorum

Two new stilbene glycosides (1 and 2), together with nine known compounds (3-11), were isolated from the water extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by their chemical properties and spectroscopic analyses, including extensive 2D NMR experiments. Compound 2 showed strong DNA cleavage activity, and compounds 1, 2 and 10 (2, 3, 4′, 5_tetrahydroxy_ trans _stilbene_2_O_β_ D _glucopyranoside) exhibited significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Accumulation Characteristics of Cd in Polygonum pubescens Bl

[Objective] The research aimed to study the response and accumulation characteristics of Cd in Polygonum pubescens Bl.[Method] Taking Hoagland nutritional solution as the culture substrate,eight kinds of Cd concentrations （0,25,50,100,200,500,800,1 000 mg/L） were set up.[Result] Under low concentrations of Cd （25 and 50 mg/L）,the biomass of P.pubescens had no significant difference with CK （P0.05）.Under all the test concentrations of Cd,Cd content in the roots and shoots of P.pubescens exceeded 100 mg/kg and the enrichment coefficients of Cd were over 1.With the increasing of Cd concentration,Cd content and Cd accumulation amount in P.pubescens increased significantly.When Cd concentration exceeded 50 mg/L,translocation capacity coefficient was greater than 1.[Conclusion] Polygonum pubescens has high tolerance and accumulation capacity of Cd,and it may has some potential on the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil.

人工湿地园沼泽植物水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper L.)的蒸腾特性日变化

对人工湿地园中沼泽植物水蓼(PolygonumhydropiperL.)蒸腾特性日变化进行了研究。结果表明:水蓼叶片的蒸腾速率日进程在晴朗的天气呈单峰曲线变化,最高峰值出现在下午的14:00。受光量子通量密度的影响最大,相关系数为0.668。与相对湿度的变化呈正相关(r=0.607),说明水蓼的蒸腾速率日变化是受其自身所具有的特殊生理特性所决定。叶片气孔阻力直接影响蒸腾速率。