Application of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR in Plant

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR （RQ-PCR） is a detection method by adding fluorescent dye or fluorescent probe into the PCR reaction system, using fluorescent signal accumulation to monitor amplification reactions of PCR reaction process, and finally the unknown template can be quantitatively analyzed through the standard curve. So the detection level of PCR has improved from the qualitative to the quantitative. In order to provide a theoretical reference for further application, the principle, classification, advantages and disadvantages of RQ-PCR were intro- duced, and its application and progress in plants in recent years were reviewed.

Dignity and its related factors among older adults in long-term care facilities:A cross-sectional study

Objectives:This study aimed to explore the dignity and related factors among older adults in long-term care facilities.Methods:Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 253 Chinese older adults dwelling in long-term care facilities.Dignity among older adults was measured using the Dignity Scale,and its potential correlates were explored using multiple linear regressions.Results:Results showed that the total score of the Dignity Scale is 151.95±11.75.From high to low,the different factors of dignity among older adults in long-term care facilities were as follows:caring factors(4.83±0.33),social factors(4.73±0.41),psychological factors(4.66±0.71),value factors(4.56±0.53),autonomous factors(4.50±0.57),and physical factors(4.38±0.55).A higher score of the Dignity Scale was associated with higher economic status,fewer chronic diseases,less medication,better daily living ability and long-time lived in cities.Conclusion:Older adults with low economic status,more chronic diseases,and poor daily living ability,taking more medications,or the previous residence in rural areas seem to be most at low-level dignity in long-term care facilities and thus require more attention than their peers.

Thermal Treatment of Hydrocarbon-Impacted Soils＂ A Review of Technology Innovation for Sustainable Remediation

Thermal treatment technologies hold an important niche in the remediation of hydrocarbon- contaminated soils and sediments due to their ability to quickly and reliably meet cleanup standards. However, sustained high temperature can be energy intensive and can damage soil properties. Despite the broad applicability and prevalence of thermal remediation, little work has been done to improve the environmental compatibility and sustainahility of these technologies. We review several common thermal treatment technologies for hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, assess their potential environmental impacts, and propose frameworks for sustainable and low-impact deployment based on a holistic consideration of energy and water requirements, ecosystem ecology, and soil science. There is no universally appropriate thermal treatment technology. Rather, the appropriate choice depends on the contamination scenario （including the type of hydrocarbons present） and on site-specific considerations such as soil properties, water availability, and the heat sensitivity of contaminated soils. Overall, the convergence of treatment process engineering with soil science, ecosystem ecology, and plant biology research is essential to fill critical knowledge gaps and improve both the removal efficiency and sustainability of thermal technologies.

Multi-objectives fuzzy optimization model for ship form demonstration based on information entropy

Selecting optimization ship form scheme is an important content in the process of concept design of ship. Multi-objective fuzzy decision-making model for ship form demonstration is set up according to the fuzzy pattern-recognition theory. Weight coefficients of each target of ship form scheme are determined by information entropy and individual subjective partiality. This model is used to select the optimal ship form scheme, the example shows that the model is exact and the resuh is credible. It can provide a reference for choosing the optimization scheme of ship form.

Classical Communication Cost and Remote Preparation of Multi-qubit with Three-Party

We present a scheme for probabilistic remote preparation of multi-qubit with three-party from a sender to either of two receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a partial entangled tripartite GHZ state. We obtain the successful totM probability of the scheme in the general case and special case, respectively. We also calculate total classical communication cost required in the RSP process with three-party in the general case and special case, respectively.

Study on temperature property of band structures in one-dimensional photonic crystals

Using transfer matrix method, the optical transmission properties in one-dimensional （l-D） photonic crystal is analyzed, When the temperature varies, not only the refractive index of the optical medium is changed because of the thermo-optical effect, but also the thickness of the optical medium is changed due to the thermal-expansion effect. Thus, the structure of 1/4 wave-plate stack in original photonic crystal is destroyed and the band structure varies. In this work, the effects of the temperature variation on the first and second band gap in a I-D photonic crystal are analyzed in detail. It is found that the changes of the starting wavelength, the cut-off wavelength and the forbidden band width depend linearly on the temperature.

