OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Wuziyanzong pill on the levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(T) and the expressions of nuclear-associated antigen Ki67(Ki67), a...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Wuziyanzong pill on the levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(T) and the expressions of nuclear-associated antigen Ki67(Ki67), androgen receptor(AR) in testes of young rats.METHODS: Sixteen 20-day-old Wistar male rats were randomly divided into control and treatment group(n = 8). Rats in treatment group were administered Wuziyanzong pill by gavage; rats in control group administered the same volume of saline. After 10 days of treatment, the rats were killed, and then serum and testes were taken. The levels of FSH, LH and T were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The histology of seminiferous tubule was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. The expression of Ki67 was detected by immunohistochemical assay(IHC). The m RNA level of Ki67, ARand CK-18 was detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(Q-RT-PCR), the protein level of AR and CK-18 were tested by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with control group, T level in treatment group increased significantly(P < 0.05).HE staining showed that both leydig cells and germ cells increased in treatment group. Expressions of Ki67 and AR became higher after treatment. There were no changes in CK-18 expression.CONCLUSION: Wuziyanzong pill can up-regulate AR level to promote germ cell proliferation and differentiation in young male rats.展开更多
Natural killer(NK) cells, which recognize and kill target cells independent of antigen specificity and major histocompatibility complex(MHC) matching, play pivotal roles in immune defence against tumors. However, tumo...Natural killer(NK) cells, which recognize and kill target cells independent of antigen specificity and major histocompatibility complex(MHC) matching, play pivotal roles in immune defence against tumors. However, tumor cells often acquire the ability to escape NK cell-mediated immune surveillance. Thus, understanding mechanisms underlying regulation of NK cell phenotype and function within the tumor environment is instrumental for designing new approaches to improve the current cell-based immunotherapy. In this review, we elaborate the main biological features and molecular mechanisms of NK cells that pertain to regulation of NK cell-mediated anti-tumor activity. We further overview current clinical approaches regarding NK cell-based cancer therapy, including cytokine infusion, adoptive transfer of autologous or allogeneic NK cells, applications of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-expressing NK cells and adoptive transfer of memory-like NK cells. With these promising clinical outcomes and fuller understanding the basic questions raised in this review, we foresee that NK cell-based approaches may hold great potential for future cancer immunotherapy.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation-funded Project:the Mechanism and Function of Erythropoietin Regulating Blood-Testis Barrier of Rat in Essence of Kidney Dominating Reproduction(No.81273610)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Wuziyanzong pill on the levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(T) and the expressions of nuclear-associated antigen Ki67(Ki67), androgen receptor(AR) in testes of young rats.METHODS: Sixteen 20-day-old Wistar male rats were randomly divided into control and treatment group(n = 8). Rats in treatment group were administered Wuziyanzong pill by gavage; rats in control group administered the same volume of saline. After 10 days of treatment, the rats were killed, and then serum and testes were taken. The levels of FSH, LH and T were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The histology of seminiferous tubule was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. The expression of Ki67 was detected by immunohistochemical assay(IHC). The m RNA level of Ki67, ARand CK-18 was detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(Q-RT-PCR), the protein level of AR and CK-18 were tested by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with control group, T level in treatment group increased significantly(P < 0.05).HE staining showed that both leydig cells and germ cells increased in treatment group. Expressions of Ki67 and AR became higher after treatment. There were no changes in CK-18 expression.CONCLUSION: Wuziyanzong pill can up-regulate AR level to promote germ cell proliferation and differentiation in young male rats.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2014CB910104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81171899+1 种基金81372230)the Claudia Adams Barr Program for Innovative Cancer Research
文摘Natural killer(NK) cells, which recognize and kill target cells independent of antigen specificity and major histocompatibility complex(MHC) matching, play pivotal roles in immune defence against tumors. However, tumor cells often acquire the ability to escape NK cell-mediated immune surveillance. Thus, understanding mechanisms underlying regulation of NK cell phenotype and function within the tumor environment is instrumental for designing new approaches to improve the current cell-based immunotherapy. In this review, we elaborate the main biological features and molecular mechanisms of NK cells that pertain to regulation of NK cell-mediated anti-tumor activity. We further overview current clinical approaches regarding NK cell-based cancer therapy, including cytokine infusion, adoptive transfer of autologous or allogeneic NK cells, applications of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-expressing NK cells and adoptive transfer of memory-like NK cells. With these promising clinical outcomes and fuller understanding the basic questions raised in this review, we foresee that NK cell-based approaches may hold great potential for future cancer immunotherapy.
