【目的】稻瘟病严重威胁黑龙江省水稻的生产,选育和利用抗瘟品种是最经济、安全和有效的措施。了解黑龙江省水稻主栽品种的稻瘟病抗性,明确稻瘟病抗性基因的有效性,为黑龙江省稻瘟病抗病种质资源的选育和利用提供依据。【方法】2018年...【目的】稻瘟病严重威胁黑龙江省水稻的生产,选育和利用抗瘟品种是最经济、安全和有效的措施。了解黑龙江省水稻主栽品种的稻瘟病抗性,明确稻瘟病抗性基因的有效性,为黑龙江省稻瘟病抗病种质资源的选育和利用提供依据。【方法】2018年秋季在黑龙江省水稻主产区采集134株水稻单孢菌株,采用病原物接种鉴定方法对黑龙江省50个水稻主栽品种进行抗性分析;针对已报道的35个稻瘟病抗病基因,利用基因特异性引物对参试品种及阳性对照品种进行抗瘟基因检测,对部分无阳性对照品种抗性基因扩增后测序,与NCBI中公布的参考序列比对,分析稻瘟病抗性基因在相应品种中的存在情况;通过基因聚合类型与品种抗性表现相关性分析,明确与黑龙江省水稻品种抗性表现相关的基因型。【结果】根据抗性频率评价,参试的黑龙江省50份水稻品种中,龙粳20表现为抗,龙粳67、龙垦202、龙粳40、龙粳31、龙粳57和龙粳43表现为中抗,其余43个品种均表现感病。通过品种组合抗性分析发现龙粳20与龙粳67等33对品种组合的联合抗性系数(resistance association coefficients,RAC)较高,联合致病性系数(virulence association coefficients,VAC)较低,联合抗病性较好,该类搭配结构具有良好的应用前景。通过特异性引物对品种携带的抗瘟基因鉴定结果显示,抗瘟基因Pish、Pi36、Pi33和Pi-CO39在供试品种中均被检测到,Pi63、Ptr、Pi37、Pi64、pi21、Pi9、Pi54、Pi-kh、Pia、Pikp、Pi35、Pikm和Pik的被检出率为50%—100%,说明这类基因在黑龙江省水稻育种中应用较广泛;Pita、Pib、Pii、Pi5、Piz-t、Pi50和Pi2的被检出率为10%—50%,Pid2仅在2个品种中被检测到,Pigm仅在吉粳88中被检测到,而Pit、Pid3、Bsr-d1、Pi25、Pid3-A4、Pi56、Pi1、Pike和Pb1在供试品种中均未被检测到,说明这类基因在黑龙江省水稻品种中分布较少。通过品种基因型分析发现,供试品种携带抗瘟基因12—19个不等,共58种抗瘟基因型,说明供试品种的抗瘟基因组合类型较丰富。单基因及多基因聚合与抗病相关性分析结果显示,Pi2、Piz-t、Pi50、Pi5和Pii的分布频率与携带该基因且表现抗病的百分率相当;研究发现品种携带抗瘟基因越多,其表现为抗病品种的概率越高,携带Pi2+Piz-t+Pi50+α聚合类型的6份品种均表现为抗病。【结论】参试的黑龙江省水稻种质资源抗性偏低,部分品种组合种植有较高应用价值,抗瘟基因在参试品种中分布不等,Pi2、Piz-t、Pi50、Pi5和Pii在品种抗病方面起主导作用,Pi2+Piz-t+Pi50+α基因聚合类型可以提高水稻抗瘟性。展开更多
In order to determine the resistance of leading rice varieties to rice blast in Guangxi, three natural induction rice blast nurseries were established in Cenxi, Sanjiang and Yongfu. The resistance of the 45 leading ri...In order to determine the resistance of leading rice varieties to rice blast in Guangxi, three natural induction rice blast nurseries were established in Cenxi, Sanjiang and Yongfu. The resistance of the 45 leading rice varieties in Guangxi to rice blast was determined under conditions of spray inoculation and natural induction at seedling stage. The results showed that resistance frequencies of the 45 leading rice varieties ranged from 8.33% to 94.44%. Among the 45 tested varieties, there were 8 varieties of which the resistance frequencies were all higher than 80%, accounting for 17.78%; there were 11 varieties of which the resistance frequencies ranged from 50% to 80%, accounting for 24.44%; the resistance frequencies of the remaining varieties were all lower than 50%, accounting for 57.78% of the total tested varieties. The twoconsecutive-year determination results showed none of the 45 leading rice varieties showed resistance to rice blast. In 2010, there were 26, 12 and 7 varieties that were moderately sensitive, sensitive and greatly sensitive to rice blast respectively, accounting for 57.78%, 26.67% and 15.56% of the total tested varieties. In 2011, there were 16, 23 and 12 varieties that were moderately sensitive, sensitive and greatly sensitive to rice blast respectively, accounting for 35.56%, 51.11% and 13.33%. The overall resistance of the 45 leading rice varieties trended to be decreased year by year. So in rice production, they should be selected properly.展开更多
文摘【目的】稻瘟病严重威胁黑龙江省水稻的生产,选育和利用抗瘟品种是最经济、安全和有效的措施。了解黑龙江省水稻主栽品种的稻瘟病抗性,明确稻瘟病抗性基因的有效性,为黑龙江省稻瘟病抗病种质资源的选育和利用提供依据。【方法】2018年秋季在黑龙江省水稻主产区采集134株水稻单孢菌株,采用病原物接种鉴定方法对黑龙江省50个水稻主栽品种进行抗性分析;针对已报道的35个稻瘟病抗病基因,利用基因特异性引物对参试品种及阳性对照品种进行抗瘟基因检测,对部分无阳性对照品种抗性基因扩增后测序,与NCBI中公布的参考序列比对,分析稻瘟病抗性基因在相应品种中的存在情况;通过基因聚合类型与品种抗性表现相关性分析,明确与黑龙江省水稻品种抗性表现相关的基因型。【结果】根据抗性频率评价,参试的黑龙江省50份水稻品种中,龙粳20表现为抗,龙粳67、龙垦202、龙粳40、龙粳31、龙粳57和龙粳43表现为中抗,其余43个品种均表现感病。通过品种组合抗性分析发现龙粳20与龙粳67等33对品种组合的联合抗性系数(resistance association coefficients,RAC)较高,联合致病性系数(virulence association coefficients,VAC)较低,联合抗病性较好,该类搭配结构具有良好的应用前景。通过特异性引物对品种携带的抗瘟基因鉴定结果显示,抗瘟基因Pish、Pi36、Pi33和Pi-CO39在供试品种中均被检测到,Pi63、Ptr、Pi37、Pi64、pi21、Pi9、Pi54、Pi-kh、Pia、Pikp、Pi35、Pikm和Pik的被检出率为50%—100%,说明这类基因在黑龙江省水稻育种中应用较广泛;Pita、Pib、Pii、Pi5、Piz-t、Pi50和Pi2的被检出率为10%—50%,Pid2仅在2个品种中被检测到,Pigm仅在吉粳88中被检测到,而Pit、Pid3、Bsr-d1、Pi25、Pid3-A4、Pi56、Pi1、Pike和Pb1在供试品种中均未被检测到,说明这类基因在黑龙江省水稻品种中分布较少。通过品种基因型分析发现,供试品种携带抗瘟基因12—19个不等,共58种抗瘟基因型,说明供试品种的抗瘟基因组合类型较丰富。单基因及多基因聚合与抗病相关性分析结果显示,Pi2、Piz-t、Pi50、Pi5和Pii的分布频率与携带该基因且表现抗病的百分率相当;研究发现品种携带抗瘟基因越多,其表现为抗病品种的概率越高,携带Pi2+Piz-t+Pi50+α聚合类型的6份品种均表现为抗病。【结论】参试的黑龙江省水稻种质资源抗性偏低,部分品种组合种植有较高应用价值,抗瘟基因在参试品种中分布不等,Pi2、Piz-t、Pi50、Pi5和Pii在品种抗病方面起主导作用,Pi2+Piz-t+Pi50+α基因聚合类型可以提高水稻抗瘟性。
文摘In order to determine the resistance of leading rice varieties to rice blast in Guangxi, three natural induction rice blast nurseries were established in Cenxi, Sanjiang and Yongfu. The resistance of the 45 leading rice varieties in Guangxi to rice blast was determined under conditions of spray inoculation and natural induction at seedling stage. The results showed that resistance frequencies of the 45 leading rice varieties ranged from 8.33% to 94.44%. Among the 45 tested varieties, there were 8 varieties of which the resistance frequencies were all higher than 80%, accounting for 17.78%; there were 11 varieties of which the resistance frequencies ranged from 50% to 80%, accounting for 24.44%; the resistance frequencies of the remaining varieties were all lower than 50%, accounting for 57.78% of the total tested varieties. The twoconsecutive-year determination results showed none of the 45 leading rice varieties showed resistance to rice blast. In 2010, there were 26, 12 and 7 varieties that were moderately sensitive, sensitive and greatly sensitive to rice blast respectively, accounting for 57.78%, 26.67% and 15.56% of the total tested varieties. In 2011, there were 16, 23 and 12 varieties that were moderately sensitive, sensitive and greatly sensitive to rice blast respectively, accounting for 35.56%, 51.11% and 13.33%. The overall resistance of the 45 leading rice varieties trended to be decreased year by year. So in rice production, they should be selected properly.
