南监本《南齐书》荻生徂徕批识的校勘价值

中华书局王仲荦点校的《南齐书》是目前该书最好的版本,吸收了国内古代到近现代学者的相关研究成果。然而尚有一海外校勘记——南监本《南齐书》荻生徂徕批识,较少为人关注,其校勘功能未能充分发掘。今对荻生批识的内容做进一步的分类、统计,并与中华书局标点本及其他相关研究成果进行详细地比勘、统计、辨析,得出荻生的批识总计614条,大体可分为指出异文、补出脱文、指出衍文等11类。批识中以指出异文和纠正误文为数最多。初步判断可靠的有297条,其中对中华书局本《南齐书》修订有补益的,至少120条,还有不少批识未详存疑,亦对中华书局本《南齐书》修订很有借鉴意义。

Kant, Fichte, and the Act of the I

Fichte＇s various articulations of the Wissenschaftslehre （＂theory of scientific knowledge＂） are self-conscious attempts to systematize Kant＇s critical philosophy. Fichte＇s notion of the pure I （ieh） serves as the theoretical starting-point for his exposition of transcendental idealism, and in many ways this concept is analogous to Kant＇s notion of the transcendental unity of apperception explained in the Critique of Pure Reason. This paper argues that although Fichte and Kant agree on （1） the active nature of the pure I, （2） the distinction between pure and empirical apperception, and （3） skepticism concerning the possibility of theoretical knowledge of any positive （i.e., noumenal） content of the pure I, their respective notions of pure apperception differ in that Kant affirms the conceptual priority of the pure I to its objects while Fichte denies the same. Fichte＇s departure from Kant on this point foreshadows many later recognition theories of consciousness, e.g., those of Hegel and Marx.

From Inert Knowledge to Activated Knowledge： Practical Ideas for Improving Student Learning

In this article, I argue for the integration of learner-centered, high impact practices for the typical day of instruction. In doing so, I build off of a general, but robust, theoretical framework designed to promote substantive self-reflection which orients the tactical suggestions for improving student learning. The recommendations are practical and easily adopted as resources for challenging students to develop general critical thinking skills and dispositions especially those addressing metacognition and questioning one＇s assumptions of knowledge and understanding.

Pedagogy in Bangladeshi Private Universities： Context, Culture, and Confusion

Pedagogy teaches teachers how to teach, so that they may effectively teach students how to learn; it offers important training for teachers to transform students from mere parrots of information into challengers of and innovators of knowledge. Yet, while Bangladesh has had a long history of university teaching, pedagogy has hardly entered the imagination of university educators. At the university level, pedagogical training would address cultural hindrances to students＇ advanced learning. Today＇s teachers are yesterday＇s students, with each generation being groomed in the same cultural patterns of learning that are continually repeated without examination. At the same time, the majority of faculties lack pedagogical methods for adjusting their teaching framework to accommodate the diversity of students＇ worldviews to nurture knowledge progression in classroom settings. Importantly, students acquire cultural practices of rote learning and memorization by way of lectures and homework that parrots texts and lectures. Many faculties are unaware that the purpose of a university is to stimulate new ideas and knowledge, provoke assumptions, and teach and encourage critical thinking. The pedagogical challenge also derives from Bengali culture, from which teachers assume a hierarchical mindset and attitude that is counter-productive to students＇ learning.

A Critical Analysis of CCTV News Crossover Discourse

The discourse we would like to go over and analyze is an episode of crossover. Crossover is a popular program of the international channel of CCTV （Chinese central television） news, which is broadcasted in English. In this paper, one of these topics, law of marriage is selected for our analysis, in which the interlocutors intend to discuss about the debate among people towards the new addition of marriage law. Corresponding to the development of every aspects of Chinese society, people＇s ideology, mindsets, and attitudes towards marriage are constantly changing; consequently, some traditional values are collapsed. Therefore, it is of great significance to have an insight into the ongoing changes of peoples＇ value towards marriage. The participants of this discourse cooperate very well to carry on their conversation in a very interesting way in a broadcast studio. This paper will primarily cover textual analysis, context analysis, and make a clear comparison from other genres of discourse to highlight its characteristics.

Critical Theory Between Tradition and Innovation： Axel Honneth and the New Paradigm of Recognition

In the actual political philosophical debate terms as dialectic, emancipation, social conflicts seem＇to have lost every actuality and the attempts to revitalize them often assume a nostalgic tone. in that tradition, only the term ＂criticism＂ is not looked with suspicious, hut rather it is associated in an automatic way to every analysis of the society, that has some normative claims and doesn＇t limit itself to a mere empirical description of the social reality. One of the few exceptions in this scenario is the attempt of Axel Honneth to connect the category of recognition to the original idea of the critical theory, without depriving it of his theoretical pregnancy, but at the same time eliminating his premises of philosophy of history. This study will start from the Honneth＇s reading of the first critical theory to analyze, secondly, the limits individualized by Honneth from the Habermas＇ sociological perspective, particularly those referred to his two levels model of society. The study will finally analyze the actuality of the category of recognition in relation to three problematic spheres： the cultural pluralism, the normativism, the connection between political philosophy and social theory.

