理文纸业华中生产基地落户唐河竹浆纸巾生产线投产

9月9日,理文造纸集团康倍宝华中生产基地落户唐河,康倍宝竹浆纸巾生产线投产.康倍宝华中生产基地项目总投资10亿元,生产线50条,年产量20万t,年产值20亿元.

浅谈天然气管道投产中气推气置换法

随着石油、天然气生产和消费速度的增长,管道运输在油气储运中有着不可替换的地位。油气管道建设发展迅速,能源网遍布全国各地,尤其是天然气管道管网的埋设,对天然气输送过程的安全性和高效性提供了基础。文章将通过隔离球置换法和气推气置换法进行对比分析,同时对气推气置换法的具体操作进行深入的剖析,并对该置换法在实践应用过程中应当注意的问题进行说明,已为今后天然气管道投产方案制定参考使用。

Sources and Flows of Embodied CO_2 Emissions in Import and Export Trade of China

This paper uses the Global Trade Analysis Project(version 7)database to calculate embodied CO2emissions in bilateral trade between China and other countries(regions)based on input-output methods.The sources and flows of embodied CO2emissions in import and export trade of China are analyzed.Results show that the flows of embodied CO2emissions in export trade are highly concentrated.The main flows to the United States(US)and Japan account for 1/4 and 1/7 of the total CO2emissions in export trade,respectively.Concentrated flows of total exports and small differences in export structure are the main reasons for the highly concentrated export trade.The sources of embodied CO2emissions in import trade have relatively low concentration.Taiwan Province of China,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,US,Russia,Republic of Korea,and Japan account for around 7.72%–12.67%of the total embodied CO2emissions in import trade.The relative dispersion of import sources,the impact of the import structure,and the level of production technology in importing countries caused low concentration of CO2emissions in import trade.Overall,the embodied CO2emissions in the export trade of China are higher than those in import trade.As a result,production-based CO2emissions are higher than consumption-based CO2emissions.The difference of 8.96×108t of CO2,which comes mainly from the US,Japan,Germany,and the United Kingdom,accounts for 58.70%of the total difference.Some suggestions,such as improving energy efficiency,alerting high carbon-intensive industries transfer,expanding the market for sharing risks,and prompting the accounting system of consumption-based CO2emissions,are proposed based on the results.

Principal Features of Building Social Accounts Matrix and Improving Statistical Database for Eco-countries

With common borders of the population, total area, and GDP （PPP-based） of Economic Cooperation Organization （ECO） member states are estimated as 416 million persons, 7.9 million m2, and US$2.7 trillion respectively （2010 data）. Although heterogeneous in the extent, there is economic development, overall, with serious energy and transport-transit relations among countries that is reflected in growing trade turnover year-by-year. However, there are still rather unused resources and capacity in such areas of cooperation among countries as exchange of energy, transport services, agricultural and industrial goods, use of opportunities for tourism, promoting investment and innovation processes and other areas. Certainly, maximum and optimal use of these resources calls for availability of analytical means capable of accounting for relations both within member states and among them. The implementation of computable general equilibrium （CGE） modeling in each member state would thus be of great significance in resolution of these problems both in terms of accounting for input-output linkages within the countries as well as enabling impact of main trading partners and goods and services among countries. The analysis carried out indicates that there are a number of problems in application of CGE model in most of the member states. As such, input-output tables are not compiled in some countries, while in others despite the fact that these tables are compiled, there are no attempts to build the model, yet in other countries, even if the CGE model is implemented, there are difficulties in taking into account the real results in the face of serious problems related to improving national accounts system database. Summarizing these problems, it is possible to conclude that to ensure the application of a CGE model,there is a great need to work out procedures of compilation of a social accounts matrix （SAM） that lies on the basis of this model, for which the relevant statistics of a member state must be improved. Considering the above-mentioned, the presented research, makes procedures and proposals on compilation of SAM, improves statistical data for researching the extent of application of CGE Model in ECO member states, and identifies the degree of availability and organization of relevant data to develop input-output tables and respective SAM.

Effects of Trade Liberalization and Outsourcing on Employment in China during 1995-2009

With the deepening of economic globalization, trade liberalization and outsourcing exert increasingly important effects on China＇s employment. Based on China＇s （imporO non-competitive input-output table and employment data provided by the World Input-Output Database （WIOD）, this paper has estimated China ＂s total employment and skill-specific employment between 1995 and 2009 and utilized structural decomposition method to investigate the effects of trade liberalization and outsourcing as two internationalization factors on China＇s job growth. Results indicate that between 1995 and 2009, China＇s total employment and skill-specific employment increased significantly, and the expansion of final output and particularly export expansion is a major driver of job growth, that the reduction in labor input coefficient is a major restraint of job growth, and that outsourcing is generally unfavorable to China＇s job growth. By specific product categories, their production internationalization effect of the production sectors of different types of products （aggregate effect of trade liberalization and variation in the level of outsourcing on employment variation） derives from different sources. For sectors of low technology products, their production internationalization effect mainly derives from the expansion of the share of export. For the production sectors of medium technology products, their production internationalization effect mainly derives from outsourcing expansion. By specific groups of workforce, low-skilled workforce is the most vulnerable to the impact of production internationalization, medium-skilled workforce is subject to relatively small effect, while the effect on highly-skilled workforce is negligible.

The Driving Forces of CO2 Emission in China： 2002-2007

This paper provides a computation on both the China＇s aggregate CO2 emission volume and the emission of each sector over the period of 2002-2007, based on the input-output analysis. Further analysis is also given on the various determinants of the change in the emission volume, with the aid of structural decomposition analysis （SDA） based on a residual-free method. Based on the input-output table of China in 2002 and 2007, the merge of sectors and the adjustment of price change have been made during the study. The emissions of carbon dioxide in China increased from 2,887.3 million ton to 5,664.6 million ton during 2002-2007. The average rate of increase is 13.3%, faster than the average rate of gross domestic product （GDP） growth 11.6% slightly. According to the process of SDA, the changes in emission are analyzed in terms of four different factors. Among the four factors studied in the paper, it is found that the change of emission intensity and structure of demand are the main reason of the decrease of emission, while production technology and scale effect increase the emission volume. The paper also finds that although the direct emission intensity decreased during the study period, the total emission intensity increased with the annual rate of 3.8%, which reflects the result of energy policy is not equal in different sectors.

City-level emission peak and drivers in China

China is playing an increasing role in global climate change mitigation,and local authorities need more city-specifc information on the emissions trends and patterns when designing low-carbon policies.This study provides the most comprehensive COemission inventories of 287 Chinese cities from 2001 to2019.The emission inventories are compiled for 47 economic sectors and include energy-related emissions for 17 types of fossil fuels and process-related emissions from cement production.We further investigate the state of the emission peak in each city and reveal hidden driving forces.The results show that38 cities have proactively peaked their emissions for at least fve years and another 21 cities also have emission decline,but passively.The 38 proactively peaked cities achieved emission decline mainly by effciency improvements and structural changes in energy use,while the 21 passively emission declined cities reduced emissions at the cost of economic recession or population loss.We propose that those passively emission declined cities need to face up to the reasons that caused the emission to decline,and fully exploit the opportunities provided by industrial innovation and green investment brought by low-carbon targets to achieve economic recovery and carbon mitigation goals.Proactively peaked cities need to seek strategies to maintain the downward trend in emissions and avoid an emission rebound and thus provide successful models for cities with still growing emissions to achieve an emission peak.