空心玻璃微珠三相泡沫抗溶抗烧性能实验研究

研究了空心玻璃微珠添加量、泡沫液浓度和泡沫液性质对三相泡沫在油面的稳定性和抗烧性能影响规律。结果表明,空心玻璃微珠添加量越大,三相泡沫在油面的稳定性越差。泡沫液浓度和性质对三相泡沫在油面的稳定性有一定影响。添加微珠后三相泡沫的抗烧性能降低,与蛋白两相泡沫相比,空心微珠添加量为10mL、30mL和50mL时,ti缩短约26%、38%和42%,泡沫完全烧损时间也缩短约20%、28%和31%。

黏土水泥浆材抗溶蚀性能试验研究

为研究黏土水泥浆材结石抗溶蚀性能,采用自制的压滤装置进行了注浆模拟试验,采用浸析法测得不同压力下注浆结石的CaO累计溶出量,并结合扫描电镜照片和吸水动力学法研究不同黏土掺量下结石的孔隙结构。结果表明:黏土水泥浆材水灰比越大,结石的CaO累计溶出量越小;速凝剂掺量越高,CaO累计溶出量越大;黏土掺入水泥浆液能改善结石的孔隙均匀性,减小速凝剂的不利影响;考虑压滤效应时,黏土水泥、纯水泥结石的CaO累计溶出率分别减小5%、1.4%左右,黏土水泥比纯水泥浆材结石的抗溶蚀性能提高更明显。为获得良好的抗溶蚀性能,工程实践使用黏土水泥浆材灌浆防渗,黏土的掺量不宜超过45%,速凝剂掺量不宜超过1%。

隧道衬砌混凝土抗溶蚀性能影响因素研究

以广东某隧道工程为例,研究了水胶比、矿物掺合料和砂率对混凝土早期抗压强度、抗渗性能、抗氯离子渗透性能和抗溶蚀性能的影响。结果表明:随着水胶比的减小,混凝土早期抗压强度、抗渗性能、抗氯离子渗透性能和抗溶蚀性能均提高;掺入适量的矿物掺合料降低了混凝土的早期抗压强度和抗渗性能,但提高了混凝土的抗氯离子渗透性能和抗溶蚀性能;随着砂率的增加,混凝土的早期抗压强度先降低后提高,抗渗性能、抗氯离子渗透性能、抗溶蚀性能提高,最佳砂率为45%;综合对比得到了各因素对混凝土抗溶蚀性能的提高效果为:水胶比>矿物掺合料>砂率。

再生粗骨料品质对混凝土抗溶蚀性能的影响

基于硝酸加速溶蚀试验方法,分别对100%取代率下不同品质(Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类)再生粗骨料混凝土和天然粗骨料混凝土的抗溶蚀耐久性进行对比研究,并从宏观力学性能退化及内部微观结构损伤方面进一步揭示混凝土抗溶蚀性能经时劣化规律和损伤机理。研究结果表明:高品质再生骨料制备的混凝土抗压强度较高,与骨料物理性能具有良好的对应关系。在溶蚀环境下,再生粗骨料混凝土的抗压强度损失率、质量损失率、溶蚀深度随溶蚀龄期的增长而逐渐增大,但随着粗骨料品质的降低,却并不一定严格增大,会出现阶段性差异。由SEM图像可知,溶蚀前后,低品质骨料混凝土界面过渡区差异明显。由溶蚀深度与溶蚀时间的拟合公式可知,3类品质骨料制备的混凝土均满足软水环境中的水工结构使用要求,低品质(Ⅲ类)再生粗骨料混凝土可用于一代服役50 a的水利工程结构。

粘土水泥注浆材料抗水溶蚀特性试验研究

文章通过大样本浸泡试验,选用粘土水泥膏浆、粘土水泥稳定浆液及相同水灰比、水固比的纯水泥试件,分别在纯水和某工程地下水中浸泡,测量各浸泡溶液的CaO溶出量情况,研究粘土水泥浆材的抗水溶蚀性能,评价粘土水泥浆材的耐久性能。试验结果表明,粘土水泥膏浆抗溶蚀性能优于粘土水泥稳定浆液,稳定浆液抗溶蚀性能优于同水固比的纯水泥试件,即粘土水泥浆材的耐久性更好。

