低成本可编程温度控制器

利用电容与电阻组成充电电路将电阻值转换为时间,用微控制器测得时间算出电阻值,根据热敏电阻阻值与温度的关系得到温度值。

一种应用于厨房小家电的新型探盐技术

研究新型产品结构,改进探温结构且同步探盐技术;通过改进后的探温结构并结合电子电路系统,实现探温的同时能够探测溶液中溶解的食用盐浓度。

Effects of Changes in Meteorological Factors on the Growth and Development of Wheat and Countermeasures

To explore main meteorological factors influencing wheat production in Dengzhou City, changes of meteorological factors and their effects on the growth and development of wheat in Dengzhou City from 2001 to 2015 were analyzed, and countermeasures to increase wheat yield were put forward. The results show that constant decrease of of sunshine duration have limited the increase of wheat yield, and it is necessary to improve photosynthetic efficiency to increase wheat yield.

一种稳定循环功率转换的砂锅煲产品的开发

本文重点研究了通过一种防溢水精准探温的电陶发热盘结构和一种稳定循环转换恒功率电路控制所实现的烹饪器具技术,包括防溢水精准探温设计、恒定功率转换设计、食物烹饪效果等。

应用于厨房小家电的新型陶瓷加热技术

对传统的发热盘结构和加热元件进行改进,将电陶加热技术和探温技术结合,并对陶瓷锅进行加热,可实现快速加热和精准探温。

快速陶瓷煮粥锅的技术研究

本文对传统厨房家电煮粥器具陶瓷电炖锅的加热元件和探温技术进行改进,可实现用陶瓷锅煮粥的快速加热和精准探温,在煮粥时间缩短的同时提高了米粥的口感。

A Solar-Blind AlGaN-Based p-i-n Back-Illuminated Photodetector with a High Temperature AlN Template Layer

The growth, fabrication, and characterization of a solar-blind A1GaN-based p-i-n back-illuminated photodetector with a high temperature A1N template are reported for the first time. The photodetector was fabricated from multilayer AIx Gal-xN films grown by MOCVD on double-polished c-plane （0001） sapphire substrates. Crack free, high A1 content （0.7） A1GaN multilayer structure,designed for the solar-blind p-i-n back-illuminated photodetector,was grown on a high temperature A1N template without a nuclear layer. The high quality of the epitaxial layers is demonstrated by in-situ optical reflectance monitoring curve, triple-axis X-ray diffraction, and atomic-force microscope. At a 1.8V bias, the processed p-i-n photodetector exhibits a solar-blind photoresponse with a maximum responsivity of 0. 0864A/W at 270nm. The photodetector exhibits a forward turn-on voltage at around 3.5V and a reverse breakdown voltage above 20V, and the leakage current is below 20pA for 2V reverse bias.

The application of the high-frequency electromagnetic sounding method in the exploration of underground thermal water

High-frequency electromagnetic sounding is an electromagnetic exploration method using the natural high-frequency electromagnetic field as a field source. It has higher resolution and greater depth penetration than the direct current method and is especially fit for geothermal energy exploration and low- and mid-level groundwater detection. We introduce a successful application of high-frequency electromagnetic sounding for evaluating geothermal water resources. The high frequency electromagnetic system （MT-USA with a frequency range from 10 KHz to 1 Hz） is first applied to sample field data from China. A remote reference station is used to assure sampled data quality. We then perform 2D inversion image processing with the electrical method data. The results basically indicate the spatial distribution of underground geothermal water and provide favorable clues to finding the sources of the subsurface geothermal water in this area.

Viscosity testing method of ultra-low temperature drilling fluids for polar glacier drilling

According to the working environment of the polar glacier core drilling, a separatory funnel capillary viscometer which can be used for testing the viscosity of liquids under ultra-low temperature conditions was de- signed. This viscometer has a simple structure and it is easy to operate, which can meet the testing requirements of different temperature conditions. The viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil KF-96L-2.0cs was measured under different temperatures using this designed viseometer, and it is found that the viscometer coefficient K changes linearly with temperature. This testing method has relatively high test accuracy and its relative error is less than 4%, which can be used to test the viscosity of the different liquids in ultra-low temperature conditions.

Magnetic field properties caused by stress concentration

Measurements of the effects of tensile stress on magnetic field properties, infrared thermography and (acoustic) emission of a cuboid sample with an elliptical hole in its center were presented. The tensile stress was applied perpendicularly to the sample by electro-tension machine according to a step-loading curve. The changes of the sample temperature was recorded by an infrared thermography system and the noise of domain reversal was inspected by two acoustic probes, which were placed on each end of the sample near the collets of the electro-tension machine, when the sample was in loading process. The magnetic fields on the surface of the sample were inspected with 8 mm lift-off when the loads were held. Valuable information about the changes of domains was obtained from analysis of acoustic emission signals in loading process. Infrared images of the sample provided complementary information about the state of the sample. The results show that stress concentration in ferromagnetic material affects the direction and structure of domain and generates net magnetic moment on its surface. The distribution and magnitude of the net magnetic moment are correlative with those of stress.

Symmetric Temperature Compensation for Photoelectric Coupling Current Transducer

The temperature characteristic of sensor probe at high voltage side is analyzed by using a photoelectric coupling current transducer. The principle of symmetric temperature compensation and the main idea of software design are proposed. The method increases measuring precision and has fairly great practicability.

