“戏剧化的自我”——解读拉金诗歌中拟称的文化意识形态功能

作为传统修辞手法,拟称在诗歌中不表现身份与文化意识。不同的是,在拉金的《行军经过》等作品中,说话人具有明显的英格兰文化身份观,并力图通过人称变化、意图控制和提喻、反讽等修辞方式在读者心中产生相应的情感共鸣。说话人的这种文化意识形态功能源自拉金在《上教堂》中所表达的对民族生存结构的信仰,这种信仰最终指向一种自赏惧外的"电网意识",成为拉金诗歌的争议之源。

拟对称映射的最大伸缩商与边界伸缩商

文献[1]在研究单位圆周■△上的拟对称自同胚的最大伸缩商与极值最大伸缩商之间的关系时,证明了:如果拟对称自同胚h的最大伸缩商Kq(h)不能在某个以开单位圆盘△为域、顶点在单位圆周■△上的拓扑四边形Q处达到,则一定有Kq(h)≤H(h)成立,其中H(h)为h的边界伸缩商.这一结论在文献[1]中起着重要作用,但证明比较烦琐.该文主要给出该结论一个简单的证明,并且利用这一结论研究拟对称自同胚的最大伸缩商何时可以在某个拓扑四边形上达到.

A Hybrid Dung Beetle Optimization Algorithm with Simulated Annealing for the Numerical Modeling of Asymmetric Wave Equations

In the generalized continuum mechanics(GCM)theory framework,asymmetric wave equations encompass the characteristic scale parameters of the medium,accounting for microstructure interactions.This study integrates two theoretical branches of the GCM,the modified couple stress theory(M-CST)and the one-parameter second-strain-gradient theory,to form a novel asymmetric wave equation in a unified framework.Numerical modeling of the asymmetric wave equation in a unified framework accurately describes subsurface structures with vital implications for subsequent seismic wave inversion and imaging endeavors.However,employing finite-difference(FD)methods for numerical modeling may introduce numerical dispersion,adversely affecting the accuracy of numerical modeling.The design of an optimal FD operator is crucial for enhancing the accuracy of numerical modeling and emphasizing the scale effects.Therefore,this study devises a hybrid scheme called the dung beetle optimization(DBO)algorithm with a simulated annealing(SA)algorithm,denoted as the SA-based hybrid DBO(SDBO)algorithm.An FD operator optimization method under the SDBO algorithm was developed and applied to the numerical modeling of asymmetric wave equations in a unified framework.Integrating the DBO and SA algorithms mitigates the risk of convergence to a local extreme.The numerical dispersion outcomes underscore that the proposed SDBO algorithm yields FD operators with precision errors constrained to 0.5‱while encompassing a broader spectrum coverage.This result confirms the efficacy of the SDBO algorithm.Ultimately,the numerical modeling results demonstrate that the new FD method based on the SDBO algorithm effectively suppresses numerical dispersion and enhances the accuracy of elastic wave numerical modeling,thereby accentuating scale effects.This result is significant for extracting wavefield perturbations induced by complex microstructures in the medium and the analysis of scale effects.

天津话拟亲属面称“姐姐”的社会分层研究

本文研究的是天津话中作为面称的“姐姐”的社会分层状况及其规律。调查发现，“姐姐”的使用存在很明显的阶层、场合、年龄差异和一定的性别分层。“姐姐”的使用既受到客观因素的影响，也和这个词语自身的言语风格特色有关，同时还受到人们心理因素的制约，这几种因素共同决定了“姐姐”使用的社会分层模式。“姐姐”这个拟亲属面称词语逐渐成为乡土、悠闲、非正式场合言语行为的一个标记。

一种构造总能量守恒格式的新方法

依据现代计算方法的基本原则提出了构造总能量守恒格式的一种新方法,利用该方法,通过一类特殊函数构造了形式十分广泛的一大类隐式总能量守恒差分格式(使以往许多守恒格式均成为其特例);此外该方法也提供了一个判断差分格式是否具有总能量守恒性的具体判据,文中最后给出的算例证实了所构造格式的有效性。

广义正定矩阵及其几个性质

目前有关正定矩阵的性质理论都是以对称矩阵或Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｅ矩阵为前提的，本文就一般实方阵对正定矩阵的概念加以拓广。

CORRECTION OF ASYMMETRIC STRENGTHENING OF QUIKSCAT WIND FIELD AND ASSIMILATION APPLICATION IN TYPHOON SIMULATION

As an approach to the technological problem that the wind data of QuikSCAT scatterometer cannot accurately describe the zone of typhoon-level strong wind speed, some objective factors such as the typhoon moving speed, direction and friction are introduced in this study to construct the asymmetric strengthening of the QuikSCAT wind field. Then by adopting a technology of four-dimensional data assimilation, an experiment that includes both the assimilation and forecasting phases is designed to simulate Typhoon Rananim numerically. The results show that with model constraints and adjustment, this technology can incorporate the QuikSCAT wind data to the entire column of the model atmosphere, improve greatly the simulating effects of the whole-column wind, pressure field and the track as well as the simulated typhoon intensity covered by the forecast phase, and work positively for the forecasting of landfall locations.

