延龄草、何首乌对氟哌啶醇致痴呆大鼠抗氧化酶表达作用的研究

目的:观察和探讨延龄草、何首乌对氟哌啶醇致痴呆大鼠抗氧化酶表达作用的影响。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为对照组、模型组、实验1组和实验2组。除对照组外,其余大鼠均用氟哌啶醇建立痴呆症(Alzheimer Disease,AD)动物模型,实验组还分别腹腔注射延龄草注射液、何首乌注射液。测定各组大鼠血、肝、肾、海马、脑皮质超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的含量。结果:与对照组比较,延龄草注射液、何首乌注射液均能使模型大鼠多种组织SOD、GSH-PX显著升高,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.001)。结论:延龄草和何首乌都能增强抗氧化酶表达作用,但对多数组织SOD、GSH-PX表达值的影响,延龄草明显强于何首乌。

灵芝甾醇对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的观察灵芝甾醇(GS)对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤(I/R)大鼠的保护作用,并对其作用原理进行初步探讨。方法复制大鼠大脑中动脉阻断再灌注模型(MCAO/R),分别采用TTC染色法、神经功能评分法观察GS对大鼠大脑梗死体积和行为学评分的影响,同时观察GS对脑组织形态学和MDA水平、SOD活性的影响。结果GS能够降低I/R大鼠脑梗死体积和行为学评分,减轻受损大鼠皮层脑组织的病理改变,抑制脑组织中MDA的生成,提高MnSOD的活性。结论GS对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤有一定保护作用,其作用机制与增强MnSOD活性,减轻I/R中氧化损伤有关。

热激处理对棉花耐逆性的影响

从不同生育期热激处理对棉花抗氧化酶活性和细胞膜伤害的影响及萌动期热激处理对棉花自然高温期的抗氧化酶活性和细胞膜伤害的影响这两个方面研究热激处理与棉花耐逆性的关系。结果表明:热激处理后棉花体内的SOD、POD、CAT的酶活性都增高,在自然高温期MDA的含量下降,蕾铃脱落率下降,热激处理能在一定程度上诱导棉花耐逆性的获得。

Effects of Mutagens on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Cold Resistance of Alfalfa

This study aimed to solve the issues in safe wintering of alfalfa in the north of China. The^(60)Co-γ rays, ultraviolet and EMS were used to mutagenize seeds of 4 cultivars of alfalfa to investigate the effects of mutagens on antioxidant enzymes activity and cold resistance of alfalfa. The results showed that after the mutagenic treatment, the activity of the three kinds of antioxidant enzymes basically showed upward trends.^(60)Co-γ radiation increased the activity of SOD; ultraviolet radiation decreased the activity of SOD; and low-concentration EMS promoted and high-concentration EMS inhibited the activity of SOD. The activity of POD and CAT decreased with the increased radiation dose of^(60)Co-γ, but increased with the increased radiation dose of ultraviolet. The effects of EMS treatment on the activity of POD and CAT differed among different alfalfa cultivars. The concentration of MDA reduced under 30-min, 60-min ultraviolet treatment and 0.4% EMS treatment. According to the subordinate function values of various indices, it could be concluded that 150 Gy of^(60)Co-γ radiation, 90 min of ultraviolet radiation, and 0.4% of EMS were more conducive to improving the cold resistance of alfalfa. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the research on adaptability and cold resistance of alfalfa in rigid cold region and a technical reference for the breeding of high-yield, highquality and cold-resistant alfalfa cultivars.

Effects of UV-B irradiation on isoforms of antioxidant enzymes and their activities in red alga Grateloupia filicina(Rhodophyta)

Macroalgae in a littoral zone are inevitably exposed to UV-B irradiance. We analyzed the effects of UV-B on isoenzyme patterns and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POX）, catalase （CAT）, and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） of red algae Grateloupia filicina （Lamour.） C. Agardh. The activities of SOD, CAT, and APX changed in response to UV-B in a time- and dose-dependent manner. POX activity increased significantly under all three UV-B treatments. The enzymatic assay showed three distinct bands of SODI （Mn-SOD）, SODII （Fe-SOD）, and SODIII （CuZn-SOD） under a low （Luv） and medium （Muv） dose of UV-B irradiation, while SODI and SODIII activities decreased significantly when exposed to a high dose of UV-B irradiation （Huv）. The activity of POX isoenzymes increased significantly after exposure to UV-B, which is consistent with the total activity. In addition, a clear decrease in activity of CATIV was detected in response to all the three doses of UV treatments. Some bands ofAPX isoenzyme were also clearly influenced by UV-B irradiation. Correspondingly, the daily growth rate declined under all the three exposure doses, and was especially significant under Muv and Huv treatments. These data suggest that, although the protection mechanisms of antioxidant defense system are partly inducible by UV-B to prevent the damage, G.filicina has incomplete tolerance to higher UV-B irradiation stress.

