钢护套顶进施工小断面软土引水隧洞技术

结合北林引水隧洞小断面软土段的工程实例 ,介绍钢护套顶进的技术原理、施工工艺。

市政给排水管道穿越既有铁路技术探讨

由于铁路具有较强的特殊性,其无法向公路一样进行改道施工,所以如果在不停止运行的条件下,实现管道铺设施工操作,提高铁路使用效果,是目前市政给排水管道施工的关键点。基于此,该文以泥水平衡顶管施工技术为主要研究对象,分析该施工技术使用优点,明确市政管道下穿越铁路线施工的注意事项,结合工程实例,将泥水平衡顶管施工技术应用到市政给排水管理施工方面,加固线路质量,降低管道顶进施工对上述结构质量带来的影响程度,保证铁路运营的安全性。

公路隧道洞口偏压段施工技术

根据吕梁市劝家山隧道的实际情况,制定了隧道洞口偏压段的施工方案,并从施工放样、联合支护、基底处理、拱圈施工等方面,阐述了具体的施工技术,有效解决了偏压状态下隧道整体产生位移的问题。

Conservation priority for endemic birds of China's Mainland based on a phylogenetic framework

In this report, a conservation priority scenario for endemic birds of China's Mainland is proposed from a phylogenetic perspective. By utilizing and comparing seven phylogenetic diversity (PD) indices, the study shows that the top ifve endemic birds with high conservation priority are Ar-borophila ardens, A. gingica, A. ruifpectus, Lophophorus lhuysii and Alectoris magna respectively. The ranking of species, based on the IUCN Red List and PD indices, were compared by means of a Wilcox signed rank test and Pearson’s correlation, drawing the inference that the PD ranking of endemic birds for China's Mainland shows a distinct and statistically signiifcant difference from the IUCN rank-ing. Therefore, the ranking of conservation priority for endemic birds of China using PD indices might offer new insights on species conservation from an evolutionary-heritage perspective, serving as a complement to the IUCN ranking.

浅谈穿越高层建筑群回填区浅埋隧道施工

目前城市建筑群的各个地下车库相互独立,车库间需通过地面联通,易发生交通拥堵。增设车库连接道能有效解决地下互通问题。如何确保浅埋连接道穿越建筑群回填区施工安全是重点。结合重庆解放碑地下环道车库连接道穿越既有建筑群回填区施工的技术实践,探讨该类情况浅埋隧道施工的技术措施,为今后类似施工提供借鉴与参考。

旋挖钻机施工技术在高原高海拔砂卵石地层中的应用

旋挖钻机施工技术的应用越来越普及,这是由于其相较于冲击钻机而言在实际应用具有明显的优势,旋挖钻施工功效快,不需要设置泥浆池,有利于环保及绿色施工,因此施工单位应重视对旋挖桩机施工技术的有效掌控。文章在传统旋挖钻机钻孔的基础上深入研究在高原高海拔砂卵石地层中,采用护筒驱动器、自带跟进式护筒护壁旋挖钻孔施工,配合桩博士高效聚合物泥浆,从而高效地完成桩基施工,可为相关工程提供施工参考。

市政给排水管网下穿铁路段施工技术探讨

伴随城市的不断扩容,地下市政给排水管道的建设与城市地面既有道路、建筑物、构筑物形成了冲突,许多管道工程需要连成管网,不少管道还需从铁路下方穿过。而非开挖技术以不开挖地面或以最小的地表开挖量完成管道下穿障碍物的施工,大大减少了对地面的干扰,让地面上的道路、建筑物等仍能保持其使用功能,因此非开挖技术得以广泛应用。在公路或者其他地方,施工造成地表的下沉量对行驶的车辆和其本身功能没有多大的影响,而铁路对两条钢轨的下沉量要求极严,甚至超出标准极小的下沉量,都可能导致重大事故的发生,同时在铁路线上还有许多保证行车的设备,如电气化柱,信号机等,如果倾斜或者沉降,也可能会导致列车行车事故。铁路的另一特性是一般不间断运营,因为一旦改变既有铁路运营,会引起地区的连锁反应,给社会造成极高的损失,同时也无法象公路那样可进行改道施工。因铁路的这些特殊性及高要求,如何在不间断运行情况下,进行管道铺设施工,及如何确保管道施工和使用中地面铁路能安全运营成为了关键。

Rapid excavation with a newly developed retaining system: Spiral assembly steel structure

The spiral assembly steel structure, a newly developed retaining wall for the rapid excavation of small-sized foundation pits in unsaturated soil, is presented. This new type of retaining structure is prefabricated in the factory and is assembled on site in the excavation of a pit. This retaining structure is composed of several prefabricated steel structural units, in which the adjacent steel structural units are joined with connectors. Each steel structural unit has one steel pipe in the radial direction and is welded to a single piece of steel plate. After full installation in situ, the retaining structure becomes a cylindrical steel structure. With the protection afforded by this new type of retaining structure, excavation work can be completed within 24 h to a depth up to 5 m. In order to verify the reliability and effectiveness of this new retaining structure, field construction tests were conducted in Beijing, China. The test construction was monitored. The monitoring program included measuring stress in the structure, lateral earth pressure, and lateral deformation of the surrounding soil. The monitoring data from the field test were compared with the theoretical results. The results show that the proposed new structure is reliable and effective.