Characteristics from a hydrodynamic model of a trapezoidal artificial reef

Flume experiments and numerical simulation were conducted to characterize the hydrodynamics of a trapezoid artificial reef.Measurements in particle image velocimetry were conducted to observe the formation of upwelling and vortices;and forces for the reef model were measured by load cell.The results of flume experiments agree well with the numerical data.In addition,the flow structure around a reef combining trapezoidal and cubic blocks was simulated numerically under two deployment schemes,showing a more complicated flow structure than that of a stand-alone reef.Relationship between drag coefficient and Reynolds number suggest that the degree of turbulence can be assessed from the value of drag coefficient downstream from the reef.The role of the reef in water flow is to reduce flow velocity and generate turbulence.

Solutions and Conditional Lie-Backlund Symmetries of Quasi-linear Diffusion-Reaction Equations

New classes of exact solutions of the quasi-linear diffusion-reaction equations are obtained by seeking for the high-order conditional Lie-Baeklund symmetries of the considered equations. The method used here extends the approaches of derivative-dependent functional separation of variables and the invariant subspace. Behavior to some solutions such as blow-up and quenching is also described.

Melting Behaviour of Shell-symmetric Aluminum Nanoparticles： Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Molecular dynamics simulations with embedded atom method potential were carried out for A1 nanoparticles of 561 atoms in three structures： icosahedron, decahedron, and truncated octahedron. The total potential energy and specific heat capacity were calculated to estimate the melting temperatures. The melting point is 540＋10 K for the icosahedral structure, 500±10 K for the decahedral structure, and 520±10 K for the truncated octahedral structure. With the results of mean square displacement, the bond order parameters and radius of gyration are consistent with the variation of total potential energy and specific heat capacity. The relaxation time and stretching parameters in the Kohlraush-William-Watts relaxation law were obtained by fitting the mean square displacement. The results show that the relationship between the relaxation time and the temperatures is in agreement with standard Arrhenius relation in the high temperature range.

A Symmetric Key Exchange Protocol Bsaed on Virtual S-Box

Based on the theory of polymorphic virtual S-box, the paper presents a symmetric key exchange protocol to solve the problem of session keys delete shared in the computational complexity temporary trading scenario. Both parties jointly construct a highly nonlinear SPN core algorithm. The paper the connotation of polymorphic cipher theory, making use of the method of self-compiler based expansion factor to collect random parameter sets held by each of the parties containing its own information 5-tuple private keys array Kpa[5] and Kpb[5].The more efficient polymorphism virtual S-box is constructed. The method of secret split for the public key cryptography features can be implemented by symmetry cipher system. The research results will provide a theoretical basis to solve the key exchange problems for short- term communications partner based on symmetric cryptography.

Local inhomogeneity in totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes with different hopping rates

Local inhomogeneity in totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes （TASEPs） with different hopping rates was studied. Many biological and chemical phenomena can be described by these non-equilibrium processes. A simple approximate theory and extensive Monte Carlo computer simulations were used to calculate the steady-state phase diagrams and bulk densities. It is found that the phase diagram for local inhomogeneity in TASEP with different hopping rates p is qualitatively similar to homogeneous models. Interestingly, there is a saturation point pair （a＊, fl＊） for the system, which is decided by parameters p and q. There are three stationary phases in the system, when parameter p is fixed （i.e., p=0.8）, with the increase of the parameter q, the region of LD/LD and HD/HD phase increases and the HD/LD is the only phase which the region shrinks. The analytical results are in good agreement with simulations.

Weighing Leaves based on Physical Measurements and L-system Simulation

In this paper, we revisit foundations of the applications of physical measurement and Lindenmayer system to the modeling of plants. The measurement is proposed to a formal procedure and measuring the mass of leaves on a tree, tailored to branching plant structures with Simpson＇ s rule and Monte Carlo Methods. L-system is possible to visualize mathematical models of biological structures and processes. The formalism is illustrated using theoretical branching systems, and applied to analyze total leaves number as well as total weight of them.

Symmetry Reductions of Cauchy Problems for Fourth-Order Quasi-Linear Parabolic Equations

This paper is devoted to studying symmetry reduction of Cauchy problems for the fourth-order quasi-linear parabolic equations that admit certain generalized conditional symmetries （GCSs）. Complete group classification results are presented, and some examples are given to show the main reduction procedure.

A Numerical Study of Tidal Asymmetry: Preferable Asymmetry of Nonlinear Mechanisms in Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea

In-situ measurements in Xiangshan Bay, the East China Sea, show that the duration of the rising tide is shorter than that of the falling tide around the bay mouth, while it becomes much longer in the inner bay. A finite volume coastal ocean model(FVCOM) with an unstructured mesh was applied to simulate the asymmetric tidal field of Xiangshan Bay. The model reproduced the observed tidal elevations and currents successfully. Several numerical experiments were conducted to clarify the roles of primary mechanisms underlying the asymmetric tidal field. According to the model results, the time-varying channel depth and nonlinear advection prefer shorter duration of the rising tide in Xiangshan Bay, while the time-varying bay width favors longer duration of the rising tide. The overtides generated by these two opposite types of nonlinear mechanisms are out of phase, resulting in smaller M4 amplitude than the sumfold of each individual contribution. Although the bottom friction as a nonlinear mechanism contributes little to the generation of overtide M4, it is regarded as a mechanism that could cause a shorter duration of the rising tide, for it can slow down the M2 phase speed much more than it slows down the M4 phase speed. The time-varying depth, nonlinear advection and bottom friction are dominating factors around the bay mouth, while the time-varying width dominates in the inner bay, causing the tidal elevation asymmetry to be inverted along the bay.

