基于产时持续胎心监护的预见性护理干预对胎儿宫内窘迫的预防作用

目的检验对胎儿宫内窘迫产妇采用基于产时持续胎心监护的预见性护理干预的效果。方法从福建省莆田市仙游县总医院2018年1月至2021年12月诊疗的阴道试产产妇中抽取317例作为研究对象。其中以2018年1月至2019年12月诊疗的159名产妇为对照组,进行常规护理;以2020年1月至2021年12月诊疗的158名产妇为观察组,进行常规护理加基于产时持续胎心监护的预见性护理。对比两组新生儿结局及产后并发症发生率。结果观察组新生儿窒息发生率、胎儿窘迫发生率、产后并发症总发生率均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论在阴道试产产妇中用基于产时持续胎心监护的预见性护理干预,可改善新生儿结局,降低产妇产后并发症发生风险。

带有利率和贷款的风险模型的负盈余总持续时（英文）

研究了带有利率和贷款的风险模型,其中利率是指当保险公司的盈余为正时,公司可以以恒定利率获得一定的利息;而贷款意为当保险公司的盈余为负时,公司可以以恒定的利率向银行借款.通过带有利率与贷款的风险模型的强马尔可夫性,可以得到负盈余总持续时的拉普拉斯变换.更进一步,在索赔服从指数分布的情况下,得到负盈余总持续时的拉普拉斯变换的显性表达式.

短时多次与持续长时运动对大学生身体自尊影响的实验研究

短时多次运动形式的研究在国外主要针对身体健康,而对心理健康的研究较少,在国内更是匮乏。通过对82名大学生12周的实验研究,结果显示,短时多次与持续长时运动均能有效的提高大学生身体自尊水平,但在不同维度上存有性别差异。短时多次运动方式也是一种促进心理健康的,且简单易行的运动形式。

短时多次与持续长时运动对大学生体质健康影响的实验研究

关于短时多次运动形式的研究在国内极少。本研究结果显示,短时多次与持续长时运动均能有效的促进大学生体质健康,两种运动形式差异不显著;对于力量素质指标的增长,短时多次运动形式优于持续长时运动形式。短时多次运动形式是一种简单易行,且利于健康的身体锻炼形式。

Effects of Group Size on Vigilance Behavior of Wintering Common Cranes Grus grus

From January to March 2005, the effects of group size on the vigilance behavior of wintering Common Cranes Grus grus were studied at Lashihai Lake, Yunnan Province, China. We used scan sampling to record the group sizes and the number of vigilant individuals in each group, and focal sampling to record the frequency and duration of individual vigilance behavior. Both the vigilance efforts of groups and individuals significantly decreased as group size increased, but when the group size exceeded 30 individuals, the decrease of group vigilance became not significant （P 〉 0. 05）, and the vigilance duration of adult cranes increased （P 〈 0.01 ）. The vigilance frequency of adults increased （P 〈 0.05） when the size exceeded 50 individuals. Presumably, the maximal group size allowing the lowest vigilance for juvenile cranes was larger than that for adults, and the flocks composed of 20 to 30 individuals represented the optimal group size of wintering Common Cranes by considering only the vigilance behavior. Further research should focus on the synthesized effects of various factors.

Analysis of Season Change in Jiyang from Meteorological Standpoint

[Objective] The aim was to analyze changing characters of four seasons in Jiyang, providing references for farming and disaster prevention in the area. [Methed] Changing characters of initial time and lasting periods of four seasons in Jiyang for 30 years were analyzed from meteorological standpoint with weather information from 1981 to 2010 observed in surface meteorological observation in Jiyang. [Result] Recent 30 years, initial time of spring and winter in Jiyang were earlier than before, especially for spring. In contrast, initial time of summer and autumn were later, especially for autumn. In addition, periods of spring and winter declined and the latter changed more significantly. Meanwhile, periods of summer and autumn extended and rate of linear trend for summer period was 0.042 hou/year. [Conclusion] The research indicated that lasting days of summer extended significantly and of spring and winter shortened under the background of global warming.

