[Objective] The aim was to explore the effect of tomato＇s resistance to Botrytis cinerea induced by exogenous Chitosan.[Method] The leaf spraying method was used to determine the induced resistance effect of Chitosan...[Objective] The aim was to explore the effect of tomato＇s resistance to Botrytis cinerea induced by exogenous Chitosan.[Method] The leaf spraying method was used to determine the induced resistance effect of Chitosan to tomato B.cinerea and the chlorophyll content,soluble protein,soluble sugar,proline influence,the activities of peroxidase（POD）,malondialdehyde（MDA）and the Proline content in leaves of tomato.[Result] The induced resistance of Chitosan reached 58.26% at 14th d after treatment;Compared with the B.cinerea stress group,the chlorophyll content in leaves of tomato seedlings of B.cinerea stress ＋ Chitosan group had increased by 34.63%,while that of soluble protein content,soluble sugar content,Pro content and POD activity was 5.30%,10.83%,16.21% and 16.88%,respectively（except for the MDA content,which was decreased by 16.54%）.[Conclusion] Exogenous Chitosan could improve photosynthetic efficiency and protect enzymes activity to improve the resistance of tomato seedlings to B.cinerea.展开更多
[Objective] The antifungal activity of the extracts from,Atractylodes macracephal Koidz and Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel,against Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani were studied under the condition of laborator...[Objective] The antifungal activity of the extracts from,Atractylodes macracephal Koidz and Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel,against Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani were studied under the condition of laboratory,in order to develop and utilize these two plants.[Method] The mycelium growth rate test was applied to measure the antifungal activities of extracts against fungi.[Result] the extracts of all the two plants showed strong antifungal activity against the target pathogenic fungi,especially the antifungal activity of the extract from Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel was stronger and more stable.The inhibition rate to the mycelium growth of Botrytis cinerea was 80.25%.At the same concentration,the extract from Atractylodes macracephal Koidz showed little inhibition to Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani.The petrolelum ether extract of Atractylodes macracephal Koidz showed stronger antifungal activities and the EC50 was 5.31 mg/ml,and the n-butanol extract of Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel showed stronger antifungal activities and the EC50 was 2.93 mg/ml.[Conclusion] The extracts from Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel showed the stronger antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani.展开更多
This study was conducted to isolate and identify antibiotic resistant bacteria in fresh tomato sold in three different local markets of Dhaka city. On an average 〉 5.0 log CFU/g of natural microbial populations and c...This study was conducted to isolate and identify antibiotic resistant bacteria in fresh tomato sold in three different local markets of Dhaka city. On an average 〉 5.0 log CFU/g of natural microbial populations and coliform bacteria was present in the samples. Prevalence of Salmonella spp., E. coli, Listeria spp., and Yersinia spp., were recorded through cultivation dependent assay of tomato samples of different markets. Almost all of the isolates were uniformly resistant to rifampicin, erythromycin, clindamycin and oxacillin （100%）, vancomycin （93%）, amoxicillin （87%）, whereas 60% of the isolates were found to be resistant to ampicillin and cephalexin. Antibiotic sensitivity test of the presumptive E. coli and Salmonella spp. and corresponding plasmid profiling indicated a correlation of plasmid mediated multidrug resistance （MDR） of these environmental bacteria. Washing with sanitizing agents such as acidified sodium chlorite （ASC） and 200 ppm chlorinated water was able to reduce _〈 2.0 log CFU/g of natural microflora and coliform bacteria. In contrast, ASC was able to reduce 〈 2.0 log CFU/g of other food borne pathogens and, chlorinated water was able to reduce up to undetectable level. Therefore, washing of tomato with 200 ppm chlorinated water could be useful in reducing the pathogen populations on tomatoes.展开更多
Plants are the ultimate source of nutrients in the human diet. To ensure adequate availability of high quality food for an increasing world population, traits including improved tolerance of stresses and nutrient leve...Plants are the ultimate source of nutrients in the human diet. To ensure adequate availability of high quality food for an increasing world population, traits including improved tolerance of stresses and nutrient levels need to be selected in crops, both individually and in combination. Here we report the identification of SIMX1 encoding a MIXTA-like MYB transcription factor in tomato that simultaneously modulates drought resistance and metabolic processes through regulating key structural and regulatory genes of the corre- sponding pathways. Over-expression of SIMX1 results in substantially increased drought tolerance and improved fruit quality, while knocking down SIMX1 resulted in the opposite phenotypes. Our study indicates an effective way with multiplebeneficial traits by genetic engineering of a single regulatory gene and can be a novel approach to breeding crops.展开更多
