AIM:To determine the prevalence of a family history suggestive of Lynch syndrome (LS) among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) followed in a coloproctology outpatient clinic in Southern Brazil.METHODS:A consecutive...AIM:To determine the prevalence of a family history suggestive of Lynch syndrome (LS) among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) followed in a coloproctology outpatient clinic in Southern Brazil.METHODS:A consecutive sample of patients with CRC were interviewed regarding personal and family histories of cancer.Clinical data and pathology features of the tumor were obtained from chart review.RESULTS:Of the 212 CRC patients recruited,61 (29%) reported a family history of CRC,45 (21.2%) were diagnosed under age 50 years and 11 (5.2%) had more than one primary CRC.Family histories consistent with Amsterdam and revised Bethesda criteria for LS were identified in 22 (10.4%) and 100 (47.2%) patients,respectively.Twenty percent of the colorectal tumors had features of the high microsatellite instability phenotype,which was associated with younger age at CRC diagnosis and with Bethesda criteria (P < 0.001).Only 5.3% of the patients above age 50 years had been previously submitted for CRC screening and only 4% of patients with suspected LS were referred for genetic risk assessment.CONCLUSION:A significant proportion of patients with CRC were at high risk for LS.Education and training of health care professionals are essential to ensure proper management.展开更多
The inclining experiment is the only regulatory tool to assess ship stability. This experiment is a time consuming process for both real-life tests and ship model experiments. The difficulty is mainly due to a bias in...The inclining experiment is the only regulatory tool to assess ship stability. This experiment is a time consuming process for both real-life tests and ship model experiments. The difficulty is mainly due to a bias in the measurement of heel angle. Nowadays, digital inclinometers are available, but they are expensive. In this study, the use of a smartphone application is presented for ship inclination and rolling-period tests. The idea consists of using accelerometer and gyroscope sensors built into the current smartphones for the measurements. Therefore, some experiments are carried out on an example trawler model to exhibit the uses and advantages of this method. The obtained results are in good agreement with those provided from the pendulum method and natural roll-period test. This application is new, easy, and more accurately assesses metacentric height during the inclining and rolling-period tests.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of surgical therapy in treating traumatic instability of subaxial cervical spine through either anterior or posterior approach. Methods According to the Allen-Fergurson'...Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of surgical therapy in treating traumatic instability of subaxial cervical spine through either anterior or posterior approach. Methods According to the Allen-Fergurson's classification, we retrospectively studied 42 cases of traumatic instability of subaxial cervical spine through either anterior or posterior surgical reconstruction. Patients requiring approach for either reduction or decompression were not included. Results The average follow-up interval was 3 years and 2 months. The anterior and posterior reconstructions were 24 and 18 cases, respectively. Before operation, the average scores of JOA and VAS were: 12.1 and 6.9 for anterior group, and 12.3 and 7.2 for posterior group. At the final assement, the scores of JOA and VAS improved to 16.0 and 2.2 for anterior group, and 15.7 and 2.6 for posterior group. The average ASIA motor scores of anterior and posterior group improved to 68.2 and 65.5 at the final follow-up from 58.4 and 59.7 before operation, respectively. The ASIA grade (A-E) was converted to a numeric score. The average scores before operation in the anterior and posterior group were 3.3 and 3.4, and increased to 3.8 and 3.7 at the final follow-up. After operation, there were different extent improvements of average radiological parameter, such as Cobb angle, vertebral body translation and disc height ratio. The average operation time and blood losing were 122 min and 125 mL for anterior group, and 153 min and 287 mL for posterior group. Fusion was achieved in all patients and 4 and 2 complications occurred at the anterior or posterior group. Conclusion The results showed that there were no obvious difference in parameters, such as neurological assements, functional grades, fusion rate, operation time and blood losing, between anterior and posterior group, except the virtues of anterior group in reconstruction and maintaining physiologic cervical lordosis and intervertrbal disc height occurred.展开更多
To prevent CO_2 accumulation in the atmosphere generated from scorching of fossil fuels, carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) technology is considered as a potential route to mitigate the emissions of CO_2 from reach...To prevent CO_2 accumulation in the atmosphere generated from scorching of fossil fuels, carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) technology is considered as a potential route to mitigate the emissions of CO_2 from reaching the atmosphere. Power generation from sources such as gas, coal and biomass can fulfill the energy demand more readily than many other sources of electricity production. Thus these sources may be retained as important alternative option in the global energy cycle. In order to curtail CO_2, porous aramid network was fabricated by the condensation of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride and 1,3-phenylenediamine in 1,4-dioxane solvent. Aramid was characterized for various analyses including FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET surface area and pore size analysis, FESEM and CO_2 adsorption measurements. Excellent thermal stability was provided by strong amide linkages in the polymer backbone. Optimum CO_2 uptake of aramid was achieved to be 23.14 mg·g^(-1) at 273 K at 0.1 MPa. The basic amide groups of network structure showed greater affinity for CO_2.Excellent thermal stability of aramid makes it a promising sorbent for CO_2 capture in adverse conditions.展开更多
Active front steering(AFS)system has been used as a promising technology which improves the steering portability and handing stability of vehicles.It employs a steering motor to realize the functions of variable steer...Active front steering(AFS)system has been used as a promising technology which improves the steering portability and handing stability of vehicles.It employs a steering motor to realize the functions of variable steering ratio and vehicle stability control.However,it has a serious problem of unexpected reaction hand wheel torque caused by the additional steering angle.In this paper,the optimum hand wheel torque is designed based on the linear tire model.Considering the uncertainty and disturbance of the steering system and vehicle,an H∞controller is developed to make sure the hand wheel torque follows the reference torque accurately and quickly.The simulation shows that the proposed controller can compensate the unnatural reaction torque and provide a good steering feel for the driver.展开更多
文摘AIM:To determine the prevalence of a family history suggestive of Lynch syndrome (LS) among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) followed in a coloproctology outpatient clinic in Southern Brazil.METHODS:A consecutive sample of patients with CRC were interviewed regarding personal and family histories of cancer.Clinical data and pathology features of the tumor were obtained from chart review.RESULTS:Of the 212 CRC patients recruited,61 (29%) reported a family history of CRC,45 (21.2%) were diagnosed under age 50 years and 11 (5.2%) had more than one primary CRC.Family histories consistent with Amsterdam and revised Bethesda criteria for LS were identified in 22 (10.4%) and 100 (47.2%) patients,respectively.Twenty percent of the colorectal tumors had features of the high microsatellite instability phenotype,which was associated with younger age at CRC diagnosis and with Bethesda criteria (P < 0.001).Only 5.3% of the patients above age 50 years had been previously submitted for CRC screening and only 4% of patients with suspected LS were referred for genetic risk assessment.CONCLUSION:A significant proportion of patients with CRC were at high risk for LS.Education and training of health care professionals are essential to ensure proper management.
