面向生态-技术创新的城市生态位扩展评价研究

将生态理论和技术创新理论相结合,提出生态-技术创新的概念,进一步将生态—技术创新概念引入城市生态位研究领域,指出生态-技术创新是扩展城市生态位的唯一调控因子,并建立城市生态位扩展评价指标体系,以期为城市生态位的构建和城市的可持续发展提供理论基础。

面向生态-技术创新的环渤海城市群生态位扩展评价研究

建立城市生态位扩展评价指标体系,并运用该指标体系,借助于SPSS软件,对环渤海经济圈相关城市的生态位扩展情况进行主成分分析和聚类分析,以期为城市生态位的构建和城市的可持续发展提供理论基础和实践指导。

驻马店城区用地扩展评价

通过分析影响驻马店城市用地扩展的主要因素,建立了驻马店城区扩展评价指标体系,并且采用多目标突变决策评价法进行了驻马店城区扩展方向评价,科学性较强,避免了定性分析的不足,对驻马店市的今后发展具有参考意义。

基于适应度评价扩展自适应遗传算法的门级电路进化设计

针对遗传算法适应度评价阶段指定输出单元容易丢失潜在解的问题,该文提出了一种基于适应度评价扩展的电路进化设计方法。该方法将每个逻辑单元的输出都视为一个潜在的解处理,得到一个最优适应度评价值,避免了潜在解的丢失,有效地提高了自适应遗传算法的性能。通过多种电路的进化设计实验比较了该文方法与传统自适应遗传算法设计的性能,结果表明,该文方法具有收敛速度快、迭代次数少、获得最优解成功概率高的优点。

基于GIS城镇空间扩展的评价研究——以来安汊河新区为例

通过对来安汊河新区总体概念规划的实践,本文在新区空间扩展评定中建立了评价分类的指标体系、确定了指标因子分级,并采用特尔斐法和层次分析法相结合的方法计算出评价指标因子权重值。在此基础上采用多因子综合评价方法,在GIS数据库中计算出每个单元的综合评价值,并依据该值进行等级划分,评定出汊河新区空间扩展范围和具体位置,为新区空间扩展的规划提供了科学根据。

快速增长时期中小城市空间扩展及规划应对——以山东省招远市为例

针对现有文献在城市空间扩展的合理性评价和规划控制方面较为薄弱,以及对中小城市关注不够的事实,本文以山东半岛地区中等城市——招远为例,首先分析快速增长时期招远城市空间扩展的过程,接着采用定性与定量相结合的方法评价了其空间扩展的合理性,最后探讨了促进城市空间合理扩展的规划对策,以期为中西部地区中小城市空间扩展提供借鉴。

基于扩展多染色体笛卡尔遗传规划的数字电路进化设计

针对多输出电路进化设计中出现的进化复杂度高及可能丢失潜在解的问题,提出了一种基于扩展多染色体笛卡尔遗传规划的数字电路进化设计方法。该方法采用基于输出分解的多染色体并行进化形式,并引入一种类似交叉功能的染色体操作方法,结合适应度评价扩展给出了与多染色体方法对应的(1+λ)扩展多染色体进化策略实现进化过程。较传统方法具有更少的计算工作量,且有效性受进化复杂度的影响较小,改善了进化设计方法的扩展性能。

Evaluation of Role of Home Market Effects in China′s Manufacturing Industries

Under the theoretical framework of the New Trade Theory and the New Economic Geography, Home Market Effects (HMEs) is considered to be important sources of comparative advantage and significant reasons for industry agglomeration. Through the analysis on the input-output tables in China, the paper confirms the existence of HMEs for the manufacturing industries and their export trades on the national and provincial level in China. Several conclusions have been drawn in this study. Firstly, there exist prominent HMEs for manufacturing industries related with nondurable goods and materials in China. Secondly, 10 of the 15 kinds of manufacturing industries considered in this study display the existence of HMEs. Thirdly, the comparative advantage of factor endowment for the export trade of manufacturing industries is declining, while HMEs for them are increasing. Fourthly, among the 30 provincial regions studied in this paper, 11 regions show the existence of HMEs, most of which are located in the eastern coast region. This paper illustrates the simultaneous existence of the comparative advantage of factor endowment and scale economies of HMEs for China's manufacturing industries. HMEs will not only be the new dynamic for the increase of manufacturing industries and their export trade, but also be the primary power for urban economic growth, industry improvement, and urban space expansion for China.