Weed Recognition Using Image-Processing Technique Based on Leaf Parameters

Weeds normally grow in patches and spatially distributed in field. Patch spraying to control weeds has advantages of chemical saving, reduced cost and environmental pollution. Advent of electro-optical sensing capabilities has paved the way of using machine vision technologies for patch spraying. Machine vision system has to acquire and process digital images to make control decisions. Proper identification and classification of objects present in image holds the key to make control decisions and use of any spraying operation performed. Recognition of objects in digital image may be affected by background, intensity, image resolution, orientation of the object and geometrical characteristics. A set of 16, including 11 shape and 5 texture-based parameters coupled with predictive discriminating analysis has been used to identify the weed leaves. Geometrical features were indexed successfully to eliminate the effect of object orientation. Linear discriminating analysis was found to be more effective in correct classification of weed leaves. The classification accuracy of 69% to 80% was observed. These features can be utilized for development of image based variable rate sprayer.

SATVPC:Secure-agent-based trustworthy virtual private cloud model in open computing environments

Private clouds and public clouds are turning mutually into the open integrated cloud computing environment,which can aggregate and utilize WAN and LAN networks computing,storage,information and other hardware and software resources sufficiently,but also bring a series of security,reliability and credibility problems.To solve these problems,a novel secure-agent-based trustworthy virtual private cloud model named SATVPC was proposed for the integrated and open cloud computing environment.Through the introduction of secure-agent technology,SATVPC provides an independent,safe and trustworthy computing virtual private platform for multi-tenant systems.In order to meet the needs of the credibility of SATVPC and mandate the trust relationship between each task execution agent and task executor node suitable for their security policies,a new dynamic composite credibility evaluation mechanism was presented,including the credit index computing algorithm and the credibility differentiation strategy.The experimental system shows that SATVPC and the credibility evaluation mechanism can ensure the security of open computing environments with feasibility.Experimental results and performance analysis also show that the credit indexes computing algorithm can evaluate the credibilities of task execution agents and task executor nodes quantitatively,correctly and operationally.

Speed-up for N-FINDR algorithm

N-FINDR is a very popular algorithm of endmember (EM) extraction for its automated property and high efficiency. Unfortunately, innumerable volume calculation, initial random selection of EMs and blind searching for EMs lead to low speed of the algorithm and limit the applications of the algorithm. So in this paper two measures are proposed to speed up the algorithm. One of the measures is substituting distance calculation for volume calculation. Thus the avoidance of volume calculation greatly decreases the computational cost. The other measure is resorting dataset in terms of pixel purity likelihood based on pixel purity index (PPI) concept. Then, initial EMs can be selected well-founded and a fast searching for EMs is achieved. Numerical experiments show that the two measures speed up the original algorithm hundreds of times as the number of EMs is more than ten.

Quantum Secure Communication by Using GHZ State in High-Dimensional Hilbert Space

We propose a quantum superdense coding secure communication scheme by using GHZ state.This scheme combines the ideas of quantum superdense coding and sequence transmission.Its distinct advantage is high source capacity.In addition,in checking eavesdropping,we need not to destroy quantum entanglement.

Entangled State Representation for Four-Wave Mixing

We introduce the entangled state representation to describe the four-wave mixing.We find that the four- wave mixing operator,which engenders the correct input-output field transformation,has a natural representation in the entangled state representation.In this way,we see that the four-wave mixing process not only involves squeezing but also is an entanglement process.This analysis brings convenience to the calculation of quadrature-amplitude measurement for the output state of four-wave mixing process.

Dynamic capabilities-based strategy innovation： a theoretical framework and empirical studies in Chinese firms

Based on investigations of 112 Chinese firms and studies on foreign leading corporations, a theoretical framework of dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation (SI) is put forward. Several large firms in China winning through SI were studied empirically. This paper complements previous publications on the theories of innovation and strategy. This work's findings will be useful for managers interested in our approach, which highlights the importance of SI and focuses on and points out the major pitfalls in the innovation processes. Implementing the dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation can effectively cultivate and develop core competences of corporations. It is concluded that implementing SI is the only path for Chinese enterprise growth in the intensified competition in the knowledge economy.

