The difference between stages I and ]]I of gastric gas- trointestinal stromal tumor depends principally on the number of mitosis. According with TNM classification, the presence in the tumor of high mitotic rate deter...The difference between stages I and ]]I of gastric gas- trointestinal stromal tumor depends principally on the number of mitosis. According with TNM classification, the presence in the tumor of high mitotic rate deter- mines the upgrading. Many studies exposed different count techniques in evaluating the number of mitosis. An international standardized method to assess mitotic rate is needed.展开更多
Some super high arch dams （ SHADs）, like Xiluodu Arch Dam, after their heights reaching the magnitude of 300 m, confront lots of technical challenges in design and construction. Several crucial technologies of 6 SHA...Some super high arch dams （ SHADs）, like Xiluodu Arch Dam, after their heights reaching the magnitude of 300 m, confront lots of technical challenges in design and construction. Several crucial technologies of 6 SHADs will be reviewed and discussed in this and consecutive papers, including Xiluodu, Jinping I in China, Baktiary in Iran, ete. , on the topics of the research method, criterion for evaluation and engineering application of dam safety analysis and evaluation, reasonable dam base interface, dam shape optimization, comprehensive treatments of complex foundation, anti-seismic engineering, dam construction material, concrete placement and temperature control, instrumentation and monitoring of dam operation, etc. This paper will mainly focus on the overall safety of SHADs, reasonable dam base interface analysis and evaluation and their engineering application.展开更多
According to overall mean square root of weighted deviation, presented an evaluation model of geology-technique-social conditions with a significant index system for the estimation of operating quality in productive c...According to overall mean square root of weighted deviation, presented an evaluation model of geology-technique-social conditions with a significant index system for the estimation of operating quality in productive coal mines. In the given example, the evaluation result is used to decide management strategy of coal mine, which plays a guiding role in the production.展开更多
The target system was built to evaluate the efficiency of technical innovation for 13 cities and three regions in Jiangsu province based on the data envelopment analysis. This paper comparatively analyzed the efficien...The target system was built to evaluate the efficiency of technical innovation for 13 cities and three regions in Jiangsu province based on the data envelopment analysis. This paper comparatively analyzed the efficiency of innovation and scaling return for each region in Jiangsu province. The projection analysis on production frontier face for inefficient regions was also performed. Evolving rules and regional difference of technical innovation system of Jiangsu province were explored. Some important results and suggestion were obtained.展开更多
During the evolution of the global economic, high and new technology industry has become the main driver to impel the global economy growth via technological advancement, and the main means to guarantee the sustainabl...During the evolution of the global economic, high and new technology industry has become the main driver to impel the global economy growth via technological advancement, and the main means to guarantee the sustainable development of the global economy. In the view of China’s situation, this article analyzes the experiences of OECD in high and new technology industry and gives a statistics index system along with the evaluation method to estimate the development of high and new technology industry.展开更多
On the basis of applying quantitative and qualitative approaches as well as GIS technology, this paper established an index system to make a comprehensive evaluation on socio-economic development of minority areas in ...On the basis of applying quantitative and qualitative approaches as well as GIS technology, this paper established an index system to make a comprehensive evaluation on socio-economic development of minority areas in China. The result showed that socio-economic development in minority area presents a series of characteristics that the north is high and the south is low, center-margin pattern is obvious and the areas with middle and lower development indices are distributed centrally and continuously. However, the causes of the socio-economic characteristics mainly include natural conditions, economic development basic, population cultural quality, re-gional combination and development conditions of mineral and energy resources, informal institutional factors and distribution of major traffic lines..展开更多
This article briefly introduced China’s law framework and technical standards related to environmental impacts assessment(EIA) for hydropower development, and the EIA developing process for hydropower development pla...This article briefly introduced China’s law framework and technical standards related to environmental impacts assessment(EIA) for hydropower development, and the EIA developing process for hydropower development planning. Authors summarized the working experiences about hydropower development planning EIA done in the recent years in China, discussed the considerations and methods of hydropower development planning EIA, and put forward the index system for hydropower development planning EIA initially.展开更多
