The dynamic behavior of rotors is highly influenced by bearing characteristics. In previous works, the authors have shown that it may be beneficial to adapt the bearing behavior to the shaft behavior. Several adaptive...The dynamic behavior of rotors is highly influenced by bearing characteristics. In previous works, the authors have shown that it may be beneficial to adapt the bearing behavior to the shaft behavior. Several adaptive and active components will be developed in this paper in order to control the shaft dynamical amplitude. Different models of hydrodynamic bearings behavior are described. The Reynolds equation resolution may be done by numerical or analytical solutions. A physical analysis of the equation of thin films will identify the most sensitive parameters. The shaft flexibility is taking into account by a modal approach. The fluid-structure coupling process is a simulation, step by step, of the rotor behavior. At each step, the nonlinear fluid force is numerically calculated to obtain the unbalanced shaft response. The results, presented in this paper, concern the dynamic response of unbalanced shaft mounted in adaptive or active bearings： bearings with variable clearance, variable viscosity or variable housing speed. It is shown that the fluid bearing parameters must be adapted to the rotor speed （in particular near or far a critical speed）. Then, the paper presents a new kind of active bearing. It works with a mechanical control of the housing position. Several parameters are tested and compared. The robustness of the dynamic control parameters is presented. In conclusion, the bearing adaptation could be very useful to control the shaft dynamic. This limits the effect of the critical speed, in particular by diminishing the shaft amplitude and the dynamic forces transmitted to the housing.展开更多
Two new polymeric erbium(Ⅲ) complexes of two flexible double betaine ligands have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray analysis. In {[Er(L1)(H2O)4)Cl3 H2O}n (1) (L1 = 4, 4’ -trimethylenedipyridinio-N, N’-dia...Two new polymeric erbium(Ⅲ) complexes of two flexible double betaine ligands have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray analysis. In {[Er(L1)(H2O)4)Cl3 H2O}n (1) (L1 = 4, 4’ -trimethylenedipyridinio-N, N’-diacetate ), the erbium(Ⅲ) ions form a two-dimensional metal carboxylate layer in which each pair of Er(Ⅲ) atoms is bridged by two syn-anti μ-carboxylato-o,o’ groups, Adjacent layers arecross-linked through hydrogen bonds among aqua ligands, lattice water molecules andchloride ions to form a three-dimensional network. Complex l, C17 H28 N2 O9 ErC13 (Mr =676.0) is monoclinic, space group C2, with a= 27. 408(4), b= 9. 645 (3), c= 9. 423(2) A, p=1loo. 85(1)’, V=2446. 2(9) A’, Z=4, D=l. 836 g/cm’, F(OOO) =1332, μ(MoKa) = 38.06 cm-1, R=0. 048 for 2451 reflections with I>2σ(I). { [Er(L2 ) (H2O)4]Cl3. 5H2O}. (2) (L2=1, 3-bis (pyridinio-4-carboxylato) propane) comprises lanthanide carboxylate chains built from centrosymmetric dimeric units crosslinked by a pair of L2 ligands, discrete anions and lattice water molecules. In the dimeric unit of complex 2, each pair of metal ions is bridged by four syn-syn μ-carboxylatoO, O’ groups that are oriented nearly perpendicular to each other about the metal-metalaxis. The metal carboxylate chains of complex 2 are further cross-linked by hydrogenbonds to form a three-dimensional network. Complex 2, C15 H32 N2O13 ErCl3 (Mr=722.0) belongs to the monoclinic space group C2/m with a=16. 564 (3), b=15. 839(3), c=11. 792(4) , β=122. 27(1)°, V=2616(1), Z=4, Dc=1.833 g/cm3,F(000) =1436, μ (MoKa) = 35. 75 cm-1, R =0.043 for 2436 observed reflectionswithI>2σ(I).展开更多
文摘The dynamic behavior of rotors is highly influenced by bearing characteristics. In previous works, the authors have shown that it may be beneficial to adapt the bearing behavior to the shaft behavior. Several adaptive and active components will be developed in this paper in order to control the shaft dynamical amplitude. Different models of hydrodynamic bearings behavior are described. The Reynolds equation resolution may be done by numerical or analytical solutions. A physical analysis of the equation of thin films will identify the most sensitive parameters. The shaft flexibility is taking into account by a modal approach. The fluid-structure coupling process is a simulation, step by step, of the rotor behavior. At each step, the nonlinear fluid force is numerically calculated to obtain the unbalanced shaft response. The results, presented in this paper, concern the dynamic response of unbalanced shaft mounted in adaptive or active bearings： bearings with variable clearance, variable viscosity or variable housing speed. It is shown that the fluid bearing parameters must be adapted to the rotor speed （in particular near or far a critical speed）. Then, the paper presents a new kind of active bearing. It works with a mechanical control of the housing position. Several parameters are tested and compared. The robustness of the dynamic control parameters is presented. In conclusion, the bearing adaptation could be very useful to control the shaft dynamic. This limits the effect of the critical speed, in particular by diminishing the shaft amplitude and the dynamic forces transmitted to the housing.
文摘Two new polymeric erbium(Ⅲ) complexes of two flexible double betaine ligands have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray analysis. In {[Er(L1)(H2O)4)Cl3 H2O}n (1) (L1 = 4, 4’ -trimethylenedipyridinio-N, N’-diacetate ), the erbium(Ⅲ) ions form a two-dimensional metal carboxylate layer in which each pair of Er(Ⅲ) atoms is bridged by two syn-anti μ-carboxylato-o,o’ groups, Adjacent layers arecross-linked through hydrogen bonds among aqua ligands, lattice water molecules andchloride ions to form a three-dimensional network. Complex l, C17 H28 N2 O9 ErC13 (Mr =676.0) is monoclinic, space group C2, with a= 27. 408(4), b= 9. 645 (3), c= 9. 423(2) A, p=1loo. 85(1)’, V=2446. 2(9) A’, Z=4, D=l. 836 g/cm’, F(OOO) =1332, μ(MoKa) = 38.06 cm-1, R=0. 048 for 2451 reflections with I>2σ(I). { [Er(L2 ) (H2O)4]Cl3. 5H2O}. (2) (L2=1, 3-bis (pyridinio-4-carboxylato) propane) comprises lanthanide carboxylate chains built from centrosymmetric dimeric units crosslinked by a pair of L2 ligands, discrete anions and lattice water molecules. In the dimeric unit of complex 2, each pair of metal ions is bridged by four syn-syn μ-carboxylatoO, O’ groups that are oriented nearly perpendicular to each other about the metal-metalaxis. The metal carboxylate chains of complex 2 are further cross-linked by hydrogenbonds to form a three-dimensional network. Complex 2, C15 H32 N2O13 ErCl3 (Mr=722.0) belongs to the monoclinic space group C2/m with a=16. 564 (3), b=15. 839(3), c=11. 792(4) , β=122. 27(1)°, V=2616(1), Z=4, Dc=1.833 g/cm3,F(000) =1436, μ (MoKa) = 35. 75 cm-1, R =0.043 for 2436 observed reflectionswithI>2σ(I).
