[ Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate the endophyte of three solanaceae fruits and vegetables such as tomato, pepper and eggplant, to screen and identify the bacterial wilt antagonistic bacteria. [ Methodl...[ Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate the endophyte of three solanaceae fruits and vegetables such as tomato, pepper and eggplant, to screen and identify the bacterial wilt antagonistic bacteria. [ Methodl According to the lapping liquid culture method, the endophyte of three plants was isolated by the selective medium and purified by the plate streaking method, so the purified enclophyte was screened by the hyphal pieces confront culture method. Furthermore, the screened antagonistic and endophyteic bacteria was identified and classified through culture characteristics of isolates and morphological features of thallus, Gram stain as well as physiological and biochemical reactions. [ Result] Fifty-three endophytic bacteria, fifty-three endophytic fungi and forty-four endophytic actinomycetes were separated from the endophyte of three plants. The screened fourteen endophytic bacteria with strong antagonistic effect on the bacterial wilt were classified to Bacillus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Agromonas, Erwinia and Curto Bacterium respectively. Especially, Bacillus was the dominant species, which had the strongest antagonistic effect on the bacterial wilt. [ Conclusion] This study provides an effective way for biological control of the bacterial wilt in solanaceae.展开更多
A study was conducted in the field of the Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu province from July 2000 to August 2003. The transgenic roundup-ready soybean was sown in the middle of the field in a circular manner for...A study was conducted in the field of the Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu province from July 2000 to August 2003. The transgenic roundup-ready soybean was sown in the middle of the field in a circular manner for 5 circles, with the distance of 3 m, from one circle to another. Then the wild soybean was planted in plots as the rays of the circles in 8 directions (N, E, W, S, NE, NW, SE and SW), spaced every 5 m until 50 m. Each plot comprised 25 plants. In the second year, the wild soybean seeds from the first year were planted in the field together with the original wild soybean as check. Before flowering time, high concentrations of roundups (about 4-5 times of the normal dose) were sprayed on the plants and the surviving plants were identified. The leaves were taken to the lab for DNA extraction to determine the unique DNA for roundup-ready soybean (CTAB method). About 2% of the plants survived, but some leaves were yellow. One plant of wild soybean was found to have the roundup-ready gene from the original roundup-ready soybean. The other surviving wild soybeans should also had some fragments of the roundup tolerance gene. However, the DNA bands were not very clear in the PCR map.展开更多
Nanoclay-enabled self-supporting printing has been emerging as a promising filament-based extrusion fabrication approach for different biomedical and engineering applications including tissue engineering. With the add...Nanoclay-enabled self-supporting printing has been emerging as a promising filament-based extrusion fabrication approach for different biomedical and engineering applications including tissue engineering. With the addition of nanoclay powders, liquid build materials may exhibit solid-like behavior upon extrusion and can be directly printed in air into complex three-dimensional structures. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of nanoclay on the extrudability of N-isopropylacrylamide （NIPAAm） and the effect of standoff distance on the print quality during nanoclay-enabled direct printing. It is found that the addition of nanoclay can significantly improve the NIPAAm extrudability and effectively eliminate die swelling in material extrusion. In addition, with the increase of standoff distance, deposited filaments change from over-deposited to well-defined to stretched to broken, the filament width decreases, and the print fidelity deteriorates. A mathematical model is further proposed to determine the optimal standoff distance to achieve better print fidelity during nanoclay-enabled direct printing. Based on the extrudability and standoff distance knowledge from this study, NIPAAm-Laponite nanoclay and NIPAAm-Laponite nanoclay-graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogel precursors are successfully printed into a three-layered one-dimensional responsive pattern, demonstrating the good extrudability and print quality during nanoclay-enabled printing under optimal printing conditions.展开更多