Preparation of three-dimensional braided carbon fiber reinforced mullite composites from a sol with high solid content

To prepare the three-dimensional braided carbon fiber reinforced mullite （3D C/mullite） composites, an Al2O3-SiO2 solwith a solid content of 20% （mass fraction） and an Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio of 2：1 was selected as the raw material. Characteristics andmullitization of the sol were analyzed throughly. It is found that the formation of mullite is basically completed at 1300℃ and thegel powders exhibit favorable sintering shrinkage. The 3D C/mullite composites without interfacial coating were fabricated throughthe route of vacuum impregnation-drying-heat treatment. Satisfied mechanical properties with a flexural strength of 241.2 MPa anda fracture toughness of 10.9 MPa·m1/2are obtained although the total porosity reaches 26.0%. Oxidation resistances of the compositesat 1200, 1400 and 1600 ℃ were investigated. Due to the further densification of matrix, the 3D C/mullite composites show tiny massloss and their mechanical properties are well retained after oxidation at 1600 ℃ for 30 min.

Study the Effect of Boron and Titanium to Resist Corrosion in the Salt Solution for the Alloy （Al-Cu-Mg）

The alloy （AI-Cu-Mg） alloy important one dating back to the series （2xxx） where copper foundries basic element which represents the number （2）, the study relied on foundries add elements boron （B） and titanium （Ti） and then use a heat treatment （homogenizing process） to improve the corrosion resistance in saline （NaC1 3.5%） of the base alloy （A1-Cu-Mg）, was prepared four types of alloys （A, B, C, D） depending on the chemical composition. The results showed that the corrosion resistance in saline solution was the best resistance in the alloy （D） （A1-2% Cu-2% Mg-0.1% B-1.0% Ti） compared with the rest of bullion when an examination of corrosion of the alloy prepared after homogenizing. But by examining the surface roughness of the alloy ingot turned out that （D） is softer than the rest of the surface alloys and this is due to the addition of boron and titanium together increases surface smoothness in alloys because it works to reduce the grain size.

叶轮式辅助心脏泵装置优化设计

叶轮式血液泵LAP-Ⅰ采用了航空叶轮机械中使用的设计思想方法,该装置是针对亚洲患者的临床应用而设计.综合航空叶轮机械技术和医学需求,采用整体转子和悬臂静子结构设计,并对其串列叶栅静子结构做了进一步的优化改进,得到叶轮式血液泵LAP-Ⅱ.计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟结果表明,血泵LAP-Ⅱ的压升性能达到医学需求,泵体内流动状况顺畅.最大比较剪切应力(S)值得到明显降低,流线显示血液通过泵体的最长时间得到减小,抗溶血应用性能得到提高.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi protect a subtropical tree species exposed to simulated acid rain by accelerating photosynthetic ability,antioxidant enzymes and osmolyte accumulation

Acid rain(AR),which occurs frequently in southern China,negatively affects the growth of subtropical tree species.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)mitigate the detrimental effects induced by AR.However,the mechanisms by which AMF protect Zelkova serrata,an economically important tree species in southern China,from AR stress remain unclear.We conducted a greenhouse experiment in which Z.serrata plants were inoculated with AMF species Rhizophagus intraradices and Diversispora versiformis,either alone or as a mixed culture,or with a sterilized inoculum(negative control).The plants were subjected to three levels of simulated sulfuric AR and nitric AR(pH 2.5,4.0 and 5.6)to examine any interactive effects on growth,photosynthetic capabilities,antioxidant enzymes,osmotic adjustment and soil enzymes.AR significantly decreased dry weight,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and soluble protein(SP)of non-mycorrhizal plants.Mycorrhizal inoculation,especially a combination of R.intraradices and D.versiformis,notably improved dry weight,photosynthetic capabilities,catalase,peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,SP and root acid phosphatase activity of Z.serrata under harsh AR stress.Moreover,the benefits from AMF symbionts depended on the identity of AM fungal species and the gradient of AR stress.Our results indicate that AM fungi protect z.serrata against AR stress by synchronously activating photosynthetic ability,antioxidant enzymes and osmolyte accumulation.These findings suggest that a combination of R.intraradices and D.versiformis may be a preferable choice for culturing Z.serratain southern China.