Ecological degradation is a global problem, and ecological restoration technologies have played and will continue to play an important role in its mitigation. However, the lack of systematic research and evaluations o...Ecological degradation is a global problem, and ecological restoration technologies have played and will continue to play an important role in its mitigation. However, the lack of systematic research and evaluations of ecological technologies has thus far affected their effective application in vulnerable ecological regions. This study therefore provides an overview of the main technologies for remediating soil and water erosion, desertification, and rock desertification in China and throughout the world. It addresses key issues and recommends approaches for evaluating ecological restoration technologies. Restoration technology emerged as early as 1800. Over the years such technology has changed from single objective applications to multi-purpose, multi-objective applications employing strategies that take into account ecosystem rehabilitation and integrated ecological and socioeconomic development. Along with this technological evolution, different countries have taken pertinent actions as part of their restoration initiatives. However, key issues remain, including the lack of location-specific restoration technologies and a methodological strategy to assess and prioritize existing technologies. This study proposes a four-level analytical hierarchical framework in conjunction with an indicator system that highlights the establishment and adaptation of associative indicators, while also recommending a three-phase evaluation method（The Mert）, targeting The Mert to qualitative（quick and extensive） and quantitative（detailed） evaluations in order to select the most appropriate restoration technologies available. This study can also be used as a basis for understanding the evaluation and prioritization of restoration technologies, while increasing the awareness of decision makers and the public on the role of technology in restoring degraded ecosystems.展开更多
In this study, exergy efficiency is defined to evaluate convective heat transfer in a tube based on the local exergy destruction rate from the equilibrium equation of available potential. By calculating this destructi...In this study, exergy efficiency is defined to evaluate convective heat transfer in a tube based on the local exergy destruction rate from the equilibrium equation of available potential. By calculating this destruction rate, the local irreversibility of convective heat transfer can be evaluated quantitatively. The exergy efficiency and distribution of local exergy destruction rate for a smooth tube, an enhanced tube into which short-width twisted tape has been inserted, and an optimized tube with exergy destruction minimization are analyzed by solving the governing equations through a finite volume method(FVM). For the smooth tube, the exergy efficiency increases with increasing Reynolds number(Re) and decreases as the heat flux increases, whereas the Nusselt number(Nu) remains constant. For the enhanced tube, the exergy efficiency increases with increasing Reynolds number and increases as the short-width rate(w) increases. An analysis of the distribution of the local exergy destruction rate for a smooth tube shows that exergy destruction in the annular region between the core flow and tube wall is the highest. Furthermore, the exergy destruction for the enhanced and optimized tubes is reduced compared with that of the smooth tube. When the Reynolds number varies from 500 to 1750, the exergy efficiencies for the smooth, enhanced, and optimized tubes are in the ranges 0.367–0.485, 0.705–0.857, and 0.885–0.906, respectively. The results show that exergy efficiency is an effective evaluation criterion for convective heat transfer and the distribution of the local exergy destruction rate reveals the distribution of local irreversible loss. Disturbance in the core flow can reduce exergy destruction, and improve the exergy efficiency as well as heat transfer rate. Besides, optimization with exergy destruction minimization can provide effective guidance to improve the technology of heat transfer enhancement.展开更多
文摘The difference between stages I and ]]I of gastric gas- trointestinal stromal tumor depends principally on the number of mitosis. According with TNM classification, the presence in the tumor of high mitotic rate deter- mines the upgrading. Many studies exposed different count techniques in evaluating the number of mitosis. An international standardized method to assess mitotic rate is needed.
文摘Some super high arch dams （ SHADs）, like Xiluodu Arch Dam, after their heights reaching the magnitude of 300 m, confront lots of technical challenges in design and construction. Several crucial technologies of 6 SHADs will be reviewed and discussed in this and consecutive papers, including Xiluodu, Jinping I in China, Baktiary in Iran, ete. , on the topics of the research method, criterion for evaluation and engineering application of dam safety analysis and evaluation, reasonable dam base interface, dam shape optimization, comprehensive treatments of complex foundation, anti-seismic engineering, dam construction material, concrete placement and temperature control, instrumentation and monitoring of dam operation, etc. This paper will mainly focus on the overall safety of SHADs, reasonable dam base interface analysis and evaluation and their engineering application.
文摘According to overall mean square root of weighted deviation, presented an evaluation model of geology-technique-social conditions with a significant index system for the estimation of operating quality in productive coal mines. In the given example, the evaluation result is used to decide management strategy of coal mine, which plays a guiding role in the production.
基金Philosophy &Social Science Project of the Department of Education of Jiangsu Province( 0 3 SJD63 0 17)
文摘The target system was built to evaluate the efficiency of technical innovation for 13 cities and three regions in Jiangsu province based on the data envelopment analysis. This paper comparatively analyzed the efficiency of innovation and scaling return for each region in Jiangsu province. The projection analysis on production frontier face for inefficient regions was also performed. Evolving rules and regional difference of technical innovation system of Jiangsu province were explored. Some important results and suggestion were obtained.