Evaluation of Three-dimensional Urban Expansion: A Case Study of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China

With rapid urban development in China in the last two decades, the three-dimensional(3D) characteristic has been the main feature of urban morphology. However, the vast majority of researches of urban growth have focused on the planar area(two-dimensional(2D)) expansion. Few studies have been conducted from a 3D perspective. In this paper, the 3D urban expansion of the Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China from 2003 to 2012 was evaluated based on Geographical Information System(GIS) tools and high-resolution remote sensing images. Four indices, namely weighted average height of buildings, volume of buildings, 3D expansion intensity and 3D fractal dimension are used to quantify the 3D urban expansion. The weighted average height of buildings and the volume of buildings are used to illustrate the temporal change of the 3D urban morphology, while the other two indices are used to calculate the expansion intensity and the fractal dimension of the 3D urban morphology. The results show that the spatial distribution of the high-rise buildings in Yangzhou has significantly spread and the utilization of the 3D space of Yangzhou has become more efficient and intensive. The methods proposed in this paper laid a foundation for a wide range of study of 3D urban morphology changes.

The Performance Evaluation of the Integration of Inertial Navigation System and Global Navigation Satellite System with Analytic Constraints

The integration of GNSS （Global Navigation Satellite System） and INS （Inertial Navigation System） using IMU （Inertial Measurement Unit） is now widely used for MMS （Mobile Mapping System） and navigation applications to seamlessly determine position, velocity and attitude of the mobile platform. With low cost, small size, ligh weight and low power consumtion, the MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical System） IMU and low cost GPS （Global Positioning System） receivers are now the trend in research and using for many applications. However, researchs in the literature indicated that the the performance of the low cost INS/GPS systems is still poor, particularly, in case of GNSS-noise environment. To overcome this problem, this research applies analytic contrains including non-holonomic constraint and zero velocity update in the data fusion engine such as Extended Kalman Filter to improve the performance of the system. The benefit of the proposed method will be demonstrated through experiments and data analysis.

Evaluation of Fatigue Cracking Propagation： A Case Study of Airfield Infrastructure Systems

The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth analysis and optimization of the governing phenomena. The pervasive demand for suitable solutions to this circumstance has been the greatest problem faced by the systems engineers in the quest for delivering sustainable infrastructural development. Consequently, the removal of interdisciplinary boundaries and merge of design platforms pose a great challenge for an unprepared project engineering and technology community. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms promoting fatigue occurrences for a complete model conceptualisation and analysis improvement. In this paper, the duo evaluation--linear and effective crack length measurements are clearly shown to beacon the fatigue investigation for modem project engineering and technology. The paper has also examined the airfield pavement where this concept could be very useful. Such breakthrough would require accurate fatigue simulation and modelling platforms for inbuilt reliability and prudent resources management. Amongst the benefits of the fatigue analysis is the provision of an enabling environment for the sustainable management of engineering and technology projects.

Performance evaluation of a micro turbo-expander for application in low-temperature solar electricity generation

A micro turbo-expander capable of high working speed was specially manufactured for use in an organic Rankine cycle (ORC).A series of tests were executed to examine the performance of the machine.In the experiment,the machine was tested under different inlet pressure conditions (0.2-0.5 MPa).Data such as the compressed air pressure,temperatures of the inlet and the outlet,rotational speed,and electric power generation were analyzed to discover underlying relationships.During the test,the rotational speed of the machine reached as high as 54 000 r/min,the peak value of the temperature drop between the inlet and the outlet reached 42 ℃,the maximum electric power generated by the motor-generator attached to the machine reached 630 W,and the efficiency of the machine reached 0.43.

Evaluating the safety of high arch dams with fractures based on numerical simulation and geomechanical model testing

It is important to estimate the probability of fracture extension and its impact on the safety of arch dams with fractures. Numerical simulation and geomechanical model test were combined to evaluate the overall stability and the extension probability of fractures. Numerical simulation forecasted the dam displacement and the operating behavior based on the parameters obtained from the back analysis. Geomechanical model test was based on small block masonry and the models with or without fractures were both tested. The results show that the deformation of dams is in line with general rules at a normal water load and the extension probability of the existing fractures is very small, which has no significant impact on the global stability of dams. Moreover, the failure process of arch dams with the existing fractures in dams at overload scenarios is similar to the one without the embedded fractures, i.e., the failure crack which is not caused by the existing fractures inside comes into being on the surface of dams itself.