Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of th...Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.展开更多
Here, we estimate the rationality of specific agricultural inputs and discuss the sensitivity of integrated agricultural output to various resources input for Chaohu City, China. We used two parameters, marginal outpu...Here, we estimate the rationality of specific agricultural inputs and discuss the sensitivity of integrated agricultural output to various resources input for Chaohu City, China. We used two parameters, marginal output and elastic coefficient, and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution （TOPSIS） method, which has an unambiguous geometric meaning and is simple and convenient, to integrate various output and input. The results indicate that for most of 2001-2009, agricultural inputs rose except that the number of people engaged in agricultural production fell. Although integrated agriculture output increased, the proportion of resources with a negative utilization efficiency was 23.82% from 2001 to 2009. Integrated output was more sensitive to agricultural pesticide, the irrigation ratio and the use of plastic film. Integrated outputs may be increased by moderate decreases in input. This type of agricultural production meets the requirements of resource saving and is a sustainable mode of resource utilization.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZZD-EW-06-02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41201129)Humanities and Social Science Research Planning Fund,Ministry of Education of China(No.13YJAZH042)
文摘Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41271467 and No. 40930103)
文摘Here, we estimate the rationality of specific agricultural inputs and discuss the sensitivity of integrated agricultural output to various resources input for Chaohu City, China. We used two parameters, marginal output and elastic coefficient, and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution （TOPSIS） method, which has an unambiguous geometric meaning and is simple and convenient, to integrate various output and input. The results indicate that for most of 2001-2009, agricultural inputs rose except that the number of people engaged in agricultural production fell. Although integrated agriculture output increased, the proportion of resources with a negative utilization efficiency was 23.82% from 2001 to 2009. Integrated output was more sensitive to agricultural pesticide, the irrigation ratio and the use of plastic film. Integrated outputs may be increased by moderate decreases in input. This type of agricultural production meets the requirements of resource saving and is a sustainable mode of resource utilization.