Study the Physical, Chemical, Mineralogical, and Geo-technical Properties of Soils Used in Pottery Industries, Kurdistan-lraq

The study area is located in Duhok and Sulaimania province in Kurdistan region, lraq. Study soils developed from parent material that has derived from limestone. Randomize, composed and disturbed surface soil samples were collected. The bulk soils were air dried, crushed and passed through 2 mm sieve. Standard methods were used for chemical, physical, geotechnical and mineralogical analyses of soil samples. The results indicated that the study soils texture were clay to loam clay, this texture was considered as suitable for ceramic and pottery industries as a result of increasing clay contents that ranged between 301 g/kg and 676 g/kg. Soil consistence depending on geotechnical properties increased the ability of study soils for resistance rapture and deformation. Existence the high amount of cementing agents in study soils such as organic matter, iron oxides and particularly total carbonate （247.2-308.8 g/kg） act to reduce the bad effect of the smectite minerals group （high shrinkage） in soils of study locations through increasing the resistance of these soils for rupture and deformation. The existing of Kaolinite, palygorskite and chlorite allows clay to be dried in ceramic and pottery industries without cracking from shrinkage. Study soils were different in their colors as a result of existence, different pigmentation materials that led to coloring soils with different colors in turn caused coloring of pottery and ceramic materials. Since, there are no available academic studies or researches about this subject in Kurdistan region in addition the clay pottery and ceramic sector still has a good market at the same time using this type of soils for arts, therefore, this study was conducted.

Theoretical Studies on the Fe-M Interactions and 31p NMR in Fe（CO）3（EtPhPpy）2MX2 （X=NCS, SCN, CI; M=Zn, Cd, Hg）

To study the Fe-M interactions and their effects on 31p NMR, the structures of Fe（CO）3（EtPhPpy）2 1, Fe（CO）3（EtPhPpy）2M（NCS）2 （2： M=Zn, 3： M=Cd, 4： M=Hg） and Fe（CO）3（EtPhPpy）2CdX2 （5： X=C1, 6： X=SCN） were investigated by density functional theory （DFT） PBE0 method. The stabilities S of complexes follow S（2）〉S（3）〉S（4） and S（3）,.~S（6）〉S（5）, indicating that 6 is stable and may be synthesized. The complexes with thiocyanate are more stable than that with chloride in Fe（CO）3（EtPhPpy）2CdX2. The strength I of Fe-M interactions follows I（2）≈I（3）〈I（4）. The Fe-Cd interactions of 3 and 6, which contain thiocyanate, are stronger than that of 5 with chloride. The charge-transfer, which enhances with the increasing of Fe-M interaction strength, comes from Et, Ph, py, CO groups towards P, Fe, and M atoms. Because the delocalization of thiocyanate disperses the charge of M2＋, the charge-transfer of the complexes with thiocyanate is stronger than that with chloride. There is a a-bond between Fe and Hg atoms in 4. However, in binuclear complexes except 4, the Fe-M interactions act as nFe→nM, σP-Fe→nM and σC-Fe→nM delocalization, and the N-M interactions mainly act as nN→nM delocalization. In binuclear complexes, due to the Fe→M interactions, the strong σFe--C→σ＊Fe--p or σFe-Hg→σ＊Fe--I2 delocalization and the charge-transfer, the electron density on P nucleus is increased, and thus upfield 31p chemical shifts are caused （compared with mononuclear complex 1）.

Topo semantic constraint-violations in spatial database

Aiming at the problem that current geographical information systems(GIS)usually does not maintain semantic and user-defined constraints out of three consistency-constrains(third refers to topology constraint),this research focuses on building an efficient spatial data management system using two constraint violation detection methods.An algorithm for constraint violation detection has been derived to maintain the error-free up-to-date spatial database.Results indicate that the developed constraint violation detection(CVD)system is more efficient compared with conventional systems.

Ambient temperature desulfurizer of nano-ZnO modified with cerium

The compound nano-ZnO modified with Ce was prepared by homogeneous precipitation.IR,XRD and dynamic experiments show that the crystal size of nano-ZnO desulfurizer is decreased after being modified with Ce and its desulfurization activities are improved greatly.When calcined at 270 ℃,Ce distributes evenly on the ZnO particle surface as amorphous state oxides,and the amorphous ZnO·H2O also exists;when the calcining temperature is 570 ℃,the crystal CeO2 separates out and the amorphous structure of zinc oxide disappears,at the same time,the crystal is perfect and its size increases,but the desulfurization activities decrease.The desulfurization product of nano-ZnO modified with Ce was analyzed with XPS.The results show that the adsorption compound of HS,S and ZnS exists on the surface of the desulfurizer.