文摘During the evolution of the global economic, high and new technology industry has become the main driver to impel the global economy growth via technological advancement, and the main means to guarantee the sustainable development of the global economy. In the view of China’s situation, this article analyzes the experiences of OECD in high and new technology industry and gives a statistics index system along with the evaluation method to estimate the development of high and new technology industry.
基金supported by the second innovation base project of philosophy and social science of 985 Engineering of the Central University for Nationalities (Grant No. CUN-985-3)
文摘On the basis of applying quantitative and qualitative approaches as well as GIS technology, this paper established an index system to make a comprehensive evaluation on socio-economic development of minority areas in China. The result showed that socio-economic development in minority area presents a series of characteristics that the north is high and the south is low, center-margin pattern is obvious and the areas with middle and lower development indices are distributed centrally and continuously. However, the causes of the socio-economic characteristics mainly include natural conditions, economic development basic, population cultural quality, re-gional combination and development conditions of mineral and energy resources, informal institutional factors and distribution of major traffic lines..
文摘This article briefly introduced China’s law framework and technical standards related to environmental impacts assessment(EIA) for hydropower development, and the EIA developing process for hydropower development planning. Authors summarized the working experiences about hydropower development planning EIA done in the recent years in China, discussed the considerations and methods of hydropower development planning EIA, and put forward the index system for hydropower development planning EIA initially.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0503700)
文摘Ecological degradation is a global problem, and ecological restoration technologies have played and will continue to play an important role in its mitigation. However, the lack of systematic research and evaluations of ecological technologies has thus far affected their effective application in vulnerable ecological regions. This study therefore provides an overview of the main technologies for remediating soil and water erosion, desertification, and rock desertification in China and throughout the world. It addresses key issues and recommends approaches for evaluating ecological restoration technologies. Restoration technology emerged as early as 1800. Over the years such technology has changed from single objective applications to multi-purpose, multi-objective applications employing strategies that take into account ecosystem rehabilitation and integrated ecological and socioeconomic development. Along with this technological evolution, different countries have taken pertinent actions as part of their restoration initiatives. However, key issues remain, including the lack of location-specific restoration technologies and a methodological strategy to assess and prioritize existing technologies. This study proposes a four-level analytical hierarchical framework in conjunction with an indicator system that highlights the establishment and adaptation of associative indicators, while also recommending a three-phase evaluation method（The Mert）, targeting The Mert to qualitative（quick and extensive） and quantitative（detailed） evaluations in order to select the most appropriate restoration technologies available. This study can also be used as a basis for understanding the evaluation and prioritization of restoration technologies, while increasing the awareness of decision makers and the public on the role of technology in restoring degraded ecosystems.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB228302)
文摘In this study, exergy efficiency is defined to evaluate convective heat transfer in a tube based on the local exergy destruction rate from the equilibrium equation of available potential. By calculating this destruction rate, the local irreversibility of convective heat transfer can be evaluated quantitatively. The exergy efficiency and distribution of local exergy destruction rate for a smooth tube, an enhanced tube into which short-width twisted tape has been inserted, and an optimized tube with exergy destruction minimization are analyzed by solving the governing equations through a finite volume method(FVM). For the smooth tube, the exergy efficiency increases with increasing Reynolds number(Re) and decreases as the heat flux increases, whereas the Nusselt number(Nu) remains constant. For the enhanced tube, the exergy efficiency increases with increasing Reynolds number and increases as the short-width rate(w) increases. An analysis of the distribution of the local exergy destruction rate for a smooth tube shows that exergy destruction in the annular region between the core flow and tube wall is the highest. Furthermore, the exergy destruction for the enhanced and optimized tubes is reduced compared with that of the smooth tube. When the Reynolds number varies from 500 to 1750, the exergy efficiencies for the smooth, enhanced, and optimized tubes are in the ranges 0.367–0.485, 0.705–0.857, and 0.885–0.906, respectively. The results show that exergy efficiency is an effective evaluation criterion for convective heat transfer and the distribution of the local exergy destruction rate reveals the distribution of local irreversible loss. Disturbance in the core flow can reduce exergy destruction, and improve the exergy efficiency as well as heat transfer rate. Besides, optimization with exergy destruction minimization can provide effective guidance to improve the technology of heat transfer enhancement.
