Aimed at attaining to an integrated and effective pattern to guide the port design process, this paper puts forward a new conception of feature solution, which is based on the parameterized feature modeling. With this...Aimed at attaining to an integrated and effective pattern to guide the port design process, this paper puts forward a new conception of feature solution, which is based on the parameterized feature modeling. With this solution, the overall port pre-design process can be conducted in a virtual pattern. Moreover, to evaluate the advantages of the new design pattern, an application of port system has been involved in this paper; and in the process of application a computational fluid dynamic analysis is concerned. An ideal effect of cleanness, high efficiency and high precision has been achieved.展开更多
Together with development of the industry, there is present a continuous increase number of motor vehicles that contributes to the growth of the emission of pollutants. This is the main reason that during eighties of ...Together with development of the industry, there is present a continuous increase number of motor vehicles that contributes to the growth of the emission of pollutants. This is the main reason that during eighties of the last century, a special attention has started to be paid on pollution emissions from vehicles. It is important to note that most of the current emissions are formed directly and are present in urban areas. The aim of this research was to determine the emission of pollutants in the territory of the Republic of Kosovo, when circulates more than 380,000 motor vehicles. Taking into consideration the daily traffic jam, and the fact that gasoline engines are responsible for most emissions of CO, while diesel engines for NOx emission, the conclusion arises that there is necessary a special dedication to the emission of pollutants and to the definition of the measures to reduce or control them. Based on the performed tests and realistic assessment of the overall situation in the Republic of Kosovo, the current situation on the amount of pollution was compared with development countries in the region as a matter in the research. The results obtained, suggest to the most important causes that increase pollutant emission from motor vehicles and offer actions to keep the same level or to reduce them.展开更多
The goal of this paper describes kinematic viscosity and shear stress of two used engine oils, which have been taken from two different passenger cars. Kinematic viscosity and shear stress are two of the most importan...The goal of this paper describes kinematic viscosity and shear stress of two used engine oils, which have been taken from two different passenger cars. Kinematic viscosity and shear stress are two of the most important physical behaviours of fluids, especially lubricating fluids. In this paper the authors have focused on engine oil. Knowledge of these properties of engine oil is very important due to its lifetime. The experiments have been done using digital rotary rheometer Anton Paar DV-3 P with use of TR8 spindle and special adapter for a small amount of sample （20 mL）. Two different engine oils have been observed--first from passenger car Renault Scenic with petrol engine （engine capacity 1.6 dm3） and the second from passenger car Skoda Roomster with diesel engine （engine capacity 1.4 dm3）. Castrol Magnatec 10W-40 engine oil has been taken from Renault car and Shell Helix Ultra Extra 5W-30 engine oil has been taken from ~koda car. Service interval of change oil has been set to 15,000 km and samples of used engine oils have been taken after 1,500 km. Only first samples of used engine oils have been taken after raid of 20 km. All samples of used engine oils have been compared with new （unused） engine oils same specification. The measured values of kinematic viscosity and shear stress have been modeled using linear function. The coefficients of correlation R have been achieved high values （0.88-0.96）. The obtained models can be used to prediction of engine oil flow behaviour.展开更多
A new self-powered active gas sensor for realtime monitoring of automotive exhaust gas was devised.The pipe-shaped device was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane/polypyrrole(PDMS/Ppy)triboelectric gas-sensing unit ar...A new self-powered active gas sensor for realtime monitoring of automotive exhaust gas was devised.The pipe-shaped device was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane/polypyrrole(PDMS/Ppy)triboelectric gas-sensing unit arrays.The gas-sensing units can actively convert the mechanical energy of gas flow into a triboelectric current.The output current signal depends on the species and concentrations of the target chemical gases(CO,NH3,NO)in the gas flow,and thus can be used as a sensing signal.The device consists of seven gas-sensing units with different Ppy derivatives.As the different sensing units respond to the gases in different ways,the device can differentiate between gas species.The working mechanism is attributed to the coupling effect between the triboelectric effect of PDMS/Ppy and the gas-sensing properties of Ppy.The device can be installed in the tailpipe of an automobile,and can thus analyze the exhaust gas in real time without the need for any external electrical power.The results of the present study spur a new research direction for the development of automotive exhaust gas monitoring systems,thus playing an important role in the detection of air pollution.展开更多
文摘Aimed at attaining to an integrated and effective pattern to guide the port design process, this paper puts forward a new conception of feature solution, which is based on the parameterized feature modeling. With this solution, the overall port pre-design process can be conducted in a virtual pattern. Moreover, to evaluate the advantages of the new design pattern, an application of port system has been involved in this paper; and in the process of application a computational fluid dynamic analysis is concerned. An ideal effect of cleanness, high efficiency and high precision has been achieved.
