强地震作用下高拱坝的破坏分析

结合混凝土静动态试验,根据连续损伤力学中能量等效原理和有效应力概念,建立了能反映混凝土动态情况下多轴弹塑性损伤破坏模型,该模型考虑了多轴损伤变量和应变率的影响。采用本文模型对强地震作用下(峰值地震加速度为0.557 5g)大岗山拱坝动力响应进行了数值模拟,获得地震全过程拱坝拉损伤、压损伤、总体损伤模式和应变率响应。分析表明,大坝破损的主要原因是由于混凝土的拉伸作用,所得到的大坝破坏模式和模型试验结果一致;大坝不同部位有着明显不同的率响应,其将很大程度上影响坝体混凝土的动态性能。借助损伤力学理论评价了大坝强震后的安全性,结果显示大坝在经历强震作用后总体损伤不大,但坝体存在抗震薄弱部位,设计和施工中应注意采取措施处理。

岩石边坡稳定性的随机损伤力学分析

本文通过岩石样品裂纹产状的统计观测信息,用Monte Carlo方法模拟岩石的随机损伤状态,发现岩石的损伤变量满足β概率分布。因此,可根据检测损伤岩石有效弹性模量的统计值来估计随机损伤变量的均值和标准差。岩石的Mohr Coulomb有效抗剪强度参数用岩石损伤状态的函数表达,据此,给出一种用有效应力、孔隙水压力和损伤状态变量表示的岩石损伤破坏准则,并将该准则应用于岩石边坡失稳的概率分析。

混凝土弹塑性多轴损伤模型及其应用

针对混凝土多轴应力状态下各向异性损伤的特点,建立了各向异性弹塑性损伤模型.该模型具有可清晰地表征混凝土的渐进破坏过程和表达当前损伤水平及结构破坏趋势的优点.引入了一个应力状态因子,用以表征当前应力状态在应力空间中距离破坏面的程度,从而对损伤演化方程进行了改进以考虑多轴效应.此外,在三轴破坏准则的基础上,还建立了考虑混凝土各向异性损伤破坏的多轴损伤破坏准则,其中包含了塑性、损伤内变量和有效主应力的影响.本模型可有效地表达出混凝土的各向异性和多轴损伤特点.

岩石类介质的非线性动力损伤有限元模型

运用连续损伤力学的概念把损伤变量引入岩石类介质的非线性本构模型,分别建立了脆性动力损伤模型和弹粘塑性动力损伤模型。模型中将损伤、渗流及孔隙率演化相互耦合的有效应力概念引入Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则,对传统的莫尔-库仑破坏准则进行修改,给出莫尔-库仑损伤破坏准则。分别对上述两种损伤模型编制了相应的有限元程序。应用上述的理论模型对建于岩石基础上的混凝土重力坝在地震荷载作用下各向同性损伤—破坏的问题分别进行了两种不同动力损伤模型的非线性数值分析。

卤水长期浸泡下高延性混凝土力学性能试验及强度衰减模型研究

采用4种不同溶液(0%Cl^(-1)+0%SO_(4)^(2-)、5%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-)、5%Cl^(-1)+10%SO_(4)^(2-)、10%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))对高延性混凝土(HDC)立方体试块进行卤水长期浸泡试验,得出在浸泡时间和卤水浓度不同时HDC基本力学性能的变化规律。试验结果表明,在4种不同卤水环境下,HDC强度和质量变化规律差异较大。其中,强度从开始浸泡到90 d期间,4种不同溶液中,(5%Cl^(-1)+10%SO_(4)^(2-))环境下HDC强度降低率最高达15.3%,表明SO_(4)^(2-)浓度的提高,加快了HDC的侵蚀。在溶液(10%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))中HDC强度损失率在360 d时达到11.90%,最终360 d浸泡结束时不同卤水浓度强度损失率(10%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))>(5%Cl^(-1)+10%SO_(4)^(2-))>(5%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))。30 d时溶液(5%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))中的HDC质量出现增加,浸泡至210 d时溶液(5%Cl^(-1)+10%SO_(4)^(2-))中的质量损失率达到-0.6%,直至试验结束一直处于质量增加状态,溶液(10%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))中的质量损失率在浸泡270 d时最大达到-1.1%,且整个试验阶段质量几乎一直是增加的。从HDC浸泡至360 d时质量损失率的变化情况,可以得出溶液对其质量损失率即影响程度上:(10%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))>(5%Cl^(-1)+10%SO_(4)^(2-))>(0%Cl^(-1)+0%SO_(4)^(2-))>(5%Cl^(-1)+5%SO_(4)^(2-))。最后,通过HDC在不同溶液下与清水组抗压强度对比变化得到不同卤水下HDC抗压强度衰减模型和损伤破坏准则。

Unified strength model based on the Hoek-Brown failure criterion for fibre-reinforced polymer-confined pre-damaged concrete columns with circular and square cross sections

Fibre-reinforced polymer(FRP)has the advantages of high strength,light weight,corrosion resistance and convenient construction and is widely used in repairing and strengthening damaged concrete columns.Most of the existing strength models were built by regression analysis of experimental data;however,in this article,a new unified strength model is proposed using the Hoek-Brown failure criterion.To study the strength of FRP-confined damaged and undamaged concrete columns,900 test data were collected from the published literature and a large database that contains the cross-sectional shape of each specimen,the damage type,the damage level and the FRP-confined stiffness was established.A new strength model using the Hoek-Brown failure criterion was established and is suitable for both circular and square columns that are undamaged,load-damaged and fire-damaged.Based on the database,most of the existing strength models from the published literature and the model proposed in this paper were evaluated.The evaluation shows that the proposed model can predict the compressive strength for FRP-confined pre-damaged and undamaged concrete columns with good accuracy.

A modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion considering the damage to reservoir bank slope rocks under water saturation-dehydration circulation

After water is impounded in a reservoir, rock mass in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir bank slope is subject to water saturation- dehydration circulation （WSDC）. To quantify the rate of change of rock mechanical properties, samples from the Longtan dam area were measured with uniaxial compression tests after different numbers （1, 5, 10, 15, and 20） of simulated WSDC cycles. Based on the curves derived from these tests, a modified Hock- Brown failure criterion was proposed, in which a new parameter was introduced to model the cumulative damage to rocks after WSDC. A case of an engineering application was analyzed, and the results showed that the modified Hock-Brown failure criterion is useful. Under similar WSDC-influenced engineering and geological conditions, rock mass strength parameters required for analysis and evaluation of rock slope stability can be estimated according to this modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion.