稻瘟病是水稻生产中危害最为严重的病害之一,种植抗病品种是抵御稻瘟病危害的有效措施。本研究利用吉粳809的2个亲本材料吉粳88与93072配制的回交分离群体进行稻瘟病人工接种,采用抗、感极端分池法定位双亲的稻瘟病抗性基因,结合基因型...稻瘟病是水稻生产中危害最为严重的病害之一,种植抗病品种是抵御稻瘟病危害的有效措施。本研究利用吉粳809的2个亲本材料吉粳88与93072配制的回交分离群体进行稻瘟病人工接种,采用抗、感极端分池法定位双亲的稻瘟病抗性基因,结合基因型分析,推断吉粳809的抗性基因组成。结果表明,回交群体对强致病菌GD9-1表现为4个主效抗病基因Pi-2(t)、Pi-7-1(t)、Pi-7-2(t)和Pi-11(t)分离,对弱致病菌GD19-1表现单个主效抗病基因Pi-2(t)分离,其中Pi-2(t)基因同时抗2个菌株。除Pi-2(t)位点抗性等位基因来自吉粳88,其余3个位点的抗性等位基因均来自93072。比较基因组研究表明,Pi-2(t)可能与Pi-b等位,Pi-11(t)可能与Pi-47(t)或Pik等位,而Pi-7-1(t)和Pi-7-2(t)是2个新的抗性位点,分别与RM21260和RM8037连锁,遗传距离为0.11 c M和6.97 c M。利用与上述4个抗病位点紧密连锁的SSR标记和来自3000份水稻种质资源重测序开发的56K芯片鉴定抗性位点吉粳809与双亲基因型的异同,推断吉粳809抗性基因组成,发现吉粳809携带轮回亲本吉粳88的Pi-2(t)和来自供体亲本93072的Pi-11(t)2个基因,合理地解释了吉粳809抗性明显好于吉粳88的原因。对如何通过不同主效抗性基因聚合特别是充分利用原来抗病品种中"丧失"抗性残效基因来改良品种的稻瘟病抗性进行了讨论。展开更多
[ Objective] This study was to breed rice cultivars with multi-resistance to Orseolia oryzae （Wood-Mason）. [ Method] The Guangxi local cultivar GX-M001 （Jiangchao） with high resistance to Orseolia oryzae （Wood-Ma...[ Objective] This study was to breed rice cultivars with multi-resistance to Orseolia oryzae （Wood-Mason）. [ Method] The Guangxi local cultivar GX-M001 （Jiangchao） with high resistance to Orseolia oryzae （Wood-Mason） was used to hybrid with the known resistance cultivars ＂Kangwenqingzhan＂ （harboring GM5 gene）, OB677（ harboring GM3 gene） from Sri Lanka, HT1350 and high yield end quality cultivar ＂ Guiruanzhan＂. [ Result] Through pyramiding the multi-resistant genes via routine hybridization, the general resistances of the hybrids were remarkably enhanced. The grades of resistance were also improved, many of the combinations were endowed with a resistance at immune level （grade 0） ; and interestingly, the respective hybridization of GX-M001 （high resistance） with OB677（ medium resistance） and HT1350（suscepti- ble） also generate two lines at immune level, which is probably the effects of additive effects of genes.[ Conclusion] By routine hybridization, multiple genes were successfully pyramided, thus generating novel rice lines with multiple resistances. For the rice breeding scientists at the grass-roots level, the resistance-resistance pyramiding is an effective approach to breed high resistance cultivars.展开更多
Synechococcus sp.CC9311 is a marine cyanobacterium characterized by type IV chromatic acclimation(CA).A genetic transformation system was developed as a first step to elucidate the molecular mechanism of CA.The result...Synechococcus sp.CC9311 is a marine cyanobacterium characterized by type IV chromatic acclimation(CA).A genetic transformation system was developed as a first step to elucidate the molecular mechanism of CA.The results show that Synechococcus sp.CC9311 cells were sensitive to four commonly used antibiotics:ampicillin,kanamycin,spectinomycin,and chloramphenicol.An integrative plasmid to disrupt the putative phycoerythrin lyase gene mpeV,using a kanamycin resistance gene as selectable marker,was constructed by recombinant polymerase chain reaction.The plasmid was then transformed into Synechococcus sp.CC9311 via electroporation.High transformation efficiency was achieved at a field strength of 2 kV/cm.DNA analysis showed that mpeV was fully disrupted following challenge of the transformants with a high concentration of kanamycin.In addition,the transformants that displayed poor growth on agar SN medium could be successfully plated on agarose SN medium.展开更多
