The aim of this work is double. Firstly, we want to stress out that investing in renewable energies in 2009 in Spain was a profitable activity. This question will be answered studying the possibilities of expanding ＂...The aim of this work is double. Firstly, we want to stress out that investing in renewable energies in 2009 in Spain was a profitable activity. This question will be answered studying the possibilities of expanding ＂Sierra de Tineo＂ wind farm in the Principality of Asturias （location, wind resource, data analysis, simulation, legal standards and economic and sensitivity study of the investment）, and for that, data from the year 2009 have been used. And secondly, the goal is to set the bases for a future paper where the current situation of Spain （within the renewable framework）, will be compared with the 2009 scenario.展开更多
Union Carbide(UC)公司已完成其在路易斯安那州丙烯酸酯工厂的第一期扩建工程,扩建能力4000万Lb/a。扩建后,该工厂丙烯酸酯年生产能力到1996年第3季度将增加8000万Lb,达到年生产能力3.65亿Lb水平。生产的丙烯酸酯类产品适用于涂料、油...Union Carbide(UC)公司已完成其在路易斯安那州丙烯酸酯工厂的第一期扩建工程,扩建能力4000万Lb/a。扩建后,该工厂丙烯酸酯年生产能力到1996年第3季度将增加8000万Lb,达到年生产能力3.65亿Lb水平。生产的丙烯酸酯类产品适用于涂料、油墨、粘合剂、造纸工业、纺织及塑料行业。展开更多
The formalism of the earlier fatigue crack growth models is retained to account for multiscaling of the fatigue process that involves the creation of macrocracks from the accumulation of micro damage.The effects of at...The formalism of the earlier fatigue crack growth models is retained to account for multiscaling of the fatigue process that involves the creation of macrocracks from the accumulation of micro damage.The effects of at least two scales,say micro to macro,must be accounted for.The same data can thus be reinterpreted by the invariancy of the transitional stress intensity factors such that the microcracking and macrocracking data would lie on a straight line.The threshold associated with the sigmoid curve disappears.Scale segmentation is shown to be a necessity for addressing multiscale energy dissipative processes such as fatigue and creep.Path independency and energy release rate are monoscale criteria that can lead to unphysical results,violating the first principles.Application of monoscale failure or fracture criteria to nanomaterials is taking toll at the expense of manufacturing super strength and light materials and structural components.This brief view is offered in the spirit of much needed additional research for the reinforcement of materials by creating nanoscale interfaces with sustainable time in service.The step by step consideraton at the different scales may offer a better understanding of the test data and their limitations with reference to space and time.展开更多
文摘The aim of this work is double. Firstly, we want to stress out that investing in renewable energies in 2009 in Spain was a profitable activity. This question will be answered studying the possibilities of expanding ＂Sierra de Tineo＂ wind farm in the Principality of Asturias （location, wind resource, data analysis, simulation, legal standards and economic and sensitivity study of the investment）, and for that, data from the year 2009 have been used. And secondly, the goal is to set the bases for a future paper where the current situation of Spain （within the renewable framework）, will be compared with the 2009 scenario.
文摘The formalism of the earlier fatigue crack growth models is retained to account for multiscaling of the fatigue process that involves the creation of macrocracks from the accumulation of micro damage.The effects of at least two scales,say micro to macro,must be accounted for.The same data can thus be reinterpreted by the invariancy of the transitional stress intensity factors such that the microcracking and macrocracking data would lie on a straight line.The threshold associated with the sigmoid curve disappears.Scale segmentation is shown to be a necessity for addressing multiscale energy dissipative processes such as fatigue and creep.Path independency and energy release rate are monoscale criteria that can lead to unphysical results,violating the first principles.Application of monoscale failure or fracture criteria to nanomaterials is taking toll at the expense of manufacturing super strength and light materials and structural components.This brief view is offered in the spirit of much needed additional research for the reinforcement of materials by creating nanoscale interfaces with sustainable time in service.The step by step consideraton at the different scales may offer a better understanding of the test data and their limitations with reference to space and time.
