A novel semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm in DWT domain is proposed in this paper.This method transforms the original audio into 3-layer wavelet domain and divides approximation wavelet coefficients into many ...A novel semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm in DWT domain is proposed in this paper.This method transforms the original audio into 3-layer wavelet domain and divides approximation wavelet coefficients into many groups.Through computing mean quantization of per group,this algorithm embeds the watermark signal into the average value of the wavelet coefficients.Experimental results show that our semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm is not only inaudible and robust against various common images processing,but also fragile to malicious modification.Especially,it can detect the tampered regions effectively.展开更多
Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation process is an efficient measure for treatment of wastewater with great strength which is not biodegradable. Heterocatalysts now become the key investigation subject of catalytic wet air oxi...Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation process is an efficient measure for treatment of wastewater with great strength which is not biodegradable. Heterocatalysts now become the key investigation subject of catalytic wet air oxidation process due to their good stability and easy separation. In the paper, CuO-SnO2-CeOγ-Al2O3 catalysts are prepared by impregnation method, with SnO2 as a doping component, CuO as an active component, CeO2 as a structure stabilizer, γ-Al2O3 as a substrate. XPS test is carried out to investigate the effect of Sn on the chemical surrounding of Cu and O element on the catalyst surface and their catalytic activity. It is shown that the right doping of Sn can increase Cu^＋ content on the catalyst surface, as a result the quantity of adsorption oxygen is also increased. It is found that Cu^＋ content on the catalyst surface is one of the primary factors that determin catalytic activity of catalyst through analyzing the catalytic wet air oxidation process of phenol.展开更多
Method for decolrizing dyed wastewater was researched and the affecting factors dicussed. The result shows that the conditions for getting an optimum decolorization effect are: a reaction time of 60 min, a coke size o...Method for decolrizing dyed wastewater was researched and the affecting factors dicussed. The result shows that the conditions for getting an optimum decolorization effect are: a reaction time of 60 min, a coke size of 5～10 mm, a solid/liquid ratio of 1∶10, an air blast volume of 4 m3/h, and proper Fe/coke ratio determined by the type of dye material. The system acidity influences dyed wastewater in different ways, i.e., acid condition is good for the decolorization of scarlet 3R and methyl orange simulated wastewater but bad for that of alkali violet 5BN simulated wastewater, while the decolorization of dispersed yellow E-RGFL simulated wastewater has nothing to do with pH.展开更多
A semiautomatic segmentation method based on active contour is proposed for computed tomography (CT) image series. First, to get initial contour, one image slice was segmented exactly by C-V method based on Mumford-Sh...A semiautomatic segmentation method based on active contour is proposed for computed tomography (CT) image series. First, to get initial contour, one image slice was segmented exactly by C-V method based on Mumford-Shah model. Next, the computer will segment the nearby slice automatically using the snake model one by one. During segmenting of image slices, former slice boundary, as next slice initial contour, may cross over next slice real boundary and never return to right position. To avoid contour skipping over, the distance variance between two slices is evaluated by an threshold, which decides whether to initiate again. Moreover, a new improved marching cubes (MC) algorithm based on 2D images series segmentation boundary is given for 3D image reconstruction. Compared with the standard method, the proposed algorithm reduces detecting time and needs less storing memory. The effectiveness and capabilities of the algorithm were illustrated by experimental results.展开更多
A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed from straight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint (MLOFC), a polynomial equation relat...A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed from straight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint (MLOFC), a polynomial equation relating motion models and line parameters. The motion models can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MLOFC at the corresponding line measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that line. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences were also presented.展开更多
The research employed the adsorption isotherm measurement, the batch kinetic adsorption and the rapid small-scalecarbon column test （RSSCT） to find out the characteristics and main impacting factors of＇granular act...The research employed the adsorption isotherm measurement, the batch kinetic adsorption and the rapid small-scalecarbon column test （RSSCT） to find out the characteristics and main impacting factors of＇granular activated carbon （GAC） adsorption, in treating the textile dyeing-printing/polyester alkali de-weighting secondary effluent （TSE）. The adsorption affinities and capacities for the organics surrogated by CODCr, color and UV254 （UV absorbency-at λ= 254 nm） predicted by isotherm, small- seale-fixed bed were discussed. ＇Adsorption rates for CODCr, color and UV254 are much different and carbon particle size dependent. The color adsorption rate and capacity should be taken as the main consideration factors in designing bioactivated carbon filter（BACF）. The breakthrough of GAC adsorption column is mainly influenced by the low MW readily adsorbable organics in TSE. UV254, is a good adsorption breakthrough indicator. The study provides references for BACFs＇ design and operation control in textile secondary effluent （TSE） tertiary treatment.展开更多