ENSO Signals in Tropospheric Temperature Simulated by an AGCM GAMIL

Using reanalysis data as a benchmark, the authors evaluate the performance of an Atmospheric General Circulation Model （AGCM） named GAMIL （Grid-point Atmospheric Model of LASG/IAP）. GAMIL is used to simulate the tropospheric temperature anoma- lies associated with the El Nifio-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） in boreal winters for the period 1980-99. The results show that the symmetrical components of tem- perature anomalies simulated by GAMIL closely resem- ble those in the reanalysis data in spatial patterns, espe- cially in the Northern Hemisphere. The limitation of the model is that the simulated cold anomaly over South Asia is located to the east of the reanalysis. The observed tem- perature anomalies in the South Pacific and the high lati- tudes of the Southern Hemisphere are not evident in the simulation. The maximum value is 0.8 K smaller and the minimum value is -0.4 K smaller than the reanalysis. The difference between the simulation and the reanalysis is more evident in the regional features of the asymmetrical components of the temperature anomalies. Our results demonstrate that the previously discovered weak response of the GAMIL model to specified sea surface temperature forcing is dominated by the symmetric （asymmetric） component in the tropics （extra-tropics）.

Two-Dimensional Spatial Solitons in Nematic Liquid Crystals

We study the propagation of spatial solitons in nematic liquid crystals, using the self-similar method. Analytical solutions in the form of self-similar solitons are obtained exactly. We confirm the stability of these solutions by direct numerical simulation, and find that the stable spatial solitons can exist in various forms, such as Oaussian solitons, radially symmetric solitons, multipole solitons, and soliton vortices.

GARCH-Type modeling of stock market returns for the pre-crisis countries

Empirical studies have shown that a large number of financial asset returns exhibit fat tails （leptokurtosis） and are often characterized by volatility clustering and asymmetry. This paper considers the ability of the GARCH-Type （Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity） models to capture the stylized features of volatility in national stock market returns for three countries （Portugal, Spain and Greece）. The results of this paper suggest that in the presence of asymmetric responses to innovations in the market, the ARMA （1,1）-GJRGARCH（1,1） skewed Student-t model which accommodates both the skewness and the kurtosis of financial time series is preferred.

双重身份:两个拉金之争的理论探索

拉金的自传和私人信件显示他是个充满种族主义偏见、歧视女性的人,这同他在诗歌和公众前表现出来的形象有明显差别。英国评论界有一种声音认为,作为诗人的拉金应该和生活中的拉金区别开来,不能因为他的个人生活而否定他作为诗人的身份。本文分析了这种说法的理论依据,指出长期以来西方文学理论致力于制造区别作家和作品主体的二元身份以撇清西方作家及作品中表现出来的各种"原罪"。

Interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer and a standalone wind turbine in Gansu—Part I： Field measurement

Experiments and numerical simulations of the wake field behind a horizontal-axis wind turbine are carried out to investigate the interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer and a stand-alone wind turbine. The tested wind turbine（33 k W） has a rotor diameter of 14.8 m and hub height of 15.4 m. An anti-icing digital Sonic wind meter, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor are installed in the upstream wind measurement mast. Wake velocity is measured by three US CSAT3 ultrasonic anemometers. To reflect the characteristics of the whole flow field, numerical simulations are performed through large eddy simulation（LES） and with the actuator line model. The experimental results show that the axial velocity deficit rate ranges from 32.18% to 63.22% at the three measuring points. Meanwhile, the time-frequency characteristics of the axial velocities at the left and right measuring points are different. Moreover, the average axial and lateral velocity deficit of the right measuring point is greater than that of the left measuring point. The turbulent kinetic energy（TKE） at the middle and right measuring points exhibit a periodic variation, and the vortex sheet-pass frequency is mostly similar to the rotational frequency of the rotor. However, this feature is not obvious for the left measuring point. Meanwhile, the power spectra of the vertical velocity fluctuation show the slope of-1, and those of lateral and axial velocity fluctuations show slopes of-1 and-5/3, respectively.However, the inertial subranges of axial velocity fluctuation at the left, middle, and right measuring points occur at 4, 7, and7 Hz, respectively. The above conclusion fully illustrates the asymmetry of the left and right measuring points. The experimental data and numerical simulation results collectively indicate that the wake is deflected to the right under the influence of lateral force. Therefore, wake asymmetry can be mainly attributed to the lateral force exerted by the wind turbine on the fluid.