The ＂Pictorial Turn＂ as Crisis and the Necessity of a Critique of Visual Culture

The ＂Pictorial＂ or ＂Iconic Turn＂ is a central issue in the contemporary theory of images and visual cultural studies. Should the theories concerning the ＂Iconic Turn＂ and formulated in the last 20 years by scholars such as Gottfried Boehm, William Mitchell, Hans Belting be taken as critical theories of crisis？ Is the currently experienced ＂turn towards images＂ （and their progressive rehabilitation after a long standing philosophical and theological rejection） a sign and symptom of some crisis of people＇s relation with images, language and, generally speaking, with the representation forms of reality？ The main hypothesis of this essay envisages two sets of problems： first, the analysis of the relation between the possible idea of turning point and the concept of crisis; secondly, the thorough investigation of the relation connecting the iconic turn to the project of ＂critical iconology＂ or ＂critique of visual culture,＂ as outlined by Hans Belting and William Mitchell. From the interpretation of the ＂Iconic Turn＂ as situation of crisis and aesthetic, anthropological, and epistemological transformation follows the need for the sciences of image to provide a ＂critical iconology＂ in order to be able to theoretically reformulate the ideological and political presuppositions of some dominant contemporary forms of visual representation.

A Critique on the Application of the Principle of Subsidiarity Concerning Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research in South Africa

Researchers from all around the world emphasize on the enormous possible benefits that stem cells may have for the treatment of diseases. However, this technology is considered morally problematic when the source of the stem cell is from a human embryo. Nonetheless, there is a consensus that of all the types of stem cells, hESC （human embryonic stem ceils） are the most promising for particular and important research and therapies. Yet, there are controversial issues regarding the ＂killing＂ of the human embryo for stem cell derivation. There are two general ethical conditions that should govern the instrumental use of embryo. One of them, the principle of subsidiarity, which is defined as ＂a state we have that we have to choose the less contentious means of achieving the intended goal＂. Based on this principle, we ought only to use hESC when there are no other alternatives, which are less morally controversially. Subsidiarity is based on the assumption that there is something ethically unsound about the use ofhESC. However, this principle only makes sense if it is based on consistently upheld views of the moral status of embryo, moreover, the law should also not limit or prohibit hESC research based on this principle. In this paper, I argue---using the South African law for hESC technology--that criterion for deciding which type of stem cells to use should be based on their potential and suitability for advancing scientific knowledge and development of new therapies which will be greatly beneficial in alleviating human suffering.

Sustaining the Gains of Change： Lessons for Organizational Leadership

With the aim of drawing valuable lessons for the management and planning of similar business transformation initiatives, this paper critically evaluates a change project at an organization in South Africa, from three inter-woven dimensions： creating the climate for change, engaging and enabling the organization, and sustaining change. Firstly, a key achievement demonstrates that attempts to create a conducive climate for change should recognize that the unit of change in any organization is, ultimately, the individual. Levers for such initiatives should navigate the macro-organizational change narrative and translate change generalities into specific individual actions and behaviors. Secondly, learning from an implementation gap, similar efforts would gain better traction in engagement and empowerment by leveraging on an influential cross-functional team made up of enthusiastic supporters of the required change, to foster ownership and to embrace change across the organization. Key characteristics that should be represented on the team include leadership skills, expertise, credibility, effective communication, and a sense of urgency. Thirdly, in terms of sustaining change, twin lessons surge to the fore. On a positive note, by progressing its values-set into an annual staff award, there is a pointer to the potential of innovatively encouraging and rewarding employees to live the value qualities. And, on the flip side, a need is underscore of the critical role of seamless executive leadership, providing ongoing co-creating windows for instilling positive attitudes and creating synergies among related strategic initiatives.

Beyond Binary Opposition： Reinterpretation of Mr. Pontellier in the Awakening

The American writer Kate Chopin＇s masterpiece, The Awakening published in the late 19th century is one of the classics in female literature. The heroine Edna having the courage to pursue self-reliance and express her self-awareness, is regarded as a ＂new woman＂, while the comments on her husband, Mr. Pontellier are quite negative--He regards Edna as a private property and a sexual tool, leading to her awakening and suicide. In this paper, the author reinterprets Mr. Pontellier with the method of close reading in new criticism, deeming that it is the binary opposition in thinking that leads to the misreading. Mr. Pontellier was just a follower of the tradition and custom. The objective evaluation and reinterpretation to him can help students to develop the habit of critical thinking and the courage to pursue truth is case they form a simple thinking mode of the binary opposition.