国务院批转煤电油运和抢险抗灾应急指挥中心关于抢险抗灾工作及灾后重建安排报告的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府,国务院各部委、各直属机构:国务院同意煤电油运和抢险抗灾应急指挥中心《关于抢险抗灾工作及灾后重建安排的报告》,现转发给你们,请认真贯彻执行。2008年1月中旬以来,我国经历了一场历史罕见的低温雨雪冰冻灾害,持续时间长,影响范围广,危害程度深。在党中央、国务院的领导下,各地区、各部门和广大干部职工、人民解放军、武警官兵及公安民警,按照"保交通、保供电、保民生"的工作要求,奋起抗灾,顽强拼搏。

Dynamic Changes of Nitrate Reductase Activity within 24 Hours

[Objective] The research aimed to study the circadian rhythm of nitrate re- ductase activity （NRA） in plant. [Method] The wheat plants at heading stage were used as the materials for the measurement of dynamic changes of nitrate reductase activity （NRA） within 24 h under the conditions of constant high temperature. [Resulti The fluctuation of NRA in wheat changed greatly from 20：00 pm to 11：00 am. The enzyme activity remained constant, but at 14：00 the enzyme activity was the high- est, higher than all the other time points except the enzyme activity measured at11：00. The enzyme activity was the lowest of 17：00, which was lower than all the other time points except the enzyme activity measured at 2：00. [Conclusion] There were autonomous rhythm changes of NRA in wheat in a certain degree.

品牌为党建增强活力

明明有些活动形式和内容都很好,效果也很明显,但为什么不能持久,有的甚至是昙花一现?究其原因,主要是没有形成品牌,自然也就没有了生命力,是很难给人留下深刻印象的。品牌,对一个企业来说,它是企业素质、信誉、实力和形象的代表,是产品竞争力和生命力的体现。党建品牌的作用,就在于使从属一个先进党组织的党员,在品牌的内敛作用下,工作热情和精神力量不断得到激发,从而保持党建工作持久的生命力和活力。我是一名基层党委书记,是有着23年党务工作经历的“老党务”,先后参与、

对症状复发或残留卵巢癌进行有效的姑息性放疗

Objective.:To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) for symptomatic recurrent or residual ovarian cancer. Methods.:A review was conducted on patients (pts) treated with palliative RT for symptomatic ovarian cancer at The Ottawa Hospital Regional Cancer Centre between 1990 and 2003. Patient demographics,tumor factors,treatment variables,and clinical outcome were entered into a database. Symptom response was defined as complete (CR),partial (PR),or none. Results.:62 courses of RT were delivered to 53 pts. The symptoms treated were:bleeding (40%),pain (37%),and ‘others’(23%). The most common dose fractionation scheme was 30 Gy in 10 fractions (f) (range:5 Gy/1 f to 52.5 Gy/20 f). The overall response rate was 100%,with 68%achieving a CR. The CR rates were 88,65,and 36%for the symp- toms of bleeding,pain,and ‘others’,respectively (P = 0.003). The median duration of response was 4.8 months (range:1-71 months). In multivariate analysis,the only factors that were found to be significant positive predictors of symptom control were:the symptom bleeding (P = 0.015) and stage III/IV disease at presentation (P = 0.01). The most commonly reported toxicities were grades 1 and 2 nausea/vomiting and diarrhea. There were no grade 3/4 toxicities reported. Conclusions.:Radiotherapy is highly effective in palliating symptomatic ovarian cancer. Excellent results are achieved for patients presenting with bleeding or pain. Symptomatic patients should be strongly considered for palliative radiotherapy. Higher doses of radiotherapy should be considered for those with symptoms other than bleeding or pain and those with longer life expectancies.

