To achieve a sustainable building＇s behaviour and preserve the environmental balance, three laws must be taken into account （l） the resources＇ consume must not be faster than the rate at which nature can restock t...To achieve a sustainable building＇s behaviour and preserve the environmental balance, three laws must be taken into account （l） the resources＇ consume must not be faster than the rate at which nature can restock them, （2） the creation of systems that consume maximum energy-quality and （3） the maximization of the use of renewable and recycled materials. Therefore, the buildings＇ rehabilitation process must increase, instead of the proliferation of new buildings, in order to provide the sustainability of the built environment and minimize its ecological impact. The sustainable rehabilitation process is even more difficult in historical areas, in general sited in central zones of the urban mesh, with fragile comfort conditions and a rigid structure. In this paper, different evaluation tools for sustainable buildings were analysed in order to provide a set of evaluation criteria to be applied in the rehabilitation process in historical zones.展开更多
HVFA （high-volume fly ash） concrete could be a sustainable way for by-product utilization to conserve natural resources and protect environment. HVFA concrete can play the role of a high-performance material that ma...HVFA （high-volume fly ash） concrete could be a sustainable way for by-product utilization to conserve natural resources and protect environment. HVFA concrete can play the role of a high-performance material that may be comparable to the conventional Portland cement concrete. The results of the research programme concerning the relationships between the composition of concrete （w/b ratio, fly ash content and type of cement） and their physical and mechanical properties are presented and discussed in the paper. It is found that the introduction of high-volume fly ash into concrete has caused a decrease in compressive strength at the early age of storage. The significant increase in strength was observed between 28 days and 90 days of curing. The high-volume fly ash concretes were characterized with lower water absorbability and sorptivity than control concrete.展开更多
文摘To achieve a sustainable building＇s behaviour and preserve the environmental balance, three laws must be taken into account （l） the resources＇ consume must not be faster than the rate at which nature can restock them, （2） the creation of systems that consume maximum energy-quality and （3） the maximization of the use of renewable and recycled materials. Therefore, the buildings＇ rehabilitation process must increase, instead of the proliferation of new buildings, in order to provide the sustainability of the built environment and minimize its ecological impact. The sustainable rehabilitation process is even more difficult in historical areas, in general sited in central zones of the urban mesh, with fragile comfort conditions and a rigid structure. In this paper, different evaluation tools for sustainable buildings were analysed in order to provide a set of evaluation criteria to be applied in the rehabilitation process in historical zones.
文摘HVFA （high-volume fly ash） concrete could be a sustainable way for by-product utilization to conserve natural resources and protect environment. HVFA concrete can play the role of a high-performance material that may be comparable to the conventional Portland cement concrete. The results of the research programme concerning the relationships between the composition of concrete （w/b ratio, fly ash content and type of cement） and their physical and mechanical properties are presented and discussed in the paper. It is found that the introduction of high-volume fly ash into concrete has caused a decrease in compressive strength at the early age of storage. The significant increase in strength was observed between 28 days and 90 days of curing. The high-volume fly ash concretes were characterized with lower water absorbability and sorptivity than control concrete.
