增强企业活力的技术经济理论

增强企业活力是经济体制改革的中心环节.许多企业及其管理部门已从不同角度总结出一系列增强企业活力的丰富经验.如何将这些宝贵的实践经验上升为理论并进一步提高改革自觉性,已引起了人们普遍重视.本文应用系统观念与权变观念对此作一初探讨.

技术经济学的形成与发展

技术经济学的形成 技术经济学是中国的经济学家与广大技术经济工作者在总结了中国经济建设实践经验,在吸收国外相近学科——原苏联与东欧的工程技术经济学、工业经济学、西方的工程经济学、日本的经济性工程学等的有用成分的基础上建立的一门新兴的、不断发晨的学科。

Research on Application of information technology in agricultural economic management

In the current social, agricultural development is heavily influenced by the level of agricultural information development, so, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of information technology in order to maintain a sustained, steady and rapid development of agriculture, as well as we use information technology in all aspects of agricultural production, so as to make more rapid and stable development of Chinese agriculture. In Agricultural Economics and Management should focus on the help of information technology. The main author makes a brief analysis on the role of information technology in the agricultural economy and the management of specific applications, which is designed to promote the further development of Chinese agriculture.

Empirical Analysis on Urbanization Patterns in Zhejiang Province Based on Spatial Economy and GIS

Regional core cities are the growth poles for regional economic development, thus the issue about efficient urbanization pattern has always become a hot spot among researchers and policy makers. The Spatial Economy can be employed to improve it. Nevertheless, there actually exists an obvious gap between its theoretical models and the empirical simulation. To do so, this paper modifies the measurement of initial geographical advantages Stelder gave, and implements the empirical analyses of urban distribution in Zhejiang during the period of 1980-1990 by means of computer simulations in GIS environment. There are several interesting results achieved in this process. Firstly, given the values of parameters （transport cost is r, substitution elasticity of manufacturing sector p, and income share of spending on manufacture δ）, initial geographical advantages have the different impacts on urban systems, namely, urban locations, numbers and sizes over time across space. Secondly, the cities were distributed without any overlay in geographical space, which makes the patterns of urbanization generate the largest possible economic efficiencies. Thirdly, the urban systems-the location, number and size of Cities-from the simulation of the study area are suitable for the actual social and economic situations in the real world during the testing periods. Such results may have substantial implications for the policy how to choose the way of urbanization in a region.

Fourth Industrial Revolution:Technological Drivers,Impacts and Coping Methods

The world is marching into a new development period when the digital technology,physical technology,and biological technology have achieved an unprecedented development respectively in their own fields,and at the same time their applications are converging greatly.These are the three major technological drivers for the Fourth Industrial Revolution.This paper discusses the specific technology niches of each kind technological driver behind the Fourth Industrial Revolution,and then evaluates impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on global industrial,economic,and social development.At last this paper proposes possible measures and policies for both firms and governments to cope with the changes brought by the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

On the Economic Management of Information Technology in Agricultural Development and Strategy

According to the general trend of the global infonnation industry development, we should use the latest and best technology integration, starting from a high point at the same time with the actual situation; we should formulate a feasible development plan, implementing after repeated discussions of experts. In the study and formulation of a plan, we should be sure to consider things conducive to catch up with world advanced level, enabling urban and rural economic and social development. The construction of modern agriculture, development of the rural economy and increasing farmers＇ income is a major task of building a moderately prosperous societyin the new era. Information technology and marketing are important symbols of modern agriculture throughout the entire process and all areas of modem agriculture. Vigorously developing the information industry and promoting agricultural and rural economic information are important content of agriculture and rural work in the new era.

Research on the Action Mechanism of Technology Foresight in Strategic Emerging Industries----Take The Delphi Method And Technology Roadmap For Example

Developing strategic emerging industries is the major strategic initiative to accelerate the transformation of economic development while Technology Foresight is a very effective tool. This essay analyses the roles and limitations of Delphi method and Technology Roadmap in development of strategic emerging industries and offers suggestions on how to strengthen the effectiveness of Technology Foresight in it.

Research on the Action Mechanism of Technology Foresight in Strategic Emerging Industries --Take the Delphi Method and Technology Roadmap for Example

Developing strategic emerging industries is the major strategic initiative to accelerate the transformation of economic development while Technology Foresight is a very effective tool. This essay analyses the roles and limitations of Delphi method and Technology Roadmap in development of strategic emerging industries and offers suggestions on how to strengthen the effectiveness of Technology Foresight in it.

