Al_2O_3改善FCC催化剂抗镍性的机理研究

研究了不同比表面积和孔径分布的Al2 O3 作为基质添加组分对FCC催化剂性能的影响 ,结果表明 ,基质中添加活性Al2 O3 有利于改善FCC催化剂的重油转化能力、焦炭选择性以及抗Ni性能 ;借助XRD、TPR等手段研究了NiO在Al2 O3 表面上的分散度和还原性 ,结果表明 :NiO在大孔径 ( 4～ 60nm) ,低比表面积 ( 4 6m2 /g)Al2 O3 上分散度较低 ,不易被还原 ,因而其脱氢活性低 ,致使FCC催化剂的抗镍性能较好。添加 1 0 %该Al2 O3 的催化剂与空白对比剂相比 ,重油转化率增加了 3 .6个百分点 ,焦炭选择性降低了 0 .3

一株镍抗性和石油烃降解菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性

从四川省长宁-威远地区页岩气开发井场重度污染区的土壤中,筛选出一株镍抗性和石油高效降解菌株,研究其生物学特性和部分生理生化指标。将种子液接种在原油重金属液体培养基中,30℃、130 r/min条件下分别培养7 d探究该菌株对金属镍离子的抗性和对总石油烃(Total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)的降解率,以及经生理生化实验、形态观察和16S r DNA对该菌株鉴定分析。结果显示,该菌株对Ni2+的耐受性可达300 mg/L,对Ni2+的去除率和吸附率分别达到了56.64%和52.16%,同时对总TPH的降解率达到35.65%。确定该菌种属柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter sp.),命名为Citrobacter farmeri strain M1。该菌株的最适生长温度为30℃,最适生长p H范围为7-9,最适C∶N为10∶1和盐最高耐受度可达5%。该菌株有较好的石油降解能力并对金属镍有较强的抗性,适用于石油重金属混合污染土壤的修复。

高浓度镍环境中不同培养条件对浸矿微生物群落的影响

为了解高浓度镍环境中不同能源条件对浸矿微生物群落组成的影响,以59g/L(1mol/L)的镍离子作为选择压力,在不同培养条件下富集酸性环境中的微生物,并通过聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术分析微生物群落多样性。研究结果表明:在高浓度镍离子胁迫下仍存在多种微生物,分别属于变形菌门、酸杆菌和厚壁菌门。此外,研究还发现,不同的富集条件对微生物群落影响很大。当pH值为4时,以亚铁为能源的富集物中,其微生物群落主要以Acidiphilium属和Acidobacterias属为主;在以单质硫为能源的富集物中,90%的微生物属于Acidiphilium;在以硫酸亚铁、单质硫及酵母粉为能源的富集条件下,Acidiphilium和Pseudomonas为优势种群。

Ni对催化裂化催化剂的中毒机理研究

研究了重金属Ni对FCC催化剂的毒害机理,考察了不同结晶度拟薄水铝石材料对Ni离子的钝化作用,从而提出采用功能性Ni氧化物可使FCC催化剂脱氢活性钝化的抗Ni催化剂设计的新思路,并探讨了Ni污染对催化剂形貌和反应性能的影响。实验结果表明,在FCC催化剂中使用高结晶度拟薄水铝石材料,可有效抑制Ni的脱氢活性,降低干气和焦炭产率,提高目标产物的收率,催化剂表现出优异的Ni钝化效果。

Effect of nano-size nickel particles on wear resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance of ultrafine ceramic coating

In order to improve the wear resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance of titanium and titanium alloy, the high temperature ultra fine ceramic coating containing nano-size nickel particles was prepared by flow coat method on the surface of industrially pure titanium TB1-0. The effects of nano-size nickel particles on the wear resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance of coating substrate system were investigated through oxidation kinetics experiment and wear resistance test. The morphologies of the specimens were examined by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the high temperature ultra fine ceramic coating has notable protection effect on industrially pure titanium TB1-0 from oxidation. The oxidation and wear resistance properties of the coating can be effectively improved by adding nano-size nickel particles. The oxidative mass gain of the specimen decreases from 11.33 mg·cm-2 to 5.25 mg·cm-2 and the friction coefficient decreases from 1.1 to 0.6 by adding nano-size nickel particles, and the coating containing 10% （mass fraction） nano-size nickel shows the optimum properties.

Synthesis, Spectral Properties, Antibacterial and Antitumor Activity of Salinomycin Complexes with the Transition Metal Ions Co（ll）, Ni（ll）, Cu（ll） and Zn（ll）

SalNa （sodium salinomycin） reacts with divalent transition metal ions of Co（II）, Ni（II）, Cu（II） and Zn（II） to produce novel compounds characterized by various spectroscopic methods. The interaction of metal （II） ions with SalNa results in the formation of mononuclear complexes of a general composition of [M（Sal）2·（H2O）2] nH2O （n = 0 or 2） where the divalent cations replace Na~ ions from the cavity of initial compound. The new compounds （disalinomycinates） possess an enhanced antibacterial activity against Gram-positive microorganisms as compared to both SalNa and SalH （salinomycinic acid）, respectively. The metal （II） complexes manifest strong concentration dependent cytotoxic effect in experiments using human leukemia cell lines. The complexes of Co0I） and Cu（lI） proved to exert superior activity as compared to the Ni（II） and Zn（II） analogues and are much more cytotoxic than SalNa and SalH. Further studies should be conducted to determine the therapeutic indexes of the new compounds.

Oxidation behaviors of Ni-Cr-Al superalloy foams at 1 000 °C in air

The oxidation behaviors of Ni-16Cr-xAl （x=4.5%, 9.0%, mass fraction） superalloy foams in air at 1000℃ were investigated. The effects of AI content on the resistance to high temperature oxidation were examined. The oxidation mechanisms of the foams were discussed. The results show that the resistance to the oxidation of the Ni-16Cr-xA1 based alloy at 1 000 ℃ increases with the content of A1 increasing from 4.5% to 9.0%. Complex oxide products are formed on the surface of the superalloy foams after the oxidation. Cr203 and A1203 are the predominant oxides for the scales of the foams with 4.5% A1 and 9% A1, respectively. Excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and superior pore conformation stability for the Ni-16Cr-xA1 based superalloy foam with 9% A1 can be mainly attributed to the formation of relatively continuous and protective A1203 oxides on the surface of the foam.