文摘稻瘟病是水稻生产中危害最为严重的病害之一,种植抗病品种是抵御稻瘟病危害的有效措施。本研究利用吉粳809的2个亲本材料吉粳88与93072配制的回交分离群体进行稻瘟病人工接种,采用抗、感极端分池法定位双亲的稻瘟病抗性基因,结合基因型分析,推断吉粳809的抗性基因组成。结果表明,回交群体对强致病菌GD9-1表现为4个主效抗病基因Pi-2(t)、Pi-7-1(t)、Pi-7-2(t)和Pi-11(t)分离,对弱致病菌GD19-1表现单个主效抗病基因Pi-2(t)分离,其中Pi-2(t)基因同时抗2个菌株。除Pi-2(t)位点抗性等位基因来自吉粳88,其余3个位点的抗性等位基因均来自93072。比较基因组研究表明,Pi-2(t)可能与Pi-b等位,Pi-11(t)可能与Pi-47(t)或Pik等位,而Pi-7-1(t)和Pi-7-2(t)是2个新的抗性位点,分别与RM21260和RM8037连锁,遗传距离为0.11 c M和6.97 c M。利用与上述4个抗病位点紧密连锁的SSR标记和来自3000份水稻种质资源重测序开发的56K芯片鉴定抗性位点吉粳809与双亲基因型的异同,推断吉粳809抗性基因组成,发现吉粳809携带轮回亲本吉粳88的Pi-2(t)和来自供体亲本93072的Pi-11(t)2个基因,合理地解释了吉粳809抗性明显好于吉粳88的原因。对如何通过不同主效抗性基因聚合特别是充分利用原来抗病品种中"丧失"抗性残效基因来改良品种的稻瘟病抗性进行了讨论。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30760117)National Key Technology R &D Program (2007BAD68B01)~~
文摘[ Objective] This study was to breed rice cultivars with multi-resistance to Orseolia oryzae （Wood-Mason）. [ Method] The Guangxi local cultivar GX-M001 （Jiangchao） with high resistance to Orseolia oryzae （Wood-Mason） was used to hybrid with the known resistance cultivars ＂Kangwenqingzhan＂ （harboring GM5 gene）, OB677（ harboring GM3 gene） from Sri Lanka, HT1350 and high yield end quality cultivar ＂ Guiruanzhan＂. [ Result] Through pyramiding the multi-resistant genes via routine hybridization, the general resistances of the hybrids were remarkably enhanced. The grades of resistance were also improved, many of the combinations were endowed with a resistance at immune level （grade 0） ; and interestingly, the respective hybridization of GX-M001 （high resistance） with OB677（ medium resistance） and HT1350（suscepti- ble） also generate two lines at immune level, which is probably the effects of additive effects of genes.[ Conclusion] By routine hybridization, multiple genes were successfully pyramided, thus generating novel rice lines with multiple resistances. For the rice breeding scientists at the grass-roots level, the resistance-resistance pyramiding is an effective approach to breed high resistance cultivars.
基金Supported by the Key Innovation Project of Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2009-2)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.2009ZRB02542)+2 种基金the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substance and Modern Analytical Techniques,SOA(No.MBSMAT-2010-03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41276164)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2012650)
文摘Synechococcus sp.CC9311 is a marine cyanobacterium characterized by type IV chromatic acclimation(CA).A genetic transformation system was developed as a first step to elucidate the molecular mechanism of CA.The results show that Synechococcus sp.CC9311 cells were sensitive to four commonly used antibiotics:ampicillin,kanamycin,spectinomycin,and chloramphenicol.An integrative plasmid to disrupt the putative phycoerythrin lyase gene mpeV,using a kanamycin resistance gene as selectable marker,was constructed by recombinant polymerase chain reaction.The plasmid was then transformed into Synechococcus sp.CC9311 via electroporation.High transformation efficiency was achieved at a field strength of 2 kV/cm.DNA analysis showed that mpeV was fully disrupted following challenge of the transformants with a high concentration of kanamycin.In addition,the transformants that displayed poor growth on agar SN medium could be successfully plated on agarose SN medium.
