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从择偶坡度分析城市女性的婚姻挤压——以深圳市为例 被引量:16
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作者 易松国 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2008年第3期77-81,共5页
作者通过对深圳市结婚登记资料及调查问卷的统计分析,发现存在明显的择偶坡度:在年龄上是男大女小,即男性倾向于找一个比自己小的女性为妻,女性相反;在学历上是男高女低,即女性倾向于找一个学历比自己高或与自己相当的男性,男性则相反... 作者通过对深圳市结婚登记资料及调查问卷的统计分析,发现存在明显的择偶坡度:在年龄上是男大女小,即男性倾向于找一个比自己小的女性为妻,女性相反;在学历上是男高女低,即女性倾向于找一个学历比自己高或与自己相当的男性,男性则相反。这种情况的结果是:大龄职业女性在择偶市场上的竞争处于越来越不利的地位。因此建议现代职业女性通过调整择偶坡度来增加自己的择偶范围,以缓解现代社会大龄女性择偶难的问题。 展开更多
关键词 择偶 择偶坡度 婚姻挤压
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Effects of a sex ratio gradient on female mate-copying and choosiness in Drosophila melanogaster 被引量:1
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作者 Magdalena MONIER Sabine NOBEL +1 位作者 Guillaume ISABEL Etienne DANCHIN 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第2期251-258,共8页
In many sexually reproducing species, individuals can gather information about potential mates by observing their mating success. This behavioral pattern, that we call mate-copying, was reported in the fruit fly Droso... In many sexually reproducing species, individuals can gather information about potential mates by observing their mating success. This behavioral pattern, that we call mate-copying, was reported in the fruit fly Drosophila rnelanogaster where females choosing between 2 males of contrasting phenotypes can build a preference for males of the phenotype they previously saw being chosen by a demonstrator female. As sex ratio is known to affect mate choice, our goal was to test whether mate-copying is also affected by encountered sex ratios. Thus, we created a gradient of sex ratio during demonstrations of mate-copying experiments by changing the number of females observ- ing from a central arena 6 simultaneous demonstrations unfolding in 6 peripheral compartments of a hexagonal device. We also tested whether the sex ratio experienced by females during demon- strations affected their choosiness (male courtship duration and double courtship rate) in subse- quent mate-choice tests. Experimental male:female sex ratio during demonstrations did not affect mate-copying indices, but positively affected the proportion of both males courting the female during mate-choice tests, as well as male courtship duration, the latter potentially explaining the for- mer relationship. As expected, the sex ratio affected female choosiness positively, and Drosophila females seem to have evolved a mate-copying ability independently of sex ratio, and a capacity to adapt their choosiness to male availability. This suggests that, as in many animal species, individuals, especially females, can adapt their mate choice depending on the current sex ratio. 展开更多
关键词 COMPETITION Drosophila melanogaster experimental protocol mate-copying social learning sex ratio.
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