Intensity flicker is a common form of degradation in archived film. Most algorithms on this distortion are complicated and uncontrolled. This paper presented a discrete mathematical model of flicker, designed a block-...Intensity flicker is a common form of degradation in archived film. Most algorithms on this distortion are complicated and uncontrolled. This paper presented a discrete mathematical model of flicker, designed a block-based estimation method of the model＇s parameters according to their features of intensity variation in large area. With this estimation result it constructed a compensation model to repair the current frame. This restoration approach is full automatic and the repair process of current frame does not need the information of frames behind it. The algorithm was realized to establish a simple and adjustable repair system. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can remove most intensity flicker and preserve tho wanted effects.展开更多
The performance of the traditional Voice Activity Detection （VAD） algorithms declines sharply in lower Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR） environments. In this paper, a feature weighting likelihood method is proposed for...The performance of the traditional Voice Activity Detection （VAD） algorithms declines sharply in lower Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR） environments. In this paper, a feature weighting likelihood method is proposed for noise-robust VAD. The contribution of dynamic features to likelihood score can be increased via the method, which improves consequently the noise robustness of VAD. Divergence based dimension reduction method is proposed for saving computation, which reduces these feature dimensions with smaller divergence value at the cost of degrading the performance a little. Experimental results on Aurora Ⅱ database show that the detection performance in noise environments can remarkably be improved by the proposed method when the model trained in clean data is used to detect speech endpoints. Using weighting likelihood on the dimension-reduced features obtains comparable, even better, performance compared to original full-dimensional feature.展开更多
Developing new techniques to remove and recover phosphorous simultaneously from wastewaters is very important for sustainable utilization of phosphorous resource and prevention of eutrophication. The feasibility of ph...Developing new techniques to remove and recover phosphorous simultaneously from wastewaters is very important for sustainable utilization of phosphorous resource and prevention of eutrophication. The feasibility of phosphorus bioaccumulation in a novel continuous alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter and benefits of such accumulation for its further recovery as magnesium ammonia phosphate (MAP) were studied. The system was operated for seven months and employed the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) method to analyze the distribution change of magnesium and calcium with phosphate in the biofilter during that period. The benefits of utilizing the biofilter system to accumulate phosphorous & magnesium and suppress calcium simultaneously to phosphorous recovery as MAP were explained with the aid of chemical equilibrium models. The improved phosphorus recovery from 42% to 82% was approved in the recovery experiments and the recovery products mainly as MAP were evidenced and characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) . The study provides references for designing and operating the novel alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter for phosphorus bioaccumulation and recovery.展开更多
Objective： To compare the survival fractions and radiation-induced complications of conventional radiotherapy （CV） vs. conformal radiotherapy （CF） for non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC） after surgical resection...Objective： To compare the survival fractions and radiation-induced complications of conventional radiotherapy （CV） vs. conformal radiotherapy （CF） for non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC） after surgical resection. Methods： Between 1990 and 2002, 167 patients underwent post-radiotherapy either CV （n = 90） or CF （n = 77） for pathological IliA NSCLC at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Patients and tumor charactedstics were balanced in the two treatment groups. Surgical resection mainly consisted of Iobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection. In the CV group, postoperative radiotherapy was delivered to 54.3 Gy （range 22-69.6 Gy） in 27 fractions （range 11-58 f） for 5-6 weeks, while the CF group with RT to 53.9 Gy （range 50-63 Gy） in 26 fractions （range 25-33 f） for 5-6 weeks. Overall survival, disease-free survival, local control and distant metastasis-free survival were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The