Technology Management of Capital Assets and Risks in the Service Sharing Economy： Cases of Uberization of Crowdfunding and Transportation in Mexico

Firms such as Airbnb, Uber, Blablacar have platforms for connecting owners of underused assets with clients through, the internet, thus allowing people to rent out their spare rooms, or book relay rides by acting as matchmakers, allocating resources where they are needed and charging a percentage of the cost in return. This phenomenon could be regarded from the point of view： （1） of Internet technology evolution from a network of computers to a network of people devoted to sharing their knowledge and user experience, coming further, as the Internet of Things （IoT）, and （2） as part of the increasing involvement of the user （consumer/client） in production and innovation processes. These approaches allow us to analyze service-user platform firms according to the different kinds of specific assets distribution and risks. The new organization is based on internet platform tools which integrate information, machinery, energy, and science, and costumer collaboration. We conclude that there are large profits for those firms based on platforms, as there are not yet any counterbalances through competition, posing the question about the needed or not of technology management regulation during this phase of service sharing economy. A selection of 17 service platform firms in Mexico involved in transportation and crowdfunding are described on the basis of their business model, the market and the distribution of assets and income

Evaluation of Material-based Development of China Using GIS Methods

Regional development is a course of accumulation based on many factors, which is directly related to resources utilization and conversion. And material wealth production and accumulation embody the outcome of regional development. Thus, focusing on material wealth, regional development can be evaluated from resources and perspective of resources conversion. Taking the infrastructural level, transportation accessibility and economic development level into full account, the concept of "material-based development" was presented and the material-based development index (MDI) model was established. By using the MDI model, geographic information system technology and mathematic methods, this article then calculated MDI of each county and province of China in 2005 and systematically evaluated the material-based development of China at county and provincial scales, so as to bring some scientific references and policy-making supports to the population development function oriented zoning and population spatial distribution planning of China. The result showed that: (1) At county scale, the material-based development of counties within China in 2005 was significantly different, in which there were 1876 counties belonging to the mid-level material-based development and accounted for 78.10% of the total. The numbers of high-level and low-level counties were 144 and 382 and accounted for 6.00% and 15.90% respectively, demonstrating a spindle shape in general. The spatial distribution of material-based development was unbalanced, and it was much better in southeastern part of the line of "Daxinganling–Yinshan-Liupanshan–southeast edge of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau" than that of northwestern. Furthermore, there were also differences of the sub-index between different material-based development levels. Therefore, for different regions, key issues and measures adaptable to local condition should be prioritized and taken in order to realize regional balance development. (2) At provincial scale, there was also significant difference between each province and the spatial distribution of it was "high in the east, low in the west" in general. It meant that the capacity of natural resources attraction and conversion of east China was better than that of west China. The infrastructure level was the main factor ac- counting for the differences of material-based development levelsamong provinces. As a result, our government should make great efforts to improve infrastructure condition, especially the western part of China, so as to narrow the gap between the western part and the eastern part to realize the coordinated development within different regions and rapidly socio-economic development of China.

The impact of information technology on human resource management mode and the selection factors

With the continuous development of information technology, information technology has penetrated into all walks of society, which has a growing influence on the socio-economic management including the impact of human resource management. From the nature of information processing and analysis of information technology, this thesis probes into the impact of information technology on human resource management model and builds a closed-loop model of modem human resources management with the support of information technology. This paper also analyzes the effect of the closed-loop model of modem human resources management supported by the information technology, as well as the requests of IT application in the future, which is designed to help people understand the human resource management from the perspective of IT applications.

Theoretical research and practical application of Mathematical economic models

Mathematical economic modeling is widely used to provide a reference for policy makers and guidance for the specific work of many departments, such as saving expenditures, reducing costs and improving profit. Particularly, it can predict and estimate the future, playing a great role in promoting the rapid development of science and technology as well as the management of market economy. In general, mathematics does not directly deal with the objective conditions on the management of market economy. In order to use mathematics to solve problems in the field of the management of market economic, it is necessary to carry out mathematical economic modeling.

The design of Three Gorges Hydropower Station

Using physical model and numerical simulation techniques, some technical problems were studied systemati- cally, including layout of power station, measures of sediment and floating debris discharging, types of intake, embed- ded types of spiral ease, layout of underground powerhouse tunnel group and block reinforcement. It was optimal in technique and economy with the arrangement of powerhouse at the dam-toe of both banks ＋ underground powerhouse in the right bank, as well as the intake with a single and small orifice. The sediment and debris problems could be solved with disperse sediment ejection and floating debris discharging holes. With the adoption of techniques for spiral cases such as heat and pressure preservation, cushion layer and combined embedding, the stable operation of generating units can be guaranteed. The arrangement of tailrace tunnel with sloping ceiling was better than that of tailrace surge tank. The technical requirements related to the embedding type of spiral case were proposed. The reinforcement of huge unfavorable blocks was discussed and the new idea for block reinforcement using anti-sliding piles and normal compressive stress of structural plane was put forward.

Analysis on the Charm and Application of Modem Craflwork Art Design

Modern craflwork art, based on traditional craflwork art, with the constant development of the social production level, gradually forms; and they have a very close relationship. But, today＇ s modern craftwork art is not completed by hands and simple tools and doesn＇ t depend on the limited natural materials to cope with today＇ s human life needs, but it must be equipped with the beauty wisdom, industrial science and technology, economic ideas and production and manufacturing technology, so that it can produce the modern craftworks full of the era significance. This paper first analyzes the charm of modern craftwork art design, and then explains how to use the modern craftwork art design, which has a certain practical value and reference significance.