屏气发作患儿的自主神经系统功能及铁缺乏的影响作用

Aim: To analyse the activity of the autonomic nervous system during breath-holding spells, we assessed the ECG changes, including ventricular repolarization parameters before and during the spell. We also analysed the effects of iron deficiency on these ECG parameters. Methods: The study group consisted of 37 children with breath-holding spells (30 cyanotic, 7 pallid)-(mean age ± SD: 12.9 ± 10.8 mo). Twenty-six healthy children (mean age ± SD: 14.4 ± 8.6 mo) served as a control group. All patients and controls had standard 12-lead simultaneous surface ECG. All patients had ECG recordings during at least one severe breath-holding spell obtained by “ event recorder” . Traces obtained by “ event recorder” were analysed in terms of mean heart rate and the frequency and duration of asystole during the spell. Results: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia on standard ECGs and asystole frequency during spells were higher in patients with pallid breath-holding spells. Patients with iron deficiency had a lower frequency of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and prolonged asystole time during the spell. There was no difference in terms of ventricular repolarization parameters (QT/QTc intervals and QT/QTc dispersions) between patients and controls and between patient subgroups (cyan-otic versus pallid). Conclusion: These results confirmed the presence of autonomic dysregulation in childrenwith breath-holding spells. Iron deficiency may have an impact on this autonomic dysregulation. Ventricular repolarization was unaffected in patients with breath-holding spells.

欧债国家的社保危机对中国的警示

一、欧债国家社会养老保险体系可持续性危机的特征分析根据各国政府债务的严重程度及持续时间,欧洲国家可分为几种类型,第一类是债务比重长期偏高的国家,如希腊、意大利、葡萄牙等国;第二类是在国际金融危机期间政府债务比重突然迅速上升到较高水平的国家,如冰岛和英国等;第三类国家则是长期以来债务比重较低的国家,这类国家发生债务危机的风险较低。本文主要研究分析那些政府债务比重长期较高。

Changes in temperature extremes over China under 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ global warming targets

The long-term goal of the 2015 Paris Agreement is to limit global warming to well below 2 ℃above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 ℃. However, for climate mitigation and adaption efforts, further studies are still needed to understand the regional consequences between the two global warming limits. Here we provide an assessment of changes in temperature extremes over China （relative to 1986-2005） at 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ warming levels （relative to 1861-1900） by using the 5th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project （CMIP5） models under three RCP scenarios （RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5）. Results show that the increases in mean temperature and temperature extremes over China are greater than that in global mean temperature. With respect to 1986-2005, the temperature of hottest day （TXx） and coldest night （TNn） are projected to increase about 1/1.6 ℃ and 1.1/1.8 ℃, whereas warm days （TX90p） and warm spell duration （WSDI） will increase about 7.5/13.8% and 15/30 d for the 1.5/2 ℃ global warming target, respectively. Under an additional 0.5 ℃ global warming, the projected increases of temperature in warmest day/night and coldest day/night are both more than 0.5 ℃ across almost the whole China. In Northwest China, Northeast China and the Tibetan Plateau, the projected changes are particularly sensitive to the additional 0.5 ℃ global warming, for example, multi-model mean increase in coldest day （TXn） and coldest night （TNn） will be about 2 times higher than a change of 0.5 ℃ global warming. Although the area-averaged changes in temperature extremes are very similar for different scenarios, spatial hotspot still exists, such as in Northwest China and North China, the increases in temperatures are apparently larger in RCP8.5 than that in RCP4.5.

Effect of welding temperature and duration on properties of 7075 Al to AZ31B Mg diffusion bonded joint

7075 Al alloy and AZ31B Mg alloy were joined by diffusion welding technique at pressure 29 MPa with various welding temperatures and durations. Scanning electron microscopy examination, shear tests and microhardness evaluation were conducted on the samples interface to find out the effect of welding temperatures and durations on the weldability. The results demonstrate that the AZ31B Mg/7075 Al composite plates are bonded well and the intermetallic phases such as Al_（12）Mg_（17） and Al_（3）Mg_（2） within the joint zone form. It is found that due to the grain coarsening and the formation of brittle compounds, high welding temperatures and long welding durations result in a decrease of shear strength and increase of interfacial welding hardness. The minimum shear strength of 15 MPa along with the maximum microhardness of HV 176 are obtained for the diffusion couple processed at 450 °C for 120 min. It is revealed that enhancing the temperature and choosing appropriate holding time makes a remarkable increase of interfacial welding thickness. Increasing the welding temperature from 430 to 450 °C along with long welding duration（120 min） results in the increase of interfacial welding thickness by 26% where this value is 6% at the welding performed for 60 min.