To review the latest research development of the solid lipid nanoparticles(SLN) according to the recent relevant literatures.Each preparations of the SLN have advantages and disadvantages.Among the total preparations ...To review the latest research development of the solid lipid nanoparticles(SLN) according to the recent relevant literatures.Each preparations of the SLN have advantages and disadvantages.Among the total preparations of the SLN.the high pressure homogenization(HPH) and the microemulsion tech- nique are to praise highly.The drug incorporation and release profiles could be modified as adjustment of production parameters.The SLNis an excellent drug delivery system and has broad prospects in the phar- maceutical field.展开更多
As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of t...As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of tropical plants as their importance in agriculture and germplasm, protection of coconut becomes more significant and thus DUS test technique of coconut is needed. In this essay, we analyzed the status quo of the DUS test guidelines by International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants(UPOV proj.3) and national DUS test guidelines in China, and provided some suggestions or promotions for improving the guidelines of DUS test in coconut.展开更多
The study of paper damage under bombardments of protons and X--rays is reported. An on--demand beam pulsing system is useful for the PIXE analysis of delicate objectS. IXX (or PIXE--induced XRF) is more suitable than ...The study of paper damage under bombardments of protons and X--rays is reported. An on--demand beam pulsing system is useful for the PIXE analysis of delicate objectS. IXX (or PIXE--induced XRF) is more suitable than PIXE in terms of damage to the sample. Some new PIXE and IXX applications of archaeological paper--like samples in recent years are given.展开更多
The paper deals with some questions of important aspects of food safety and application of principles of food physics in the food sector. Food production and processing of quality food and safe food are today of prima...The paper deals with some questions of important aspects of food safety and application of principles of food physics in the food sector. Food production and processing of quality food and safe food are today of primary importance. Food production is based on the principles of Good Agricultural Practice （GAP）, Good Manufactoring Practice （GMP） and Good Hygiene Practice （GHP）. Recently, the industrial food processing is focused dominantly on the quality, and one of the basic requirements of the quality is the safety. There are different methods and techniques to produce safe food. The up-to-date food technologies and quality measurements （quality control and quality assurance） involve the application of different physical methods, e.g., high pressure, pulsing electrical field, nondestructive techniques, e.g., nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, near infrared reflectance, near infrared transmittance （NIR-NIT）, photo acoustic spectroscopy （PAS） and instrumental neutron activation analysis （INAA） for chemical composition determination, radiation techniques, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis （RO） as well. Using ionizing radiation （nuclear methods） and non-ionizing radiation technologies, it is possible to fulfill a lot of expectations： decrease of microbial contamination, improve of sensory properties, increase of storability, etc..展开更多
文摘[ Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate the endophyte of three solanaceae fruits and vegetables such as tomato, pepper and eggplant, to screen and identify the bacterial wilt antagonistic bacteria. [ Methodl According to the lapping liquid culture method, the endophyte of three plants was isolated by the selective medium and purified by the plate streaking method, so the purified enclophyte was screened by the hyphal pieces confront culture method. Furthermore, the screened antagonistic and endophyteic bacteria was identified and classified through culture characteristics of isolates and morphological features of thallus, Gram stain as well as physiological and biochemical reactions. [ Result] Fifty-three endophytic bacteria, fifty-three endophytic fungi and forty-four endophytic actinomycetes were separated from the endophyte of three plants. The screened fourteen endophytic bacteria with strong antagonistic effect on the bacterial wilt were classified to Bacillus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Agromonas, Erwinia and Curto Bacterium respectively. Especially, Bacillus was the dominant species, which had the strongest antagonistic effect on the bacterial wilt. [ Conclusion] This study provides an effective way for biological control of the bacterial wilt in solanaceae.
