为研究澳大利亚荒漠植物比拉底白刺的抗旱性,以比拉底白刺幼苗作为研究材料,在100 mmol/L甘露醇溶液模拟干旱的环境下,观察了植物形态变化,测定了植物的相对含水量(relative water content,RWC)、过氧化物酶活性(peroxidase,POD)、丙二...为研究澳大利亚荒漠植物比拉底白刺的抗旱性,以比拉底白刺幼苗作为研究材料,在100 mmol/L甘露醇溶液模拟干旱的环境下,观察了植物形态变化,测定了植物的相对含水量(relative water content,RWC)、过氧化物酶活性(peroxidase,POD)、丙二醛(malondiadehyde,MDA)以及游离脯氨酸(proline,Pro)含量的动态变化。结果表明,干旱处理过程中,比拉底白刺叶片从基部往上逐渐萎蔫变黄,推测其通过保护顶芽的生命力以适应干旱环境;相对含水量前期相对稳定,后逐渐下降;POD活性先缓慢升高,后快速上升;游离Pro浓度总体呈上升趋势;MDA含量先升后降。差异显著性分析表明,与对照相比,POD和游离Pro的变化趋势与对照组相比差异显著,说明二者与比拉底白刺的抗旱性具有相关性,通过减少质膜过氧化保护细胞完整性;MDA含量变化不明显,可能由于POD和游离脯氨酸的作用使得白刺细胞的膜脂系统未遭受活性氧自由基的强烈攻击。展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to identify the drought tolerance of peanut（Arachis hypogaea） seedlings. [Method] The plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of 80 peanut varieties or lines were determined un...[Objective] This study was conducted to identify the drought tolerance of peanut（Arachis hypogaea） seedlings. [Method] The plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of 80 peanut varieties or lines were determined under the drought stress simulated using 15% PEG6000 in laboratory. Relative values of the three indices were calculated to measure the drought tolerance of the 80 peanut varieties or lines. [Result] The growth of peanut seedlings was significantly inhibited after 10 d of drought treatment. Cluster analysis revealed that at Euclidean distance D=15, the80 peanut varieties or lines were divided into four categories A, B, C and D. Among them, category B had better drought tolerance while category C was sensitive to drought. In all the four categories, the approved peanut varieties or lines showed better drought tolerance than the unapproved ones. [Conclusion] The drought tolerant and the drought sensitive peanut varieties or lines screened in this study can be used for further basic research and germplasm improvement.展开更多
The drought resistance of Pennisetum sp. was analyzed under different drought stress conditions simulated by various concentrations of PEG-6000. Changesofa series of indexes such as chlorophyll content, water content,...The drought resistance of Pennisetum sp. was analyzed under different drought stress conditions simulated by various concentrations of PEG-6000. Changesofa series of indexes such as chlorophyll content, water content, relative electrical conductivity of osmotic solution, MDA content, proline content, soluble polysaccharide content and soluble protein content in the leaves were measured.The correlation of these indexes with the drought resistance of Pennisetum sp. was an- alyzed by the method of grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the chlorophyll, water content, relative electrical conductivity and soluble protein con- tentexhibited obvious negative correlation with the stress concentration, which de- creasedfollowing the increase of PEG-6000 concentration. The soluble polysaccha- ride contentshowed an increasing trend,the MDA content showed a rise at first fol- lowed by a declinetrend, while the prolinecontent was just opposite to MDA. The changes of the 3 indexes showed obvious positive correlation with thestress con- centration. The correlation of these indexes with the drought resistance of Pennise- tum sp. were ranked as follows： leaf water content （0.980 8）, chlorophyll content （0.967 9）, MDA content （0.876 0）, soluble polysaccharide content （0.839 5）, soluble protein content（0.827 5）, relative electrical conductivity of osmotic solution（0.670 8）, and proline content（0.571 3）.展开更多
The water shortage faced with rice production in China was comprehensively analyzed,and the seasonal as well as spatial and temporal differences were the factors limiting rice production,which would be a severe test f...The water shortage faced with rice production in China was comprehensively analyzed,and the seasonal as well as spatial and temporal differences were the factors limiting rice production,which would be a severe test for grain production safety.Therefore,solving strategies had been proposed from the following aspects：the improvement of irrigation practices was of significant effect on improving the high efficient utilization of water;the screening of drought resistance cultivars and upland rice cultivation could also greatly improve the ability of drought resistance;the combination of traditional breeding techniques with modern transgenic technology as well as the QTL analysis had made considerable progress on improving the soil moisture productive potential of rice from the perspective of genetics.The development of China＇s rice industry would face greater water scarcity in the future,but the conventional water-saving technologies could only reduce water consume to a certain extent,while the exploration and improvement of the water saving potential of wetland rice to give full play to the biological water-saving function would become the goal of agricultural development in China.展开更多
Under drought treatment conditions,102 shares of different rice（Oryza sativa） varieties were clustered using the agronomic traits including productive ears,grains per ear,1 000-grain weight,plant height and grain we...Under drought treatment conditions,102 shares of different rice（Oryza sativa） varieties were clustered using the agronomic traits including productive ears,grains per ear,1 000-grain weight,plant height and grain weight per plant as indicators.The results showed that the materials tested could be classified into 5 groups.Of the five groups,group Ⅴ showed highest drought resistance（mean Dc value reached 84.88）,and could therefore be used as parent materials for drought cultivar breeding;groupⅡexhibited a mean Dc value of 75.64,among these materials some individuals performed excellent traits and could be used as special materials;group Ⅳ showed the lowest mean Dc value（45.9）,indicating no drought resistance;groupⅠand group Ⅲ performed as ordinary.展开更多