Four tomato accessions, namely Ac 238, Roma, Seijima Jeisei and Varushanadu Local selected from preliminary screening of 321 accessions and their hybrid derivatives, namely HYtF： （Varushanadu Local × Ac 238）, ...Four tomato accessions, namely Ac 238, Roma, Seijima Jeisei and Varushanadu Local selected from preliminary screening of 321 accessions and their hybrid derivatives, namely HYtF： （Varushanadu Local × Ac 238）, HY2F1（Varushanadu Local × Roma）, HY3F1 （Ac 238 × Roma） （first generation）, HY1F2, HY2F2 and HY3F2 （second generation） were evaluated for their resistance in comparison with a susceptible check, 1979 against the leaf caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fab. both under field and laboratory conditions at Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India. In the field evaluation, accession Seijima Jeisei and hybrid HY3F1 recorded the minimum larval population. In glasshouse and laboratory studies, Seijima Jeisei was the least preferred by S. litura for both feeding and oviposition. The hybrid HYsF： exerted pronounced antibiosis effect on S. litura. Among the various biophysical and biochemical bases of resistance, contents of reducing sugar and phenol were found negatively correlated with S. litura larval feeding. Among the hybrids, HY3F1 and HY3F2 and the parent Seijima Jeisei recorded higher fruit yield per plant in both seasons. Considerable variation in the resistance traits of the hybrids was observed when compared with the parents.展开更多
Controlled ecological life support systems provide food, air, water, and other basic living resources for crew members on long-duration spaceflight missions. Plants are an important basic requirement of these systems ...Controlled ecological life support systems provide food, air, water, and other basic living resources for crew members on long-duration spaceflight missions. Plants are an important basic requirement of these systems and their biological characteristics in space have very high research value. Based on experiments of spaceflight in Shenzhou 8 spacecraft and simulating microgravity effects on three-dimensional （3-D） clinostat, the biological characteristics of tomato＇s leaf cell sub-microstructure and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied and compared in this work. Results showed that leaf cell sub-microstructure of the tomato samples experiencing spaceflight had more changes than effects, and both peroxidase （POD） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） that of the samples processed by simulated microgravity activities increase obviously in both the environments.展开更多
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore the effect of tomato＇s resistance to Botrytis cinerea induced by exogenous Chitosan.[Method] The leaf spraying method was used to determine the induced resistance effect of Chitosan to tomato B.cinerea and the chlorophyll content,soluble protein,soluble sugar,proline influence,the activities of peroxidase（POD）,malondialdehyde（MDA）and the Proline content in leaves of tomato.[Result] The induced resistance of Chitosan reached 58.26% at 14th d after treatment;Compared with the B.cinerea stress group,the chlorophyll content in leaves of tomato seedlings of B.cinerea stress ＋ Chitosan group had increased by 34.63%,while that of soluble protein content,soluble sugar content,Pro content and POD activity was 5.30%,10.83%,16.21% and 16.88%,respectively（except for the MDA content,which was decreased by 16.54%）.[Conclusion] Exogenous Chitosan could improve photosynthetic efficiency and protect enzymes activity to improve the resistance of tomato seedlings to B.cinerea.
基金Supported by Talent Introduction Grantin Anhui Science and Technology University(ZRC2007102)Outstanding Young Talets Project of Anhui Provincal Universities(2009SQRZ11)~~
文摘[Objective] The antifungal activity of the extracts from,Atractylodes macracephal Koidz and Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel,against Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani were studied under the condition of laboratory,in order to develop and utilize these two plants.[Method] The mycelium growth rate test was applied to measure the antifungal activities of extracts against fungi.[Result] the extracts of all the two plants showed strong antifungal activity against the target pathogenic fungi,especially the antifungal activity of the extract from Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel was stronger and more stable.The inhibition rate to the mycelium growth of Botrytis cinerea was 80.25%.At the same concentration,the extract from Atractylodes macracephal Koidz showed little inhibition to Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani.The petrolelum ether extract of Atractylodes macracephal Koidz showed stronger antifungal activities and the EC50 was 5.31 mg/ml,and the n-butanol extract of Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel showed stronger antifungal activities and the EC50 was 2.93 mg/ml.[Conclusion] The extracts from Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel showed the stronger antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani.