文摘The inclining experiment is the only regulatory tool to assess ship stability. This experiment is a time consuming process for both real-life tests and ship model experiments. The difficulty is mainly due to a bias in the measurement of heel angle. Nowadays, digital inclinometers are available, but they are expensive. In this study, the use of a smartphone application is presented for ship inclination and rolling-period tests. The idea consists of using accelerometer and gyroscope sensors built into the current smartphones for the measurements. Therefore, some experiments are carried out on an example trawler model to exhibit the uses and advantages of this method. The obtained results are in good agreement with those provided from the pendulum method and natural roll-period test. This application is new, easy, and more accurately assesses metacentric height during the inclining and rolling-period tests.
文摘Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of surgical therapy in treating traumatic instability of subaxial cervical spine through either anterior or posterior approach. Methods According to the Allen-Fergurson's classification, we retrospectively studied 42 cases of traumatic instability of subaxial cervical spine through either anterior or posterior surgical reconstruction. Patients requiring approach for either reduction or decompression were not included. Results The average follow-up interval was 3 years and 2 months. The anterior and posterior reconstructions were 24 and 18 cases, respectively. Before operation, the average scores of JOA and VAS were: 12.1 and 6.9 for anterior group, and 12.3 and 7.2 for posterior group. At the final assement, the scores of JOA and VAS improved to 16.0 and 2.2 for anterior group, and 15.7 and 2.6 for posterior group. The average ASIA motor scores of anterior and posterior group improved to 68.2 and 65.5 at the final follow-up from 58.4 and 59.7 before operation, respectively. The ASIA grade (A-E) was converted to a numeric score. The average scores before operation in the anterior and posterior group were 3.3 and 3.4, and increased to 3.8 and 3.7 at the final follow-up. After operation, there were different extent improvements of average radiological parameter, such as Cobb angle, vertebral body translation and disc height ratio. The average operation time and blood losing were 122 min and 125 mL for anterior group, and 153 min and 287 mL for posterior group. Fusion was achieved in all patients and 4 and 2 complications occurred at the anterior or posterior group. Conclusion The results showed that there were no obvious difference in parameters, such as neurological assements, functional grades, fusion rate, operation time and blood losing, between anterior and posterior group, except the virtues of anterior group in reconstruction and maintaining physiologic cervical lordosis and intervertrbal disc height occurred.
文摘To prevent CO_2 accumulation in the atmosphere generated from scorching of fossil fuels, carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) technology is considered as a potential route to mitigate the emissions of CO_2 from reaching the atmosphere. Power generation from sources such as gas, coal and biomass can fulfill the energy demand more readily than many other sources of electricity production. Thus these sources may be retained as important alternative option in the global energy cycle. In order to curtail CO_2, porous aramid network was fabricated by the condensation of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride and 1,3-phenylenediamine in 1,4-dioxane solvent. Aramid was characterized for various analyses including FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET surface area and pore size analysis, FESEM and CO_2 adsorption measurements. Excellent thermal stability was provided by strong amide linkages in the polymer backbone. Optimum CO_2 uptake of aramid was achieved to be 23.14 mg·g^(-1) at 273 K at 0.1 MPa. The basic amide groups of network structure showed greater affinity for CO_2.Excellent thermal stability of aramid makes it a promising sorbent for CO_2 capture in adverse conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51375007 and 51205191)NUAA Research Funding(Grant No.NS2013015)
文摘Active front steering(AFS)system has been used as a promising technology which improves the steering portability and handing stability of vehicles.It employs a steering motor to realize the functions of variable steering ratio and vehicle stability control.However,it has a serious problem of unexpected reaction hand wheel torque caused by the additional steering angle.In this paper,the optimum hand wheel torque is designed based on the linear tire model.Considering the uncertainty and disturbance of the steering system and vehicle,an H∞controller is developed to make sure the hand wheel torque follows the reference torque accurately and quickly.The simulation shows that the proposed controller can compensate the unnatural reaction torque and provide a good steering feel for the driver.