文摘为研究澳大利亚荒漠植物比拉底白刺的抗旱性,以比拉底白刺幼苗作为研究材料,在100 mmol/L甘露醇溶液模拟干旱的环境下,观察了植物形态变化,测定了植物的相对含水量(relative water content,RWC)、过氧化物酶活性(peroxidase,POD)、丙二醛(malondiadehyde,MDA)以及游离脯氨酸(proline,Pro)含量的动态变化。结果表明,干旱处理过程中,比拉底白刺叶片从基部往上逐渐萎蔫变黄,推测其通过保护顶芽的生命力以适应干旱环境;相对含水量前期相对稳定,后逐渐下降;POD活性先缓慢升高,后快速上升;游离Pro浓度总体呈上升趋势;MDA含量先升后降。差异显著性分析表明,与对照相比,POD和游离Pro的变化趋势与对照组相比差异显著,说明二者与比拉底白刺的抗旱性具有相关性,通过减少质膜过氧化保护细胞完整性;MDA含量变化不明显,可能由于POD和游离脯氨酸的作用使得白刺细胞的膜脂系统未遭受活性氧自由基的强烈攻击。
基金Supported by the Agricultural Science Independent Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Province[CX(12)5089]~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to identify the drought tolerance of peanut（Arachis hypogaea） seedlings. [Method] The plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of 80 peanut varieties or lines were determined under the drought stress simulated using 15% PEG6000 in laboratory. Relative values of the three indices were calculated to measure the drought tolerance of the 80 peanut varieties or lines. [Result] The growth of peanut seedlings was significantly inhibited after 10 d of drought treatment. Cluster analysis revealed that at Euclidean distance D=15, the80 peanut varieties or lines were divided into four categories A, B, C and D. Among them, category B had better drought tolerance while category C was sensitive to drought. In all the four categories, the approved peanut varieties or lines showed better drought tolerance than the unapproved ones. [Conclusion] The drought tolerant and the drought sensitive peanut varieties or lines screened in this study can be used for further basic research and germplasm improvement.
基金Supported by Fujian Juncao Ecological Industry Collaborative Innovation Tackling Key Subject(JCXTGG22)Technical Demonstration Project of Ministry of Water Resources(SF-201603)+1 种基金Scientific and Technological Development Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(KF2015112)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2015J01153)~~
文摘The drought resistance of Pennisetum sp. was analyzed under different drought stress conditions simulated by various concentrations of PEG-6000. Changesofa series of indexes such as chlorophyll content, water content, relative electrical conductivity of osmotic solution, MDA content, proline content, soluble polysaccharide content and soluble protein content in the leaves were measured.The correlation of these indexes with the drought resistance of Pennisetum sp. was an- alyzed by the method of grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the chlorophyll, water content, relative electrical conductivity and soluble protein con- tentexhibited obvious negative correlation with the stress concentration, which de- creasedfollowing the increase of PEG-6000 concentration. The soluble polysaccha- ride contentshowed an increasing trend,the MDA content showed a rise at first fol- lowed by a declinetrend, while the prolinecontent was just opposite to MDA. The changes of the 3 indexes showed obvious positive correlation with thestress con- centration. The correlation of these indexes with the drought resistance of Pennise- tum sp. were ranked as follows： leaf water content （0.980 8）, chlorophyll content （0.967 9）, MDA content （0.876 0）, soluble polysaccharide content （0.839 5）, soluble protein content（0.827 5）, relative electrical conductivity of osmotic solution（0.670 8）, and proline content（0.571 3）.
文摘The water shortage faced with rice production in China was comprehensively analyzed,and the seasonal as well as spatial and temporal differences were the factors limiting rice production,which would be a severe test for grain production safety.Therefore,solving strategies had been proposed from the following aspects：the improvement of irrigation practices was of significant effect on improving the high efficient utilization of water;the screening of drought resistance cultivars and upland rice cultivation could also greatly improve the ability of drought resistance;the combination of traditional breeding techniques with modern transgenic technology as well as the QTL analysis had made considerable progress on improving the soil moisture productive potential of rice from the perspective of genetics.The development of China＇s rice industry would face greater water scarcity in the future,but the conventional water-saving technologies could only reduce water consume to a certain extent,while the exploration and improvement of the water saving potential of wetland rice to give full play to the biological water-saving function would become the goal of agricultural development in China.
基金Supported by Key Program of Chongqing Municipality (CSTC,2007AC1061)~~
文摘Under drought treatment conditions,102 shares of different rice（Oryza sativa） varieties were clustered using the agronomic traits including productive ears,grains per ear,1 000-grain weight,plant height and grain weight per plant as indicators.The results showed that the materials tested could be classified into 5 groups.Of the five groups,group Ⅴ showed highest drought resistance（mean Dc value reached 84.88）,and could therefore be used as parent materials for drought cultivar breeding;groupⅡexhibited a mean Dc value of 75.64,among these materials some individuals performed excellent traits and could be used as special materials;group Ⅳ showed the lowest mean Dc value（45.9）,indicating no drought resistance;groupⅠand group Ⅲ performed as ordinary.