文摘This study was conducted to isolate and identify antibiotic resistant bacteria in fresh tomato sold in three different local markets of Dhaka city. On an average 〉 5.0 log CFU/g of natural microbial populations and coliform bacteria was present in the samples. Prevalence of Salmonella spp., E. coli, Listeria spp., and Yersinia spp., were recorded through cultivation dependent assay of tomato samples of different markets. Almost all of the isolates were uniformly resistant to rifampicin, erythromycin, clindamycin and oxacillin （100%）, vancomycin （93%）, amoxicillin （87%）, whereas 60% of the isolates were found to be resistant to ampicillin and cephalexin. Antibiotic sensitivity test of the presumptive E. coli and Salmonella spp. and corresponding plasmid profiling indicated a correlation of plasmid mediated multidrug resistance （MDR） of these environmental bacteria. Washing with sanitizing agents such as acidified sodium chlorite （ASC） and 200 ppm chlorinated water was able to reduce _〈 2.0 log CFU/g of natural microflora and coliform bacteria. In contrast, ASC was able to reduce 〈 2.0 log CFU/g of other food borne pathogens and, chlorinated water was able to reduce up to undetectable level. Therefore, washing of tomato with 200 ppm chlorinated water could be useful in reducing the pathogen populations on tomatoes.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (2011CB100601)
文摘Plants are the ultimate source of nutrients in the human diet. To ensure adequate availability of high quality food for an increasing world population, traits including improved tolerance of stresses and nutrient levels need to be selected in crops, both individually and in combination. Here we report the identification of SIMX1 encoding a MIXTA-like MYB transcription factor in tomato that simultaneously modulates drought resistance and metabolic processes through regulating key structural and regulatory genes of the corre- sponding pathways. Over-expression of SIMX1 results in substantially increased drought tolerance and improved fruit quality, while knocking down SIMX1 resulted in the opposite phenotypes. Our study indicates an effective way with multiplebeneficial traits by genetic engineering of a single regulatory gene and can be a novel approach to breeding crops.
文摘Four tomato accessions, namely Ac 238, Roma, Seijima Jeisei and Varushanadu Local selected from preliminary screening of 321 accessions and their hybrid derivatives, namely HYtF： （Varushanadu Local × Ac 238）, HY2F1（Varushanadu Local × Roma）, HY3F1 （Ac 238 × Roma） （first generation）, HY1F2, HY2F2 and HY3F2 （second generation） were evaluated for their resistance in comparison with a susceptible check, 1979 against the leaf caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fab. both under field and laboratory conditions at Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India. In the field evaluation, accession Seijima Jeisei and hybrid HY3F1 recorded the minimum larval population. In glasshouse and laboratory studies, Seijima Jeisei was the least preferred by S. litura for both feeding and oviposition. The hybrid HYsF： exerted pronounced antibiosis effect on S. litura. Among the various biophysical and biochemical bases of resistance, contents of reducing sugar and phenol were found negatively correlated with S. litura larval feeding. Among the hybrids, HY3F1 and HY3F2 and the parent Seijima Jeisei recorded higher fruit yield per plant in both seasons. Considerable variation in the resistance traits of the hybrids was observed when compared with the parents.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Project)(Grant No.2011CB710902)the National Manned Spaceflight Project of China
文摘Controlled ecological life support systems provide food, air, water, and other basic living resources for crew members on long-duration spaceflight missions. Plants are an important basic requirement of these systems and their biological characteristics in space have very high research value. Based on experiments of spaceflight in Shenzhou 8 spacecraft and simulating microgravity effects on three-dimensional （3-D） clinostat, the biological characteristics of tomato＇s leaf cell sub-microstructure and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied and compared in this work. Results showed that leaf cell sub-microstructure of the tomato samples experiencing spaceflight had more changes than effects, and both peroxidase （POD） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） that of the samples processed by simulated microgravity activities increase obviously in both the environments.