文摘A study was conducted in the field of the Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu province from July 2000 to August 2003. The transgenic roundup-ready soybean was sown in the middle of the field in a circular manner for 5 circles, with the distance of 3 m, from one circle to another. Then the wild soybean was planted in plots as the rays of the circles in 8 directions (N, E, W, S, NE, NW, SE and SW), spaced every 5 m until 50 m. Each plot comprised 25 plants. In the second year, the wild soybean seeds from the first year were planted in the field together with the original wild soybean as check. Before flowering time, high concentrations of roundups (about 4-5 times of the normal dose) were sprayed on the plants and the surviving plants were identified. The leaves were taken to the lab for DNA extraction to determine the unique DNA for roundup-ready soybean (CTAB method). About 2% of the plants survived, but some leaves were yellow. One plant of wild soybean was found to have the roundup-ready gene from the original roundup-ready soybean. The other surviving wild soybeans should also had some fragments of the roundup tolerance gene. However, the DNA bands were not very clear in the PCR map.
基金This study was partially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation （NSF CMMI-1634755）.
文摘Nanoclay-enabled self-supporting printing has been emerging as a promising filament-based extrusion fabrication approach for different biomedical and engineering applications including tissue engineering. With the addition of nanoclay powders, liquid build materials may exhibit solid-like behavior upon extrusion and can be directly printed in air into complex three-dimensional structures. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of nanoclay on the extrudability of N-isopropylacrylamide （NIPAAm） and the effect of standoff distance on the print quality during nanoclay-enabled direct printing. It is found that the addition of nanoclay can significantly improve the NIPAAm extrudability and effectively eliminate die swelling in material extrusion. In addition, with the increase of standoff distance, deposited filaments change from over-deposited to well-defined to stretched to broken, the filament width decreases, and the print fidelity deteriorates. A mathematical model is further proposed to determine the optimal standoff distance to achieve better print fidelity during nanoclay-enabled direct printing. Based on the extrudability and standoff distance knowledge from this study, NIPAAm-Laponite nanoclay and NIPAAm-Laponite nanoclay-graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogel precursors are successfully printed into a three-layered one-dimensional responsive pattern, demonstrating the good extrudability and print quality during nanoclay-enabled printing under optimal printing conditions.
文摘To review the latest research development of the solid lipid nanoparticles(SLN) according to the recent relevant literatures.Each preparations of the SLN have advantages and disadvantages.Among the total preparations of the SLN.the high pressure homogenization(HPH) and the microemulsion tech- nique are to praise highly.The drug incorporation and release profiles could be modified as adjustment of production parameters.The SLNis an excellent drug delivery system and has broad prospects in the phar- maceutical field.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Interest of Ministry of Agriculture(200903008-15)
文摘As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of tropical plants as their importance in agriculture and germplasm, protection of coconut becomes more significant and thus DUS test technique of coconut is needed. In this essay, we analyzed the status quo of the DUS test guidelines by International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants(UPOV proj.3) and national DUS test guidelines in China, and provided some suggestions or promotions for improving the guidelines of DUS test in coconut.
文摘The study of paper damage under bombardments of protons and X--rays is reported. An on--demand beam pulsing system is useful for the PIXE analysis of delicate objectS. IXX (or PIXE--induced XRF) is more suitable than PIXE in terms of damage to the sample. Some new PIXE and IXX applications of archaeological paper--like samples in recent years are given.
文摘The paper deals with some questions of important aspects of food safety and application of principles of food physics in the food sector. Food production and processing of quality food and safe food are today of primary importance. Food production is based on the principles of Good Agricultural Practice （GAP）, Good Manufactoring Practice （GMP） and Good Hygiene Practice （GHP）. Recently, the industrial food processing is focused dominantly on the quality, and one of the basic requirements of the quality is the safety. There are different methods and techniques to produce safe food. The up-to-date food technologies and quality measurements （quality control and quality assurance） involve the application of different physical methods, e.g., high pressure, pulsing electrical field, nondestructive techniques, e.g., nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, near infrared reflectance, near infrared transmittance （NIR-NIT）, photo acoustic spectroscopy （PAS） and instrumental neutron activation analysis （INAA） for chemical composition determination, radiation techniques, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis （RO） as well. Using ionizing radiation （nuclear methods） and non-ionizing radiation technologies, it is possible to fulfill a lot of expectations： decrease of microbial contamination, improve of sensory properties, increase of storability, etc..