文摘Together with development of the industry, there is present a continuous increase number of motor vehicles that contributes to the growth of the emission of pollutants. This is the main reason that during eighties of the last century, a special attention has started to be paid on pollution emissions from vehicles. It is important to note that most of the current emissions are formed directly and are present in urban areas. The aim of this research was to determine the emission of pollutants in the territory of the Republic of Kosovo, when circulates more than 380,000 motor vehicles. Taking into consideration the daily traffic jam, and the fact that gasoline engines are responsible for most emissions of CO, while diesel engines for NOx emission, the conclusion arises that there is necessary a special dedication to the emission of pollutants and to the definition of the measures to reduce or control them. Based on the performed tests and realistic assessment of the overall situation in the Republic of Kosovo, the current situation on the amount of pollution was compared with development countries in the region as a matter in the research. The results obtained, suggest to the most important causes that increase pollutant emission from motor vehicles and offer actions to keep the same level or to reduce them.
文摘The goal of this paper describes kinematic viscosity and shear stress of two used engine oils, which have been taken from two different passenger cars. Kinematic viscosity and shear stress are two of the most important physical behaviours of fluids, especially lubricating fluids. In this paper the authors have focused on engine oil. Knowledge of these properties of engine oil is very important due to its lifetime. The experiments have been done using digital rotary rheometer Anton Paar DV-3 P with use of TR8 spindle and special adapter for a small amount of sample （20 mL）. Two different engine oils have been observed--first from passenger car Renault Scenic with petrol engine （engine capacity 1.6 dm3） and the second from passenger car Skoda Roomster with diesel engine （engine capacity 1.4 dm3）. Castrol Magnatec 10W-40 engine oil has been taken from Renault car and Shell Helix Ultra Extra 5W-30 engine oil has been taken from ~koda car. Service interval of change oil has been set to 15,000 km and samples of used engine oils have been taken after 1,500 km. Only first samples of used engine oils have been taken after raid of 20 km. All samples of used engine oils have been compared with new （unused） engine oils same specification. The measured values of kinematic viscosity and shear stress have been modeled using linear function. The coefficients of correlation R have been achieved high values （0.88-0.96）. The obtained models can be used to prediction of engine oil flow behaviour.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11674048)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N170505001 and N160502002)the Program for Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents (RC170269)
文摘A new self-powered active gas sensor for realtime monitoring of automotive exhaust gas was devised.The pipe-shaped device was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane/polypyrrole(PDMS/Ppy)triboelectric gas-sensing unit arrays.The gas-sensing units can actively convert the mechanical energy of gas flow into a triboelectric current.The output current signal depends on the species and concentrations of the target chemical gases(CO,NH3,NO)in the gas flow,and thus can be used as a sensing signal.The device consists of seven gas-sensing units with different Ppy derivatives.As the different sensing units respond to the gases in different ways,the device can differentiate between gas species.The working mechanism is attributed to the coupling effect between the triboelectric effect of PDMS/Ppy and the gas-sensing properties of Ppy.The device can be installed in the tailpipe of an automobile,and can thus analyze the exhaust gas in real time without the need for any external electrical power.The results of the present study spur a new research direction for the development of automotive exhaust gas monitoring systems,thus playing an important role in the detection of air pollution.