Beyond Logic of Discovery and Paradigmatic Consensus： A Reanalysis of the Popper-Kuhn Debate in the Philosophy of Science

There is no patina of doubt that the central philosophical theories of Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn concerning the nature, substance and method for acquiring scientific knowledge constitute milestones in 20th century philosophy of science. Just as Popper＇s fundamental work on the subject, The Logic of Scientific Discovery, marked a decisive break with inductivist epistemologies, Kuhn＇s magnum opus, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions （1962, enlarged ed. 1970）, inaugurated the coming of age of the historical turn in the philosophy of science. Some scholars seem to consider the main doctrines of both philosophers as irreconcilables or contradictories. This explains why, for example Popper and Popperians such as Imre Lakatos and John Watkins describe themselves as ＂critical rationalists＂, whereas they refer to Kuhn as an ＂irrationalist＂ or ＂relativist＂-appellations that the latter has consistently rejected. The debate between Popper and Kuhn, especially as contained in an important work, Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge （1970）, highlights some of the knotty problems connected with philosophical appraisals of science. It also demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses of logistic approaches in the philosophy of science, on the one hand, and of historically informed socio-psychological analysis of science, on the other. In this paper, we reexamine the Popper-Kuhn controversy from an experimentalist perspective. In other words, we argue that the ideas of testing and normal science can be systematically accommodated by fine-structure dissection of empirical research through which scientists learn about the world, based on the assumption that the progress of science is the growth of experimental knowledge-a fact often neglected in theory-dominated philosophies of science. Taking discovery of the cosmic background radiation by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson as example, the paper argues that important scientific discoveries have been accomplished even in the absence of theory in any obvious sense, a situation that conflicts with the theory-dominated models of Popper and Kuhn. Thus, it offers an account of how practicing scientists learn from research to control errors and avoid blind alleys. The paper affirms, in conclusion, that going beyond the theories of Popper and Kuhn requires that philosophers of science should take what scientists learn from experiments seriously when theorising about science, by taking into account normal testing or error detection and control strategies through which scientific knowledge is acquired and extended

湖南省图书馆藏王鸣韶稿本《鹤谿文稿》考辨

湖南省图书馆藏王鸣韶稿本《鹤谿文稿》是较为稀见的清代别集之一,该本收录王鸣韶不同时期24类各体文章192篇,是深入了解清代藏书家、书画家王鸣韶生平交游、文学创作以及诗学观念的重要史料。清代著名学者钱大昕、王昶、朱春生、汪照以及民国时期藏书家叶德辉、叶启勋等对稿本进行批校题跋,既有效补充了稿本作者及正文内容的相关资料,也全面展现了稿本发现、编辑和流传的过程,具有重要的文学批评史价值。

An Important Problem in the Holistic Study of Marxist Doctrine ——The Inner Logic and Implications of Marx＇s Philosophical and Economic Revolution

The inner logical connections between Marx＇s philosophical and economic revolutions are a crucial issue in the study of Marx＇s theory in its totality. They unfold in the course of Marx＇s critique of political economy, which goes beyond the domain of political economy, and his critique of philosophy, which goes beyond the domain of philosophy. Specifically, Marx formulated his methodology for political economy in his critique of philosophy and at the same time expanded the achievement of his initial completion of a philosophical revolution in his critique of political economy. Finally, in these two ＂interactive＂ critiques, he basically accomplished his economic revolution and perfected both the substance and form of his philosophical revolution. The inner logic connecting Marx＇s philosophical and economic revolutions offers important implications for research on Marxist philosophy in contemporary China. That is to say, the integrity of the theory of Marx （and Engels）, the founder（s） of Marxism, in fact implies a fundamental methodological requirement for later generations in studying and developing Marxist philosophy, namely, that they should always keep in mind the holistic nature of theory. Therefore, we need to have a cross-disciplinary consciousness which consists of critical awareness, problem awareness and awareness of the times.

MODELING AND PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION FOR MULTISTAGE SIMULATION OF MICROBIAL BIOCONVERSION IN BATCH CULTURE

The bioconversion of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol is a complex bioprocess. The item of product inhibition in the equation of Specific rate of cell growth is overlapped in [L. Wang, J. X. Ye, E. M. Feng and Z. L. Xiu, An improved model for multistage simula- tion of glycerol fermentation in batch culture and its parameter identification, Nonlinear Anal. Hybrid Syst. 3（4） （2009） 455462]. Therefore, in this work, the specific rate of cell growth is modified by the mechanism of multistage simulation of microbial bioconversion and the previous time-dependent model is converted to the autonomous standard form. The properties of the solutions for the nonlinear dynamic system are discussed and the identifiability of the parameters is proved. Finally the feasible optimization algorithm is constructed to find the optimal parameters for the system. Numerical result shows that the improved model with identified parameters can describe the batch culture better, compared with the previous results.