Semi-definite programming based pulse waveform design and its further analysis

In order to provide a judicious pulse waveform design required for ultra-wideband(UWB)communication to enable the UWB spectral mask compatible and coexistent with other existing wireless communication systems,a semi-definite programming(SDP)based pulse waveform design method for UWB radios is introduced and a further analysis is given in this paper.By using Sedumi and Yalmip toolboxes of Matlab,the procedure of solving the SDP problem is simplified.Simulation results show that this SDP based pulse waveform design method can be used to design pulses that fulfill the Federal Communications Commission(FCC)spectral mask strictly and optimize the power efficiency at the same time.This paper also analyzes the influences of the power efficiency duing to the changes of sampling interval and the number of combined pulses,and then the optimal sampling interval that maximizes the transmission power can be found.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Mechanism for Formation of Novel Micro-Micro-Mesoporous Aluminosilicate Composite Zeolite

A novel micro-micro-mesoporous aluminosilicate LS-BFMZ （low-silica-BEA（beta）-faujasite （Y）-mesoporous） composite zeolite with the MCM-41 type structure was synthesized through a novel process involving the self- assembly of CTAB surfactant micellae with silica-alumina source originated from alkaline treatment of the beta zeolite. The physical properties of the LS-BFMZ composite zeolite were characterized using various techniques, including XRD, IR and SEM techniques. Meanwhile, a possible mechanism regarding the formation of the LS-BFMZ composite zeolite was proposed.

Development of RSDS-III Technology for Ultra-Low-Sulfur Gasoline Production

The 3rd generation catalytic cracking naphtha selective hydrodesulfurization(RSDS-III) technology developed by RIPP included the catalysts selective adjusting(RSAT) technology, the development of new catalysts and optimized process conditions. The pilot plant test results showed that the RSDS-III technology could be adapted to different feedstocks. The sulfur content dropped from 600 μg/g and 631 μg/g to 7 μg/g and 9 μg/g, respectively, by RSDS-III technology when feed A and feed B were processed to meet China national V gasoline standard, with the RON loss of products equating to 0.9 units and 1.0 unit, respectively. While the feed C with a medium sulfur content was processed according to the full-range naphtha hydrotreating technology, the sulfur content dropped from 357 μg/g in the feed to 10 μg/g in gasoline, with the RON loss of product decreased by only 0.6 units. Thanks to the high HDS activity and good selectivity of RSDS-III technology, the ultra-low-sulfur gasoline meeting China V standard could be produced by the RSDS-III technology with little RON loss.

Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Land Use Intensity of Coastal Zone in China During 2000–2010

Based on remote sensing and GIS techniques, land use maps in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in China′s coastal zone were produced, and structural raster data of land use were further generated to calculate land use intensity comprehensive index(LUICI) for analyzing land use spatial-temporal characteristics at 1 km scale. Results show that: 1) from the perspective of spatial patterns of landforms at a macro scale, there is a significant difference in land use intensity between the north and the south of China′s coastal zone. Hotspots of changes mainly concentrated in metropolitan areas, estuaries and coastal wetlands; 2) elevation is an important factor that controlling land use spatial patterns at local scale. Land use intensity is much higher within areas below the elevation of 400 m and it decreased significantly as the elevation increasing; 3) there is a significant land-ocean gradient for land use intensity, which is low in island and near-shore areas, but high in the regions that 4–30 km far away the coastline because of much intensive human activities; however, in recent decades land use intensity had been promoted significantly in low near-shore area due to extensive sea reclamations; 4) significant differences of land use intensity were also found among provincial administrative units. A rising trend of land use intensity was found in provincial-level administrative units from 2000 to 2010. To sum up, elevation, land-ocean gradient, socio-economic status and policy are all influencing factors to the spatial patterns and temporal variations of land use intensity in China′s coastal zone.