Effects of Protective Structures in Morpho-Sedimentological Changes： A Case Study of Rufisque＇s Coast, Petite C6te, Senegal

Protective structures, built in the 1980＇s in order to reduce or stop coastal erosion in Rufisque, involved a modification of the coastal morpho-sedimentary landscape and have intensified the coastal dynamics. The diachronic study of beach profiles, before and after the seawalls construction showed that these protective structures accentuated the coastal erosion, with more important sedimentary deficits at the ends of the structures. Today, the Rufisque coast is characterized by a set of sedimentary cells whose morphological evolution and annual sedimentary dynamics are controlled by seasonal forcing： sedimentary deposits in dry season and erosion in wet season. However, this alternation of deposits and erosion phase shows spatiotemporal disparities. These disparities are very marked between a northwestern area characterized by concave profiles and a southeastern area （the bay of Rufisque） characterized by convex profiles and a much more important sedimentary deficit. The results also showed that these methods of shoreline protection are not durable measurements （degradation of the structures） and have exacerbated the vulnerability to coastal erosion as well as those of the coastal populations.

Xanthophyll Cycle and Its Relative Enzymes

Light is a fundamental source of energy but is also potentially harmful to organisms. Plants have evolved a variety of regulatory mechanisms to respond to the naturally varying light conditions. Xanthophyll cycle is now recognized as a key regulator and photoprotective mechanism found ubiquitously in plants. Xanthophyll cycle has multiple functions, such as thermal dissipation, protection against oxidative stress caused by light, modulation of the structure of thylakoid membrane, involving in blue light signal transduction and regulating the synthesis ofABA （Abscisic acid）. VDE （Violaxanth de-epoxidase） and ZE （zeaxanth epoxidase）, are involved in xanthophyll cycle. This paper outlined the functions of xanthophylls cycle and its relative enzymes.

Integrative Planning and Processes in the Mountain Areas of Mae Hong Son, Thailand

This paper outlines innovative integrative approaches for poverty alleviation based on integrating planning and processes; crossing disciplines and sectors; combining community perception with spatial technology; and creating alliances between community and government agencies. Several tools of development models from Participatory Rural Appraisal （PRA） and 3D Mapping Model programs were applied in the planning model to demonstrate a diversity of integrated development and conservation activities, The planning model was launched with a PRA process evolved a simple community map. The map allowed for the community＇s constraints and potential and related issues to be identified and analyzed by different groups. This initiative was followed by a 3D Mapping Model program, which involved the building of a topographic map. Community＇s resources and landmarks and other meaningful landmarks and data were added. These processes allowed an opportunity for creating a historical timeline, assessing the present and mapping the future of community resources. The planning model serves as a meeting point to support and enhance decentralized governance by providing centrality to the needs and decisions of local communities to improve their quality of life. This has been seen through the adoption of natural resources conservation campaigns by local communities, which include the participation of women, displaced people, ~rassroots organizations, and ~overnment a^encies.

Mobile health applications for the care of patients with breast cancer:A scoping review

Objectives:In recent years,the use of mobile health applications(mHealth apps)to deliver care for patients with breast cancer has increased exponentially.This study aimed to summarize the available evidence on developing mHealth apps to care for patients with breast cancer and identify the need for systematic efforts.Methods:A scoping review was performed according to Arksey and O’Malley’s framework,aiming to identify eligible research studies in PubMed,CINAHL,and Web of Science between January 2010 and December 2020.All identified studies were screened,extracted,and analyzed independently by two reviewers.Results:A total of 676 studies were retrieved,and eight eligible studies were finally included.Four themes emerged:the involvement of patients and health professionals in the phases of design and development,patients’preferences,the characteristics of patients,and the motivators to use mHealth apps.The results indicated promising prospects for using mHealth apps to care for patients with breast cancer and identified the need for systematic efforts to develop and validate relevant apps.Conclusions:The attributes of patient characteristics,needs,and patient-reported outcomes data are vital components for developing mHealth apps for patients with breast cancer.Additionally,collaborative efforts,including patients,nurses,and other significant health professionals,should develop mHealth apps for breast cancer care.Additional research focusing on the design and development of mHealth apps for patients with breast cancer is warranted.

Hybrid zone and its genetic analysis: implication for conservation

Hybrid zone is a very critical concept within the evolutionary biology, because it would offer us a better insight to understand the evolutionary role of gene flow and hybridization based on the cline model. This minireview presents an expatiation of history perspectives and research developments upon basic concepts including hybrid zones, hybridization, hybrid and its the genetic cline model. Moreover, by figuring out the existing problem around the hybrids within conservative theory and practices, it suggests that the theory of hybrid zone be introduced into conservation biology and it would be provide a broader and more open theoretical background for conservative research and practices.

