Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest intestinal nematode parasite of man,which can lead to various complications because of its mobility.As the esophagus is not normal habitat of Ascaris,the report of esophageal ascari...Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest intestinal nematode parasite of man,which can lead to various complications because of its mobility.As the esophagus is not normal habitat of Ascaris,the report of esophageal ascariasis is rare.An old female presented with dysphagia after an intake of several red bean buns and haw jellies.The barium meal examination revealed a spherical defect in the lower esophagus.Esophageal bezoar or esophageal carcinoma was considered at the beginning.The patient fasted,and received fluid replacement treatment as well as some oral drugs such as proton pump inhibitor and sodium bicarbonate.Then upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done to further confirm the diagnosis and found a live Ascaris lumbricoides in the gastric antrum and two in the duodenal bulb.The conclusive diagnosis was ascariasis.The esophageal space-occupying lesion might be the entangled worm bolus.Anthelmitnic treatment with mebendazole improved patient's clinical manifestations along with normalization of the radiological findings during a 2-wk follow-up.Authors report herein this rare case of Ascaris lumbricoides in the esophagus,emphasizing the importance of awareness of this parasitic infection as it often presents with different and unspecific symptoms.展开更多
AIM:To analyze sex differences in adverse drug reactions(ADR) to the immune suppressive medication in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) patients.METHODS:All IBD patients attending the IBD outpatient clinic of a referral...AIM:To analyze sex differences in adverse drug reactions(ADR) to the immune suppressive medication in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) patients.METHODS:All IBD patients attending the IBD outpatient clinic of a referral hospital were identified through the electronic diagnosis registration system.The electronic medical records of IBD patients were reviewed and the files of those patients who have used immune suppressive therapy for IBD,i.e.,thiopurines,methotrexate,cyclosporine,tacrolimus and anti-tumor necrosis factor agents(anti-TNF);infliximab(IFX),adalimumab(ADA) and/or certolizumab,were further analyzed.The reported ADR to immune suppressive drugs were noted.The general definition of ADR used in clinical practice comprised the occurrence of the ADR in the temporal relationship with its disappearance upon discontinuation of the medication.Patients for whom the required information on drug use and ADR was not available in the electronic medical record and patients with only one registered contact and no further followup at the outpatient clinic were excluded.The difference in the incidence and type of ADR between male and female IBD patients were analyzed statistically by χ 2 test.RESULTS:In total,1009 IBD patients were identified in the electronic diagnosis registration system.Out of these 1009 patients,843 patients were eligible for further analysis.There were 386 males(46%),mean age 42 years(range:16-87 years) with a mean duration of the disease of 14 years(range:0-54 years);578 patients with Crohn's disease,244 with ulcerative colitis and 21 with unclassified colitis.Seventy percent(586 pts) of patients used any kind of immune suppressive agents at a certain point of the disease course,the majority of the patients(546 pts,65%) used thiopurines,176 pts(21%) methotrexate,46 pts(5%) cyclosporine and one patient tacrolimus.One third(240 pts,28%) of patients were treated with anti-TNF,the majority of patients(227 pts,27%) used IFX,99(12%) used ADA and five patients certolizumab.There were no differences between male and female patients in the use of immune suppressive agents.With regards to ADR,no differences between males and females were observed in the incidence of ADR to thiopurines,methotrexate and cyclosporine.Among 77 pts who developed ADR to one or more anti-TNF agents,significantly more females(54 pts,39% of all anti-TNF treated women) than males(23 pts,23% of all antiTNF treated men) experienced ADR to an anti-TNF agent [P = 0.011;odds ratio(OR) 2.2,95%CI 1.2-3.8].The most frequent ADR to both anti-TNF agents,IFX and ADA,were allergic reactions(15% of all IFX users and 7% of all patients treated with ADA) and for both agents a significantly higher rate of allergic reactions in females compared with males was observed.As a result of ADR,36 patients(15% of all patients using anti-TNF) stopped the treatment,with significantly higher stopping rate among females(27 females,19% vs 9 males,9%,P = 0.024).CONCLUSION:Treatment with anti-TNF antibodies is accompanied by sexual dimorphic profile of ADR with female patients being more at risk for allergic reactions and subsequent discontinuation of the treatment.展开更多
