利用2007-2009年Cloud Sat卫星云廓线雷达(nadir-pointing cloud profiling radar,CPR)资料,气象、电离层和气候卫星联合观测系统(Global Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate,COSMIC)掩星资料,分...利用2007-2009年Cloud Sat卫星云廓线雷达(nadir-pointing cloud profiling radar,CPR)资料,气象、电离层和气候卫星联合观测系统(Global Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate,COSMIC)掩星资料,分析了不同类型云内COSMIC掩星资料与欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)和美国国家环境预报中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction,NCEP)分析场之间的折射率偏差特征。COSMIC与ECMWF和NCEP之间的折射率偏差分别用Nbias^(ECMWF)和Nbias^(NCEP)表示。研究发现,Nbias^(ECMWF)在积云、层积云、高积云和高层云中的最大值分别为1.2%、0.2%、0.5%和0.2%,而Nbias^(NCEP)则分别为1.8%、0.5%、0.5%和0.4%。在层积云的对流层下层Nbias^(NCEP)存在较大的负值,而Nbias^(ECMWF)为正值。折射率的正偏差随着液态水含量增加而增加。从全球分布来看,赤道辐合带云量丰富,Nbias^(NCEP)和Nbias^(ECMWF)也存在明显的正偏差,它在空间上和水汽的正偏差以及温度的负偏差高度相关。展开更多
As an important optical constant of optical properties for spectacle lens,the refractive index measurement is studied using V prism refractometer. In the experiment,according to various factors inducing measurement er...As an important optical constant of optical properties for spectacle lens,the refractive index measurement is studied using V prism refractometer. In the experiment,according to various factors inducing measurement error,the experimental results are analyzed,which include right angle deviation,contact liquid,curvature,and focusing accuracy. The study results show that focusing accuracy is the most important factor of influence for measurement,consists of contact liquid wettability,sample shape,and effective width of light transmission. In addition,the refractive index measurement is less affected by angle deviation of sample and the refractive index deviation of contact liquid. On the basis of the experimental data analysis,it is possible to relax the deviation of right angle of the sample to 1' or 2'.展开更多
文摘利用2007-2009年Cloud Sat卫星云廓线雷达(nadir-pointing cloud profiling radar,CPR)资料,气象、电离层和气候卫星联合观测系统(Global Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate,COSMIC)掩星资料,分析了不同类型云内COSMIC掩星资料与欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)和美国国家环境预报中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction,NCEP)分析场之间的折射率偏差特征。COSMIC与ECMWF和NCEP之间的折射率偏差分别用Nbias^(ECMWF)和Nbias^(NCEP)表示。研究发现,Nbias^(ECMWF)在积云、层积云、高积云和高层云中的最大值分别为1.2%、0.2%、0.5%和0.2%,而Nbias^(NCEP)则分别为1.8%、0.5%、0.5%和0.4%。在层积云的对流层下层Nbias^(NCEP)存在较大的负值,而Nbias^(ECMWF)为正值。折射率的正偏差随着液态水含量增加而增加。从全球分布来看,赤道辐合带云量丰富,Nbias^(NCEP)和Nbias^(ECMWF)也存在明显的正偏差,它在空间上和水汽的正偏差以及温度的负偏差高度相关。
文摘As an important optical constant of optical properties for spectacle lens,the refractive index measurement is studied using V prism refractometer. In the experiment,according to various factors inducing measurement error,the experimental results are analyzed,which include right angle deviation,contact liquid,curvature,and focusing accuracy. The study results show that focusing accuracy is the most important factor of influence for measurement,consists of contact liquid wettability,sample shape,and effective width of light transmission. In addition,the refractive index measurement is less affected by angle deviation of sample and the refractive index deviation of contact liquid. On the basis of the experimental data analysis,it is possible to relax the deviation of right angle of the sample to 1' or 2'.
