既有临空面对采空区上覆岩体爆破振速场的影响研究

采空区边界条件影响其上覆岩体爆破地震效应。基于弹性波动理论,借助动力有限元算法,研究了采空区临空面、地表自由面及两种边界耦合作用下爆破地震波的传播机制与上覆岩体振速场的空间分布规律,以此为理论依据提出了上覆岩体分区准则。结果表明:采空区临空面改变爆破地震波传播路径,拐点对爆破地震效应具有显著衰减作用,可根据波传播途径拐点数对围岩分区;爆破地震波传播至地表自由面反射,对采空区上覆岩体爆破地震效应具有放大作用。提出将爆破振动作用下采空区上覆岩体的影响范围划分为两区:I区-波直传爆破振动放大区,Ⅱ区-波传播单拐点爆破振动弱衰减区,耦合作用下采空区临空面衰减作用大于地表自由面放大作用。上覆岩体爆破影响分区准则对地下工程爆破设计施工有一定指导意义。

Ground-borne vibration generated by high-speed train viaduct systems in soft-upper/hard-lower rock strata

An experimental study and theoretical analysis were carried out to explore the ground-borne vibration generated by elevated high-speed railway in rock strata.Taking a typical rail line constructed on rock area in China as the research object,a set of field tests was performed on Rizhao-Lankao High-Speed Railway,the bridge and ground vibrations were measured as trains passed at 330−340 km/h,then the transferring law and spatial distribution under individual frequencies were investigated.The experiment results indicate that the bridge frequency spectrum exhibited relatively high-frequency vibration peaks caused by short-wavelength irregularity;ground vibration farther than 30 m away can be amplified with a higher frequency and numerous components.Furthermore,the wave propagation equation of a stratified rock strata was established based on direct-stiffness method to explore the vibration attenuation rules via frequency-domain analysis.It is found that the rock area has a weaker correlation between vibration transmissibility and frequency,thicker and harder rock strata loss their vibration attenuation capacity.It can be concluded that the high-speed railways induced vibration on rock strata shows a wide frequency band and large amplitude,the design of reducing vibration aimed at specific frequency is important according to next more detailed numerical study.

Generation of SU(2)Coherent States for a Cavity Mode and a Collective Atomic Mode

We propose a scheme for generation of SU（2） coherent states for an atomic ensemble and a cavity mode. In the scheme a collection of two-level atoms resonantly interact with a single-mode quantized field. Under certain conditions, the system can evolve from a Fock state to a highly entangled SU（2） coherent state. The operation speed increases as the number of atoms increases, which is important in view of deeoherence.

Effect of Plate Position and Size for Self-Induced Flow Oscillation of Underexpanded Supersonic Jet Impinging on Perpendicular Plate

When the underexpanded supersonic jet impinges on the obstacle, it is well known that the self-induced flow oscillation occurs at the specific condition of the pressure ratio in the flowfield, the position of an obstacle and so on. This oscillation is related with the noise problems of aeronautical and other industrial engineering so that the characteristic and the mechanism of self-induced flow oscillation have to be cleared to control the various noise problems. But, it seems that the characteristics of the oscillated flowfield and the mechanism of oscillation have to be more clear to control the oscillation. This paper aims to clarify the effect of the plate position and the width for the self-induced flow oscillation of an underexpanded supersonic jet impinging on the perpendicular plate by the experiment and the numerical analysis. From the results, it is clear that the occurring domain of the self-induced flow oscillation and its dimension strongly depend on the plate position and the width.

Unsteady Flow Field under Surge and Rotating Stall in a Three-stage Axial Flow Compressor

The unsteady flow structure between rotor blade-to-blade passages in a three-stage axial flow compressor is experimentally investigated by detailed measurements of unsteady performance characteristics,casing wall pressure fluctuations and their wavelet analyses.The main feature of the test compressor is a capacity tank facility connected in series to the compressor outlet in order to supply compression and/or expansion waves from downstream of the compressor.Research attention is focused on the post-stall characteristics of the surge and rotating stall which occur simultaneously.The influence of the compressor operating point on the unsteady performance curve shows that the surge cycle changes irregularly depending on the steady-state resistance characteristics,and the results of the wavelet analyses of the wall pressure fluctuations suggest that the surge cycle may selectively be determined by the rotating stall cell structure within the rotor cascade.

Characteristic and Mechanism of Pressure Fluctuation Caused by Self-Induced Oscillation of Supersonic Impinging Jet

When the underexpanded supersonic jet impinges on the obstacle, it is well known that the self-induced flow os- cillation occurs. This oscillation depends on the pressure ratio in the flowfield, the position of an obstacle and is related with the noise problems of aeronautical and other industrial engineering. The characteristic and the mechanism of self-induced flow oscillation, have to be clarified to control various noise problems. But, it seems that the characteristics of the oscillated flowfield and the mechanism of an oscillation have to be more cleared to control the oscillation. This paper aims to clarify the effect of the pressure ratio and the obstacle position and the mechanism of self-induced flow oscillation by numerical analysis and experiment, when the underexpanded su- personic jet impinges on the cylindrical body. From the result of this study, it is clear that occurrence of the self-induced flow osciUation depends on the pressure balance in the flowfield.