AIM： To study the secretory inhibitor of platelet microbicidal protein （SIPMP） phenotypes of faecal anaerobic isolates from patients with diarrhea.METHODS： Faecal isolates of anaerobic bacteria （B. fragilis, n = ...AIM： To study the secretory inhibitor of platelet microbicidal protein （SIPMP） phenotypes of faecal anaerobic isolates from patients with diarrhea.METHODS： Faecal isolates of anaerobic bacteria （B. fragilis, n = 42; B. longum, n = 70; A. israelii, n = 21; E. lentum, n = 12） from children with diarrhea were tested. SIPMP production was tested by inhibition of platelet microbicidal protein （PMP） bioactivity against B. subtilis and was expressed as percentage of inhibition of PMP bactericidal activity.RESULTS： Among anaerobic isolates 80% of B. longum strains, 85.7% of A. israeli/strains, 50% of E. lentum strains and 92.86% of B. fragilis strains were SIPMP-positive. The isolated anaerobic organisms demonstrated SIPMP production at a mean level of 13.8% ± 0.7%, 14.7% ± 1.8%, 3.9% ± 0.9% （P 〈 0.05） and 26.8% ± 7.5% （P 〈 0.05） for bifidobacteria, A. israelii, E. lentum and B. fragilis, respectively.CONCLUSION： Data from the present study may have significant implications in understanding the pathogenesis of microecological disorders in the intestine, as well as for future improvement in the prevention and therapy of anaerobe-associated infections.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether human acyl-CoA synthetase 5(ACSL5) is sensitive to the ACSL inhibitor triacsin C.METHODS:The ACSL isoforms ACSL1 and ACSL5 from rat as well as human ACSL5 were cloned and recombinantly expre...AIM:To investigate whether human acyl-CoA synthetase 5(ACSL5) is sensitive to the ACSL inhibitor triacsin C.METHODS:The ACSL isoforms ACSL1 and ACSL5 from rat as well as human ACSL5 were cloned and recombinantly expressed as 6xHis-tagged enzymes.Ni 2+-affinity purified recombinant enzymes were assayed at pH 7.5 or pH 9.5 in the presence or absence of triacsin C.In addition,ACSL5 transfected CaCo2 cells and intestinal human mucosa were monitored.ACSL5 expression in cellular systems was verified using Western blot and immunofluorescence.The ACSL assay mix included TrisHCl(pH 7.4),ATP,CoA,EDTA,DTT,MgCl 2,[9,103 H] palmitic acid,and triton X-100.The 200 μL reaction was initiated with the addition of solubilized,purified recombinant proteins or cellular lysates.Reactions were terminated after 10,30 or 60 min of incubation with Doles medium.RESULTS:Expression of soluble recombinant ACSL proteins was found after incubation with isopropyl betaD-1-thiogalactopyranoside and after ultracentrifugation these were further purified to near homogeneity with Ni 2+-affinity chromatography.Triacsin C selectively and strongly inhibited recombinant human ACSL5 protein at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5,as well as recombinant rat ACSL1(sensitive control),but not recombinant rat ACSL5(insensitive control).The IC50 for human ACSL5 was about 10 μmol/L.The inhibitory triacsin C effect was similar for different incubation times(10,30 and 60 min) and was not modified by the N-or C-terminal location of the 6xHis-tag.In order to evaluate ACSL5 sensitivity to triacsin C in a cellular environment,stable human ACSL5 CaCo2 transfectants and mechanically dissected normal human intestinal mucosa with high physiological expression of ACSL5 were analyzed.In both models,ACSL5 peak activity was found at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5,corresponding to the properties of recombinant human ACSL5 protein.In the presence of triacsin C(25 μmol/L),total ACSL activity was dramatically diminished in human ACSL5 transfectants as well as in ACSL5-rich human intestinal mucosa.CONCLUSION:The data strongly indicate that human ACSL5 is sensitive to triacsin C and does not compensate for other triacsin C-sensitive ACSL isoforms.展开更多