complications of radiotherapy were also compared between the two groups. The median follow-up duration was 36 months in the CV group while 24 months in the CF group. Results： No statistically significant differences were found in terms of disease-free survival, local-regional control and distant metastasis-free survival in the two treatment groups. However, the overall survival was found statistically significant different in the two groups （P = 0.014）. Postoperative radiotherapy complications such as weight loss, skin reaction, dysphagia, and cardiac related complication were similar in the two groups although the lung fibrosis, cardiac complications and hematologic complications were significantly different, and 8 cases of death in the CV group associated with cardiac complications while none was observed in the CF group. Conclusion： The treatment of stage IliA NSCLC using either CV or CF postoperative radiotherapy resulted in similar outcomes in terms of local control, disease-free survival and most of complications. However, CF could achieve better overall survival and less complications such as lung fibrosis, cardiac complications and hematologic complications. The advantage is worth further observation.展开更多
A chromochemical reactive mass transfer technique has been employed to study local mass transfer characteristics of structured packing. This technology adopted by experiment is an Ammonia Adsorption Method （AAM） tha...A chromochemical reactive mass transfer technique has been employed to study local mass transfer characteristics of structured packing. This technology adopted by experiment is an Ammonia Adsorption Method （AAM） that yields the surface distribution of transferred mass by analyzing the color distribution on a filter paper with the results of the color chemical reaction. A digital image processing technology is applied for data visualiza-tion. The three-dimensional plot of the local mass transfer coefficients shows that there exist three peak values on different positions of a unit cell of structured packing. In order to improve mass transfer efficiency of the structured packing, one piece of baffle is added between packing sheets. As a result, the average mass transfer coefficient increases by （10 20）% and the pressure drop decreases by （15-55）%.展开更多
A satellite navigation receiver that can suppress jamming interference and spoofing interference simuhaneously is designed in this paper. An anti-jamming improved constrained spacial adaptive processing algorithm in s...A satellite navigation receiver that can suppress jamming interference and spoofing interference simuhaneously is designed in this paper. An anti-jamming improved constrained spacial adaptive processing algorithm in signal processing and an anti-spoofing M-estimator based extended Kalman filter algorithm in information processing are proposed respectively. Simulations of the integral designed anti-interferences satellite navigation receiver demonstrate that the designed anti-interferences receiver can suppress jamming signals efficiently （ above 40 dB） and ensure the normal reception of satellite signals while satellite signals and jamming signals have the similar direction of arrival （ almost 10° ）. The designed anti-interference receiver can effectively eliminate the influence of spoofing signals on the navigation solution accuracy and maintain high accuracy of position and velocity estimation, which improves the anti-jamming and anti-spoofing capability of the satellite navigation receiver.展开更多
基金We wish to thank the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program） for Grant 2007CB311203, the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Grant 60821001, the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education for Grant 20070013007 under which the present work was possible.
文摘A novel semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm in DWT domain is proposed in this paper.This method transforms the original audio into 3-layer wavelet domain and divides approximation wavelet coefficients into many groups.Through computing mean quantization of per group,this algorithm embeds the watermark signal into the average value of the wavelet coefficients.Experimental results show that our semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm is not only inaudible and robust against various common images processing,but also fragile to malicious modification.Especially,it can detect the tampered regions effectively.
文摘Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation process is an efficient measure for treatment of wastewater with great strength which is not biodegradable. Heterocatalysts now become the key investigation subject of catalytic wet air oxidation process due to their good stability and easy separation. In the paper, CuO-SnO2-CeOγ-Al2O3 catalysts are prepared by impregnation method, with SnO2 as a doping component, CuO as an active component, CeO2 as a structure stabilizer, γ-Al2O3 as a substrate. XPS test is carried out to investigate the effect of Sn on the chemical surrounding of Cu and O element on the catalyst surface and their catalytic activity. It is shown that the right doping of Sn can increase Cu^＋ content on the catalyst surface, as a result the quantity of adsorption oxygen is also increased. It is found that Cu^＋ content on the catalyst surface is one of the primary factors that determin catalytic activity of catalyst through analyzing the catalytic wet air oxidation process of phenol.
