Heavy precipitation events occur often over the western Sichuan Basin in summer, near the transition zone between the Sichuan Basin and the steep terrain of the Tibetan Plateau. One such event -- a heavy precipitation...Heavy precipitation events occur often over the western Sichuan Basin in summer, near the transition zone between the Sichuan Basin and the steep terrain of the Tibetan Plateau. One such event -- a heavy precipitation process that occurred on 18-20 August 2010, with clear nocturnal peaks -- is chosen as a case to tentatively explore how the convection associated with convectivescale precipitation is initiated and propagated. By utilizing the vertical momentum equation from the viewpoint of separating perturbation pressure into dynamic and thermal parts, it is demonstrated that the vertical momentum is induced by the imbalance of several forces, including the dynamic/buoyant part of the perturbation pressure gradient force and the buoyancy force, with the latter dominating during the nocturnal-peak period. Although a negative value of the dynamic perturbation pressure gradient force partly offsets the positive buoyant forcing inside the strong updraft, the pattern of vertical motion tendency is largely attributable to its buoyancy because of its larger magnitude. Relative to the buoyancy component, the dynamic part of the vertical perturbation pressure gradient is also examined, revealing a smaller order of magnitude. Thus, it is the thermal effect that should be responsible for the initiation and propagation of convection. As for the convective-scale precipitation, it always presents a trailing morphology relative to the strong leading-side updraft. Furthermore, overlapping strong signals of vertical motion and its tendency point towards strong precipitation in the future.展开更多
We perform langevin dynamics simulation for envelope solitons in an FPU-β lattice,with the nearestneighborinteraction and quartic anharmonicity.We get the motion equations of our discrete system by adding noiseand da...We perform langevin dynamics simulation for envelope solitons in an FPU-β lattice,with the nearestneighborinteraction and quartic anharmonicity.We get the motion equations of our discrete system by adding noiseand damping to the set of deterministic motion equations.We define'half-time'as the time when the amplitude of theenvelope soliton decreases by half due to damping.And then the mass,center and half-time of the perturbed envelopesoliton are numerically simulated,beginning with the discrete envelope soliton at rest.Results show successfully hownoise affects behavior of the envelope soliton.展开更多
基金supported by the National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation[grant number GYHY201406003]the Open Research Fund Program of the Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province[grant number PAEKL-2015-K3]+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 413750544157506441375052]
文摘Heavy precipitation events occur often over the western Sichuan Basin in summer, near the transition zone between the Sichuan Basin and the steep terrain of the Tibetan Plateau. One such event -- a heavy precipitation process that occurred on 18-20 August 2010, with clear nocturnal peaks -- is chosen as a case to tentatively explore how the convection associated with convectivescale precipitation is initiated and propagated. By utilizing the vertical momentum equation from the viewpoint of separating perturbation pressure into dynamic and thermal parts, it is demonstrated that the vertical momentum is induced by the imbalance of several forces, including the dynamic/buoyant part of the perturbation pressure gradient force and the buoyancy force, with the latter dominating during the nocturnal-peak period. Although a negative value of the dynamic perturbation pressure gradient force partly offsets the positive buoyant forcing inside the strong updraft, the pattern of vertical motion tendency is largely attributable to its buoyancy because of its larger magnitude. Relative to the buoyancy component, the dynamic part of the vertical perturbation pressure gradient is also examined, revealing a smaller order of magnitude. Thus, it is the thermal effect that should be responsible for the initiation and propagation of convection. As for the convective-scale precipitation, it always presents a trailing morphology relative to the strong leading-side updraft. Furthermore, overlapping strong signals of vertical motion and its tendency point towards strong precipitation in the future.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department under Grant No.07B075Interactive Project Fund of Xiangtan University under Grant No.061ND09Initial Scientific Research Fund of Xiangtan University
文摘We perform langevin dynamics simulation for envelope solitons in an FPU-β lattice,with the nearestneighborinteraction and quartic anharmonicity.We get the motion equations of our discrete system by adding noiseand damping to the set of deterministic motion equations.We define'half-time'as the time when the amplitude of theenvelope soliton decreases by half due to damping.And then the mass,center and half-time of the perturbed envelopesoliton are numerically simulated,beginning with the discrete envelope soliton at rest.Results show successfully hownoise affects behavior of the envelope soliton.