文摘Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest intestinal nematode parasite of man,which can lead to various complications because of its mobility.As the esophagus is not normal habitat of Ascaris,the report of esophageal ascariasis is rare.An old female presented with dysphagia after an intake of several red bean buns and haw jellies.The barium meal examination revealed a spherical defect in the lower esophagus.Esophageal bezoar or esophageal carcinoma was considered at the beginning.The patient fasted,and received fluid replacement treatment as well as some oral drugs such as proton pump inhibitor and sodium bicarbonate.Then upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done to further confirm the diagnosis and found a live Ascaris lumbricoides in the gastric antrum and two in the duodenal bulb.The conclusive diagnosis was ascariasis.The esophageal space-occupying lesion might be the entangled worm bolus.Anthelmitnic treatment with mebendazole improved patient's clinical manifestations along with normalization of the radiological findings during a 2-wk follow-up.Authors report herein this rare case of Ascaris lumbricoides in the esophagus,emphasizing the importance of awareness of this parasitic infection as it often presents with different and unspecific symptoms.
文摘AIM:To analyze sex differences in adverse drug reactions(ADR) to the immune suppressive medication in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) patients.METHODS:All IBD patients attending the IBD outpatient clinic of a referral hospital were identified through the electronic diagnosis registration system.The electronic medical records of IBD patients were reviewed and the files of those patients who have used immune suppressive therapy for IBD,i.e.,thiopurines,methotrexate,cyclosporine,tacrolimus and anti-tumor necrosis factor agents(anti-TNF);infliximab(IFX),adalimumab(ADA) and/or certolizumab,were further analyzed.The reported ADR to immune suppressive drugs were noted.The general definition of ADR used in clinical practice comprised the occurrence of the ADR in the temporal relationship with its disappearance upon discontinuation of the medication.Patients for whom the required information on drug use and ADR was not available in the electronic medical record and patients with only one registered contact and no further followup at the outpatient clinic were excluded.The difference in the incidence and type of ADR between male and female IBD patients were analyzed statistically by χ 2 test.RESULTS:In total,1009 IBD patients were identified in the electronic diagnosis registration system.Out of these 1009 patients,843 patients were eligible for further analysis.There were 386 males(46%),mean age 42 years(range:16-87 years) with a mean duration of the disease of 14 years(range:0-54 years);578 patients with Crohn's disease,244 with ulcerative colitis and 21 with unclassified colitis.Seventy percent(586 pts) of patients used any kind of immune suppressive agents at a certain point of the disease course,the majority of the patients(546 pts,65%) used thiopurines,176 pts(21%) methotrexate,46 pts(5%) cyclosporine and one patient tacrolimus.One third(240 pts,28%) of patients were treated with anti-TNF,the majority of patients(227 pts,27%) used IFX,99(12%) used ADA and five patients certolizumab.There were no differences between male and female patients in the use of immune suppressive agents.With regards to ADR,no differences between males and females were observed in the incidence of ADR to thiopurines,methotrexate and cyclosporine.Among 77 pts who developed ADR to one or more anti-TNF agents,significantly more females(54 pts,39% of all anti-TNF treated women) than males(23 pts,23% of all antiTNF treated men) experienced ADR to an anti-TNF agent [P = 0.011;odds ratio(OR) 2.2,95%CI 1.2-3.8].The most frequent ADR to both anti-TNF agents,IFX and ADA,were allergic reactions(15% of all IFX users and 7% of all patients treated with ADA) and for both agents a significantly higher rate of allergic reactions in females compared with males was observed.As a result of ADR,36 patients(15% of all patients using anti-TNF) stopped the treatment,with significantly higher stopping rate among females(27 females,19% vs 9 males,9%,P = 0.024).CONCLUSION:Treatment with anti-TNF antibodies is accompanied by sexual dimorphic profile of ADR with female patients being more at risk for allergic reactions and subsequent discontinuation of the treatment.