文摘Method for decolrizing dyed wastewater was researched and the affecting factors dicussed. The result shows that the conditions for getting an optimum decolorization effect are: a reaction time of 60 min, a coke size of 5～10 mm, a solid/liquid ratio of 1∶10, an air blast volume of 4 m3/h, and proper Fe/coke ratio determined by the type of dye material. The system acidity influences dyed wastewater in different ways, i.e., acid condition is good for the decolorization of scarlet 3R and methyl orange simulated wastewater but bad for that of alkali violet 5BN simulated wastewater, while the decolorization of dispersed yellow E-RGFL simulated wastewater has nothing to do with pH.
文摘A semiautomatic segmentation method based on active contour is proposed for computed tomography (CT) image series. First, to get initial contour, one image slice was segmented exactly by C-V method based on Mumford-Shah model. Next, the computer will segment the nearby slice automatically using the snake model one by one. During segmenting of image slices, former slice boundary, as next slice initial contour, may cross over next slice real boundary and never return to right position. To avoid contour skipping over, the distance variance between two slices is evaluated by an threshold, which decides whether to initiate again. Moreover, a new improved marching cubes (MC) algorithm based on 2D images series segmentation boundary is given for 3D image reconstruction. Compared with the standard method, the proposed algorithm reduces detecting time and needs less storing memory. The effectiveness and capabilities of the algorithm were illustrated by experimental results.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60675017) The National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2006CB303103)
文摘A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed from straight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint (MLOFC), a polynomial equation relating motion models and line parameters. The motion models can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MLOFC at the corresponding line measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that line. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences were also presented.
基金Key Scientific and Technological Project Fund of Shanghai Science Committee,China(No.11302115)
文摘The research employed the adsorption isotherm measurement, the batch kinetic adsorption and the rapid small-scalecarbon column test （RSSCT） to find out the characteristics and main impacting factors of＇granular activated carbon （GAC） adsorption, in treating the textile dyeing-printing/polyester alkali de-weighting secondary effluent （TSE）. The adsorption affinities and capacities for the organics surrogated by CODCr, color and UV254 （UV absorbency-at λ= 254 nm） predicted by isotherm, small- seale-fixed bed were discussed. ＇Adsorption rates for CODCr, color and UV254 are much different and carbon particle size dependent. The color adsorption rate and capacity should be taken as the main consideration factors in designing bioactivated carbon filter（BACF）. The breakthrough of GAC adsorption column is mainly influenced by the low MW readily adsorbable organics in TSE. UV254, is a good adsorption breakthrough indicator. The study provides references for BACFs＇ design and operation control in textile secondary effluent （TSE） tertiary treatment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.69905003)
文摘Intensity flicker is a common form of degradation in archived film. Most algorithms on this distortion are complicated and uncontrolled. This paper presented a discrete mathematical model of flicker, designed a block-based estimation method of the model＇s parameters according to their features of intensity variation in large area. With this estimation result it constructed a compensation model to repair the current frame. This restoration approach is full automatic and the repair process of current frame does not need the information of frames behind it. The algorithm was realized to establish a simple and adjustable repair system. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can remove most intensity flicker and preserve tho wanted effects.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No.2007CB311104)
文摘The performance of the traditional Voice Activity Detection （VAD） algorithms declines sharply in lower Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR） environments. In this paper, a feature weighting likelihood method is proposed for noise-robust VAD. The contribution of dynamic features to likelihood score can be increased via the method, which improves consequently the noise robustness of VAD. Divergence based dimension reduction method is proposed for saving computation, which reduces these feature dimensions with smaller divergence value at the cost of degrading the performance a little. Experimental results on Aurora Ⅱ database show that the detection performance in noise environments can remarkably be improved by the proposed method when the model trained in clean data is used to detect speech endpoints. Using weighting likelihood on the dimension-reduced features obtains comparable, even better, performance compared to original full-dimensional feature.