How good is cola for dissolution of gastric phytobezoars?

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of cola treatment for gastric phytobezoars,including diospyrobezoars.METHODS:A total of 17 patients(range:48 to 78 years) with symptomatic gastric phytobezoars treated with cola and adjuvant endoscopic therapy were reviewed.Three liters of cola lavage(10 cases) or drink(7 cases) were initially used,and then endoscopic fragmentation was done for the remnant bezoars by using a lithotripsy basket or a polypectomy snare.The overall success of dissolving a gastric phytobezoars with using three liters of cola and the clinical and endoscopic findings were compared retrospectively between four cases of complete dissolution by using only cola and 13 cases of partial dissolution with cola.RESULTS:After 3 L of cola lavage or drinking,a complete dissolution of bezoars was achieved in four patients(23.5%),while 13 cases(76.5%) were only partially dissolved.Phytobezoars(4 of 6 cases) were observed more frequently than diospyrobezoars(0 of 11) in the group that underwent complete dissolution(P = 0.006).Gender,symptom duration,size of bezoar and method of cola administration were not significantly different between the two groups.Twelve of 13 patients with residual bezoars were completely treated with a combination of cola and endoscopic fragmentation.CONCLUSION:The rate of complete dissolution with three liters of cola was 23.5%,but no case of diospyrobezoar was completely dissolved using this method.However,pretreatment with cola may be helpful and facilitate endoscopic fragmentation of gastric phytobezoars.

Infected pancreatic necrosis: Not necessarily a late event in acute pancreatitis

It is widely believed that infection of pancreatic necrosis is a late event in the natural course of acute pancreatitis. This paper discusses the available data on the timing of pancreatic infection. It appears that infected pancreatic necrosis occurs early in almost a quarter of patients. This has practical implications for the type, timing and duration of preventive strategies used in these patients. There are also implications for the classification of severity in patients with acute pancreatitis. Given that the main determinants of severity are both local and systemic complications and that they can occur both early and late in the course of acute pancreatitis, the classification of severity should be based on their presence or absence rather than on when they occur. To do otherwise, and in particular overlook early infected pancreatic necrosis, may lead to a misclassification error and fallacies of clinical studies in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Microsurgical efficacy in 326 children with tethered cord syndrome: a retrospective analysis

Tethered cord syndrome is a progressive disease with a typically insidious onset in infants and children, and which can lead to persistent progress of neurological deficits and a high rate of disability without timely intervention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the curative effect of microsurgery in children with different types of tethered cord syndrome. In this study, we analyzed 326 patients with tethered cord syndrome, aged from 2 months to 14 years old, who were followed for 3-36 months after microscopic surgery. Based on clinical manifestations and imaging findings, these patients were classified into five types： tight ilium terminale （53 cases）, lipomyelome- ningocele （55 cases）, lipomatous malformation （124 cases）, postoperative adhesions （56 cases）, and split cord malformation （38 cases）. All patients underwent microsurgery. Curative effects were measured before and 3 months after surgery by Spina Bifida Neurological Scale based on sensory and motor functions, reflexes, and bladder and bowel function. The results showed that Spina Bifida Neurological Scale scores improved in all five types after surgery. Overall effective rates in these patients were 75%. Effective rates were 91% in tight ilium terminale, 84% in lipomyelomeningocele, 65% in lipomatous malformation, 75% in postoperative adhesion, and 79% in split cord mal- formation. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that types of tethered cord syndrome （lipoma-type or not） and symptom duration before surgery were independent influencing factors of surgical outcome. These results show that therapeutic effect is markedly different in patients with different types of tethered cord syndrome. Suitable clinical classification for tethered cord syndrome will be helpful in predicting prognosis and guiding treatment. This trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry （registration number： ChiCTR1800016464）.