基金The Russian Foundation of Basic Research and Government of Orenburg region, No. 07-04-97624 and No. 08-04-99105
文摘AIM： To study the secretory inhibitor of platelet microbicidal protein （SIPMP） phenotypes of faecal anaerobic isolates from patients with diarrhea.METHODS： Faecal isolates of anaerobic bacteria （B. fragilis, n = 42; B. longum, n = 70; A. israelii, n = 21; E. lentum, n = 12） from children with diarrhea were tested. SIPMP production was tested by inhibition of platelet microbicidal protein （PMP） bioactivity against B. subtilis and was expressed as percentage of inhibition of PMP bactericidal activity.RESULTS： Among anaerobic isolates 80% of B. longum strains, 85.7% of A. israeli/strains, 50% of E. lentum strains and 92.86% of B. fragilis strains were SIPMP-positive. The isolated anaerobic organisms demonstrated SIPMP production at a mean level of 13.8% ± 0.7%, 14.7% ± 1.8%, 3.9% ± 0.9% （P 〈 0.05） and 26.8% ± 7.5% （P 〈 0.05） for bifidobacteria, A. israelii, E. lentum and B. fragilis, respectively.CONCLUSION： Data from the present study may have significant implications in understanding the pathogenesis of microecological disorders in the intestine, as well as for future improvement in the prevention and therapy of anaerobe-associated infections.
基金Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, No. GA785/6-1Deutsche Krebshilfe, No. 109313the Rotationsprogramm of the Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University (to Kaemmerer E)
文摘AIM:To investigate whether human acyl-CoA synthetase 5(ACSL5) is sensitive to the ACSL inhibitor triacsin C.METHODS:The ACSL isoforms ACSL1 and ACSL5 from rat as well as human ACSL5 were cloned and recombinantly expressed as 6xHis-tagged enzymes.Ni 2+-affinity purified recombinant enzymes were assayed at pH 7.5 or pH 9.5 in the presence or absence of triacsin C.In addition,ACSL5 transfected CaCo2 cells and intestinal human mucosa were monitored.ACSL5 expression in cellular systems was verified using Western blot and immunofluorescence.The ACSL assay mix included TrisHCl(pH 7.4),ATP,CoA,EDTA,DTT,MgCl 2,[9,103 H] palmitic acid,and triton X-100.The 200 μL reaction was initiated with the addition of solubilized,purified recombinant proteins or cellular lysates.Reactions were terminated after 10,30 or 60 min of incubation with Doles medium.RESULTS:Expression of soluble recombinant ACSL proteins was found after incubation with isopropyl betaD-1-thiogalactopyranoside and after ultracentrifugation these were further purified to near homogeneity with Ni 2+-affinity chromatography.Triacsin C selectively and strongly inhibited recombinant human ACSL5 protein at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5,as well as recombinant rat ACSL1(sensitive control),but not recombinant rat ACSL5(insensitive control).The IC50 for human ACSL5 was about 10 μmol/L.The inhibitory triacsin C effect was similar for different incubation times(10,30 and 60 min) and was not modified by the N-or C-terminal location of the 6xHis-tag.In order to evaluate ACSL5 sensitivity to triacsin C in a cellular environment,stable human ACSL5 CaCo2 transfectants and mechanically dissected normal human intestinal mucosa with high physiological expression of ACSL5 were analyzed.In both models,ACSL5 peak activity was found at pH 7.5 and pH 9.5,corresponding to the properties of recombinant human ACSL5 protein.In the presence of triacsin C(25 μmol/L),total ACSL activity was dramatically diminished in human ACSL5 transfectants as well as in ACSL5-rich human intestinal mucosa.CONCLUSION:The data strongly indicate that human ACSL5 is sensitive to triacsin C and does not compensate for other triacsin C-sensitive ACSL isoforms.