基金Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of China(No.SEM-11W11329)National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China(No.20906011)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.102R1401200)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Donghua University)of China(No.11D11308)
文摘Developing new techniques to remove and recover phosphorous simultaneously from wastewaters is very important for sustainable utilization of phosphorous resource and prevention of eutrophication. The feasibility of phosphorus bioaccumulation in a novel continuous alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter and benefits of such accumulation for its further recovery as magnesium ammonia phosphate (MAP) were studied. The system was operated for seven months and employed the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) method to analyze the distribution change of magnesium and calcium with phosphate in the biofilter during that period. The benefits of utilizing the biofilter system to accumulate phosphorous & magnesium and suppress calcium simultaneously to phosphorous recovery as MAP were explained with the aid of chemical equilibrium models. The improved phosphorus recovery from 42% to 82% was approved in the recovery experiments and the recovery products mainly as MAP were evidenced and characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) . The study provides references for designing and operating the novel alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter for phosphorus bioaccumulation and recovery.
基金Supported by the program "Teach the teachers" from RTOG.
文摘Objective： To compare the survival fractions and radiation-induced complications of conventional radiotherapy （CV） vs. conformal radiotherapy （CF） for non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC） after surgical resection. Methods： Between 1990 and 2002, 167 patients underwent post-radiotherapy either CV （n = 90） or CF （n = 77） for pathological IliA NSCLC at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Patients and tumor charactedstics were balanced in the two treatment groups. Surgical resection mainly consisted of Iobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection. In the CV group, postoperative radiotherapy was delivered to 54.3 Gy （range 22-69.6 Gy） in 27 fractions （range 11-58 f） for 5-6 weeks, while the CF group with RT to 53.9 Gy （range 50-63 Gy） in 26 fractions （range 25-33 f） for 5-6 weeks. Overall survival, disease-free survival, local control and distant metastasis-free survival were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The complications of radiotherapy were also compared between the two groups. The median follow-up duration was 36 months in the CV group while 24 months in the CF group. Results： No statistically significant differences were found in terms of disease-free survival, local-regional control and distant metastasis-free survival in the two treatment groups. However, the overall survival was found statistically significant different in the two groups （P = 0.014）. Postoperative radiotherapy complications such as weight loss, skin reaction, dysphagia, and cardiac related complication were similar in the two groups although the lung fibrosis, cardiac complications and hematologic complications were significantly different, and 8 cases of death in the CV group associated with cardiac complications while none was observed in the CF group. Conclusion： The treatment of stage IliA NSCLC using either CV or CF postoperative radiotherapy resulted in similar outcomes in terms of local control, disease-free survival and most of complications. However, CF could achieve better overall survival and less complications such as lung fibrosis, cardiac complications and hematologic complications. The advantage is worth further observation.
文摘A chromochemical reactive mass transfer technique has been employed to study local mass transfer characteristics of structured packing. This technology adopted by experiment is an Ammonia Adsorption Method （AAM） that yields the surface distribution of transferred mass by analyzing the color distribution on a filter paper with the results of the color chemical reaction. A digital image processing technology is applied for data visualiza-tion. The three-dimensional plot of the local mass transfer coefficients shows that there exist three peak values on different positions of a unit cell of structured packing. In order to improve mass transfer efficiency of the structured packing, one piece of baffle is added between packing sheets. As a result, the average mass transfer coefficient increases by （10 20）% and the pressure drop decreases by （15-55）%.
文摘A satellite navigation receiver that can suppress jamming interference and spoofing interference simuhaneously is designed in this paper. An anti-jamming improved constrained spacial adaptive processing algorithm in signal processing and an anti-spoofing M-estimator based extended Kalman filter algorithm in information processing are proposed respectively. Simulations of the integral designed anti-interferences satellite navigation receiver demonstrate that the designed anti-interferences receiver can suppress jamming signals efficiently （ above 40 dB） and ensure the normal reception of satellite signals while satellite signals and jamming signals have the similar direction of arrival （ almost 10° ）. The designed anti-interference receiver can effectively eliminate the influence of spoofing signals on the navigation solution accuracy and maintain high accuracy of position and velocity estimation, which improves the anti-jamming and anti-spoofing capability of the satellite navigation receiver.
