遗址资料整理点滴(二)——遗迹单位相互关系及重建的思考与积累

遗址发掘和整理研究中,遗迹单位之间的相互关系具有一定的复杂性,在田野实践中不断被发现和认识,本文主要就考古发掘中的遗迹单位之间的打破关系进行了细化分类和表述,同时,在目前计算机GIS技术应用于遗迹单位空间重建提出了基本设想,表述了图层概念的实际应用意义——更客观的描述遗迹单位间时间链条的关系;同时指出,GIS技术应用的应用关键在于考古学工作者如何具体认识和分析田野资料,而不是机械、简单的将GIS技术照搬过来。

再审半坡文化和庙底沟文化的年代关系——以叠压打破和共存关系为视角

在中国考古学的学术史上有两大“学案”经久未决，一是夏商周考古中成汤居毫的地望，一是新石器时代考古中半坡文化和庙底沟文化的关系。关于前者，自20世纪70年代末邹衡《郑州商城即汤都毫说》发表后，郑州二里冈早商城址为成汤灭夏后所建都城——毫之“郑毫说”渐成学界的主流认识。

Locating the cocktail and scaling-relation breaking effects of high-entropy alloy catalysts on the electrocatalytic volcano plot

High entropy alloys(HEAs)have been the star materials in electrocatalysis research in recent years.One of their key features is the greatly increased multiplicity of active sites compared to conventional catalytic materials.This increased multiplicity stimulates a cocktail effect and a scaling-relation breaking effect,and results in improved activity.However,the multiplicity of active sites in HEAs also poses new problems for mechanistic studies.One apparent problem is the inapplicability to HEA catalysts of the currently most popular mechanistic study method,which uses the electrocatalytic theoretical framework(ETF)based on the computational hydrogen electrode(CHE).The ETF uses a single adsorption energy to represent the catalyst,i.e.,a catalyst is represented by a'point'in the volcanic relationship.It naturally does not involve the multiplicity of active sites of a catalyst,and hence loses brevity in expressing the cocktail effect and scaling-relation breaking effect in HEA catalysis.This paper attempts to solve this inapplicability.Based on the fact that the adsorption energy distribution of HEAs is close to a normal distribution,the mean and variance of the adsorption energy distribution are introduced as descriptors of the ETF,replacing the original single adsorption energy.A quantitative relationship between the variance and the cocktail and scaling-relation braking effects is established.We believe the method described in this work will make the ETF more effective in mechanistic studies of HEA electrocatalysis.

湖南安仁苗竹山东汉墓发掘简报

2023年10月至12月在湖南省安仁县苗竹山墓群发掘了14座汉至宋代墓葬,其中M4打破M5和M8,M8打破M5。依据墓葬形制、出土器物以及墓葬之间的打破关系,推测M5年代为东汉早期,M8为东汉中期,M4为东汉晚期。三座墓葬的发现以及其之间的打破关系,为安仁苗竹山墓群东汉墓的分期提供了重要的依据,也为进一步探讨湘南地区东汉墓葬的分期与年代、社会发展以及文化交流提供了重要考古资料。

论社会革命与社会现代化

本文认为，在社会革命与社会现代化之间，以解放和发展生产力为桥梁，形成这样一种关系：只有打破旧的生产关系，解放生产力，才能发展生产力，实现社会现代化；而要解放生产力，必须进行社会革命。对于这种关系，人们常常称之为前提关系，实际上这是一种包含关系，即社会革命包含于社会现代化过程之中，这是社会革命与社会现代化之间的内在联系。从世界范围来看，资本主义现代化与近代资产阶级革命是紧密联系在一起的，中国民主主义革命和社会主义革命是中国社会现代化过程中一个不可缺少的阶段。