Human thrombin for the treatment of gastric and ectopic varices

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of human thrombin in the treatment of bleeding gastric and ectopic varices.METHODS:Retrospective observational study in a Tertiary Referral Centre.Between January 1999-October 2005,we identified 37 patients who were endoscopically treated with human thrombin injection therapy for bleeding gastric and ectopic varices.Patient details including age,gender and aetiology of liver disease/segmental portal hypertension were documented.The thrombin was obtained from the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and prepared to give a solution of 250 IU/mL which was injected via a standard injection needle.All patient case notes were reviewed and the total dose of thrombin given along with the number of endoscopy sessions was recorded.Initial haemostasis rates,rebleeding rates and mortality were catalogued along with the incidence of any immediate complications which could be attributable to the thrombin therapy.The duration of follow up was also listed.The study was conducted according to the United Kingdom research ethics guidelines.RESULTS:Thirty-seven patients were included.33 patients(89%) had thrombin(250 U/mL) for gastric varices,2(5.4%) for duodenal varices,1 for rectal varices and 1 for gastric and rectal varices.(1) Gastric varices,an average of 15.2 mL of thrombin was used per patient.Re-bleeding occurred in 4 patients(10.8%),managed in 2 by a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPSS)(one unsuccessfully who died) and in other 2 by a distal splenorenal shunt;(2) Duodenal varices(or type 2 isolated gastric varices),an average of 12.5 mL was used per patient over 2-3 endoscopy sessions.Re-bleeding occurred in one patient,which was treated by TIPSS;and(3) Rectal varices,an average of 18.3 mL was used per patient over 3 endoscopy sessions.No re-bleeding occurred in this group.CONCLUSION:Human thrombin is a safe,easy to use and effective therapeutic option to control haemorrhage from gastric and ectopic varices.

Debris Flow Warning Threshold Based on Antecedent Rainfall:a Case Study in Jiangjia Ravine,Yunnan,China

Debris flows in Jiangjia Ravine in Yunnan province, China are not only triggered by intense storms but also by short-duration and low-intensity rainfalls. This reflects the significance of antecedent rainfall. This paper tries to find the debris flow- triggering threshold by considering antecedent rainfall through a case study in Jiangjia Ravine. From 23 debris flow events, the I-D （Intensity-Duration） threshold was found, which is very dose to the line of 95th percentile regression line of rainfall events, representing that 95% of rainfalls can potentially induce debris flows and reflects the limitation of I-D threshold application in this area. Taking into account the effect of antecedent rainfall, the debris flowtriggering threshold for rainfall quantity and intensity is statistically and empirically derived. The relationships can be used in debris flow warning system as key thresholds. Coupling with the rainfall characteristics in this area, new thresholds are proposed as triggering and warning thresholds.

Gastroesophageal reflux in cirrhotic patients without esophageal varices

AIM: To evaluate the esophageal motility and abnormal acid and bile reflux incidence in cirrhotic patients without esophageal varices (EV). METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with liver cirrhosis without EV confirmed by upper gastroesophageal endoscopy and 30 healthy control volunteers were prospectively enrolled in this study. All the patients were evaluated using a modified protocol including Child-Pugh score, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, esophageal manometry, simultaneous ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH and bilirubin monitoring. All the patients and volunteers accepted the manometric study. RESULTS: In the liver cirrhosis group, lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP, 15.32 ± 2.91 mmHg), peristaltic amplitude (PA, 61.41 ± 10.52 mmHg), peristaltic duration (PD, 5.32 ± 1.22 s), and peristaltic velocity (PV, 5.22 ± 1.11 cm/s) were all significantly abnormal in comparison with those in the control group (P < 0.05), and LESP was negatively correlated with Child-Pugh score. The incidence of reflux esophagitis (RE) and pathologic reflux was 37.18% and 55.13%, respectively(vs control, P < 0.05). And the incidence of isolated abnormal acid reflux, bile reflux and mixed reflux was 12.82%, 14.10% and 28.21% in patients with liver cirrhosis without EV. CONCLUSION: Cirrhotic patients without EV presented esophageal motor disorders and mixed acid and bile reflux was the main pattern; the cirrhosis itself was an important causative factor.