Lactobacilli Improve the Antioxidant Activity in Fermented Coriolus versicolor Extract

Coriolus versicolor has been reported to have biological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antibiotics and immunopotentiation. The authors tried to ferment using lactobacilli associated with various biological functions and expected that fermented extract by lactobacilli will be superior to non-fermented extract in antioxidant activity. C. versicolor was extracted with 70% ethanol and then it was fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus KCTC3164 and Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC3099, respectively. 1,l-dipheny｜-2-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） scavenging activity, superoxide dismutase （SOD）-like activity and tetrazolium salt 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assays were performed. DPPH scavenging activity of fermented extract by L. acidophilus was higher than fermented extract by L. plantarum and antioxidant effect of fermented extract was 20%-30% higher than non-fermented extract. SOD-like activity was represented 18% in fermented extract by L. acidophilus, and was 27% in fermented extract by L. plantarum higher than non-fermented extract. As a result, this study suggests that it may need an efficient protocol for dominant bio-physiological activities such as extract volume or appropriate working volume of cultured cell or mixture condition. The fermented C. versicolor extract should provide with useful antioxidant agent in the human skin.

木瓜总三萜对非甾体抗炎药诱导大鼠小肠损伤的保护作用及机制研究

目的:研究木瓜总三萜对非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)诱导小肠损伤模型大鼠内源性超氧化物歧化酶/谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1/过氧化氢酶(SOD/GPX1/CAT)抗氧化系统、细胞外信号调节激酶/核因子2相关因子2/血红素氧合酶-1(ERK/Nrf2/HO-1)和线粒体凋亡信号通路的影响。方法:实验大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、木瓜总三萜(25、50和100mg/kg)组和雷贝拉唑肠溶片100mg/kg组,各组大鼠灌胃给予相应的药物,每天1次,连续1周,末次给药后禁食,次日再次给药1次; 1小时后,除正常组外,其余各组灌胃给予吲哚美辛45mg/kg 1次。24小时后取血,进行血液中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT和MPO、MDA水平检测;取小肠组织进行溃疡指数和组织形态学分析;实时定量PCR检测小肠组织中SOD1、SOD2、SOD3、GPX1、CAT、Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3、Caspase-9基因表达; Western blot检测小肠组织中ERK1/2、p-ERK1/2、胞浆Nrf2、胞核Nrf2、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达。结果:木瓜总三萜(25、50和100mg/kg)可显著降低吲哚美辛诱导小肠黏膜损伤大鼠小肠溃疡指数、病理学评分,改善小肠黏膜溃疡、黏膜及黏膜下层肿胀和炎性浸润,显著升高血液中内源性抗氧化酶活性,显著上调受损小肠组织中SOD1、SOD2、SOD3、GPX1、CAT和p-ERK1/2、胞核Nrf2、HO-1、Bcl-2表达,显著下调Bax和Caspase-3、Caspase-9表达,且随着剂量的增加,其作用效果更明显。结论:木瓜总三萜对NSAIDs诱导大鼠小肠损伤具有较好的保护作用,调节内源性SOD/GPX1/CAT抗氧化系统功能及ERK/Nrf2/HO-1和线粒体凋亡信号通路可能是其作用机制之一。

Research on Fuzi based on animal thermotropism behavior to discover if it has fewer "hot" characteristics without Ganjiang

OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Praeparata) has fewer "hot" characteristics when administered without Ganjiang(Rhizoma Zingiberis).METHODS:Differences in the thermotropism behaviors of mice treated either with Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Praeparata),Ganjiang(Rhizoma Zingiberis) or the combination of the two given intragastrically were investigated using the Animal Thermotropism Behavior Surveillance System.The water intake volume,oxygen consumption volume,adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase) activity,total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) activity were determined during the investigation.RESULTS:When Fuzi and Ganjiang were administered together,the rate at which mice remained on a warm plate("remaining rate") and the times and distances of their movement were all significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with the Normal group,the reduction was 55.1%,48.3% and 44.8%,while compared with the Fuzi group,the reduction was 57.6%,34.3% and 36.0%,indicating that "cold" tropism was significantly increased.Compared with the Normal and Fuzi groups,the ATPase activity and the respiratory oxygen consumption volume of the Fuzi + Ganjiang group were significantly increased(P<0.05),suggesting an improvement in energy metabolism and showing a "hot" characteristic when Fuzi and Ganjiang are present together.Additionally,the T-AOC and T-SOD activity were significantly enhanced(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The behavior of mice tending toward "cold" tropism can be regarded as a quantitative reflection of Fuzi having fewer characteristics consistent w ith a "hot" nature when not used with Ganjiang,the functional mechanism of which may be a change in the ATPase activity in liver tissue.