Effect of Operational Changes in Reducing Fish Impingement at a Power Plant in Ohio, USA

Both intake volumetric flow and through-screen velocity （the velocity of water as it passes through the screen） are important variables affecting fish impingement at industrial water intake structures including those at power plants. However, there are limited data available on quantitative assessments of impingement following changes in power plant operation such as reduced volumetric flow and intake velocity. Impingement studies were conducted at Bay Shore Power Plant in 2005-2006 （baseline） and again in 2013-2014 following fish protection mitigation which included reduced intake volumetric flows （from 33.5 m^3·s^-1 to 9.1 cm·s^-1）, a reduced through-screen velocity （from approximately 79.2 cm·s^-1 to 11.6 cm·s^-1）, modified traveling screens and installation of a fish-return system to gently and quickly remove any fish that were impinged back into the waterbody. A comparison of baseline and post-mitigation results suggested that with this mitigation in place, impingement reductions can exceed 90% for robust dominant fish species in the area.

Oscillation in Evolution of Cooperation for Addressing Climate Change

Climate protection is a problem of sustaining a public resource. All countries of the world should take action to deal with climate change. However, such an action is actually a game process where each country chooses to cooperate or defect under constrained condition. Here we study the group behavior of countries in dealing with climate change. In our study, the countries of the world are considered as players who are distributed on an assumed spatial network. A new evolution rule is proposed to model the game process among the players. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that under constrained condition, the local psychology of players possibly results in the formation of local group. Some local and global oscillations can be found where part or all of the players change their choices periodically.

Research on the protection and Inheritance of the intangible cultural heritage -Taking Hebei Province as an example

Hebei, a traditional culturally grand province, enjoys a profound and varied intangible cultural heritage. However, as the process of social urbanization accelerating, ethnic and cultural intangible cultural heritage of the original ecology has changed dramatically, thus many non-material cultural heritages are losing conditions for survival and development, facing extinction or endangered. In this context, the fate of the traditional culture of ethnic minorities in Hebei Province and the issues of ethnic heritage intangible cultural heritage are attracting more and more attention by people. Therefore, we shall get to know and understand the protection of ethnic minorities＇ Intangible Cultural Heritage in Hebei in urbanization vision. Traditional culture is the sum of the creation of a cultural history of the nation, while the traditional culture heritage handed down is the most essential part, which is the legacy of the history of each nation worth protecting material and spiritual wealth. Traditional culture can be variate, innovate, reconstmcte, but cultural heritage can only be reserved its original form instead of re- creating.In succession on the basis of traditional culture, new culture can be reconstructed ; But after cultural heritage disappear, it is unsustainable. Tangible cultural heritage is in that way, let alone intangible cultural heritage.

The Protection and Suggestion of the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage

It is of great practical significance to study and protect the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage. This is conducive to a profound understanding of the spirit of the East Asian region, especially traditional Chinese marine culture, and the maintenance of peace and order in East Asia and the world as a whole. But at present, some problems increase the difficulty for the protection of East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage, for example, improper development and utilization in the process of urbanization, imperfection of the management mechanism, multiplicity of the ownership of the estate. Propose to carry out a survey of the East Asian Maritime Cultural Routes Heritage as soon as possible, build regional integration cooperation mechanism, improve the marine cultural heritage protection technology, perfect the relevant laws and regulations.

Modification of Intensive Care Unit Data Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy C-Means Model

This paper proposes a proper methodology in data modification by using AHP （analytical hierarchy process） technique and FCM （fuzzy c-mean） model in the ICU （intensive care unit）. The binary data were created from continuous data using FCM model, while the continuous data were constructed from binary data using AHP technique. The models used in this study are FCRM （fuzzy c-regression model）. A case study in scale of health at the ICU ward using the AI-IP, FCM model and FCRM models was conducted. There are six independent variables in this study. There are four cases which are considered as the result of using AHP technique and FCM model against independent data. After comparing the four cases, it was found that case 4 appeared to be the best model, because it has the lowest MSE （mean square error） value. The original data have the MSE value of 97.33, while the data in case 4 have the MSE value of 82.75. This means that the use of AHP technique can reduce the MSE value, while the use of FCM model can not reduce the MSE value. In other words, it can be proved that the AHP technique can increase the accuracy of prediction in modeling scale of health which is associated with the mortality rate in the ICU.

Conservation of Traditional Agriculture as Living Knowledge Systems,Not Cultural Relics

Agricultural heritage has potential significance far beyond its common representation as the ＂traditional＂ system of ＂traditional peoples＂.The U.N.Food and Agricultural Organization＇s Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（GIAHS） program is an important designation that treats heritage agro-ecosystems as living systems,rather than cultural relics.In order for the GIAHS designation to achieve its full potential,however,the role of human knowledge within the continuous cultural and ecological evolution of GIAHS requires much closer examination and appreciation.This paper explores the limits of contemporary nature and cultural conservation,and draws on a coevolutionary theoretical framework in order to better conceptualize the dynamism of such complex agro-ecological systems.In such a view,GIAHS can be seen as evolving systems of sustainable agriculture of great potentail relevance to contemporary society-environment challenges,rather than as relics of the past.