New Fluoroptic Therm ometer with Optical Fiber

A new optical fiber fluoroptic thermometer based on the temperature—fluoroptic characteristic of fluoroptic materials is presented.The ratio technique of intensities of fluorescent emission lines of certain rare earth phosphors is used,making the measurement of temperatures of the system to 0.5 ℃ precision. The characteristics of thermometer are discussed and the experiment results of temperature are given.

Research on the Distance of the Active Sonar under the Effects of the Thermocline

The existence of thermocline changes the acoustic structure and effects the direction of the stared rays. This paper analyzes the working processs of the active sorer, and the mathematical models. The detection probaility of the active sonar under thenmoline is studied. First, the detection distance without thermocline is estimat- ed, then the effect of thermocline＇s depth and sound velocity changes on detecting submarine probability are discussed, and based on this, the effects of the sea condition on searching submarine probability is discussed, lastly the distance of active sonar is calculatod under thermocline. The results indicate that tufter thennocline, the distance of the active sonar becomes obvious short, and with the sea condition becoming rough, the effect is more dear.

New Measuring Temperature Setup with Optical Probe

Abstract: A new setup of measuring temperature is developed, which the probe is a micro- power consumptive one with CMOS circuit and is driven by optical power. For transmitting the measured signal and optical power signal in a long distance, the fiber technology is applied in this setup.

Comparisons of the temperature and humidity profiles of reanalysis products with shipboard GPS sounding measurements obtained during the 2018 Eastern Indian Ocean Open Cruise

It is important to be able to characterize the thermal conditions over the equatorial Indian Ocean for both weather forecasting and climate prediction. This study compared the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean (EEIO) temperature and relative humidity profiles from three reanalysis products (JRA-55, MERRA2, and FGOALS-f2) with shipboard global positioning system (GPS) sounding measurements obtained during the Eastern Indian Ocean Open Cruise in spring 2018. The FGOALS-f2 reanalysis product is based on the initialization module of a sub-seasonal to seasonal prediction system with a nudging-based data assimilation method. The results indicated that:(1) both JRA-55 and MERRA2 were reliable in characterizing the temperature profile from 850 to 600 hPa, with a maximum deviation of about <0.5℃. Both datasets showed a large negative deviation below 825 hPa, with a maximum bias of about 2℃ at 1000 hPa and 1.5℃ at 900 hPa, respectively.(2) JRA-55 showed good performance in characterizing the relative humidity profile above 850 hPa, with a maximum deviation of < 8%, while it showed much wetter conditions below 850 hPa. MERRA2 overestimated the relative humidity in the middle to lower troposphere, with a maximum deviation of about 15% at 925 hPa.(3) The FGOALS-f2 reanalysis product more accurately reproduced the temperature profile in the marine atmospheric boundary layer over the EEIO than that in JRA-55 and MERRA2, but showed much wetter conditions than the GPS sounding observations, with a maximum deviation of up to 20% at 600 hPa. Future applications of GPS sounding datasets are discussed.

Influence of Adjusting Control Accuracy on Pressure Probe Measurements in Turbo Machines

This paper presents a new design of a probe adjusting device intended to position pressure and temperature probes in a flow field. 5-hole, 3-hole and temperature probes can be moved in radial direction and freely rotated about their axis. The high actuation accuracy of 3.9 ktm in radial direction and 0.09~ in angular position is validated in a 2-stage-turbine test rig which is installed at the Institute of Power Plant Technology, Steam and Gas Turbines, RWTH Aachen University. To meet the challenge to calculate the efficiency of a turbo machine which is mainly influenced by the temperature, all probe adjusting devices are positioned simultaneously and controlled by the MAS （measuring acquisition system） so that the same radial position in each stage is measured at the same time. For this purpose a new program has been developed to synchronize actuation and measurement. The slim design of 60 mm width allows measurement between the stages of turbo machines with small axial distances between vane and blade. In addition a CFD/FEA shows how the design and combination of materials compensate the thermal expansion of the engine during operation. This allows a minimal safety distance of 0.2 mm between rotor and probe to enable measurement as close to the physical boundary as possible. The actuation accuracy is demonstrated with pressure, temperature and angle distribution plots. It is also shown that the resolution of the measuring points, and therefore the actuation distances, has a large impact on the flow field analysis and should be set as high as possible. However the measuring time has to be taken into account.

Development of Electron Temperature Measuring System by Silicon Drift Detector

The soft X-ray spectroscopy, laser Thomson scattering and electron cyclotron emission （ ECE ） are usually adopted for electron temperature measurement in fusion research of magnetic confinement. The particular soft X-ray spectroscopy has the very good spatial-temporal resolution and smaller measuring error than laser Thomson scattering, a close spatial-temporal resolution to ECE, absolute measurement ability, and smaller influence by suprathermal and runaway electrons than ECE.

Correlation between Atmospheric Water Vapor and Diurnal Temperature Range over China

Diurnal temperature range （DTR） is an im- portant measure in studies of climate change and variability. The changes of DTR in different regions are affected by many different factors. In this study, the degree of correlation between the DTR and atmospheric precipitable water （PW） over China is explored using newly homogenized surface weather and sounding observations. The results show that PW changes broadly reflect the geographic patterns of DTR long-term trends over most of China during the period 1970-2012, with significant anticorrelations of trend patterns between the DTR and PW, especially over those regions with higher magnitude DTR trends. PW can largely explain about 40% or more （re 0.40） of the DTR changes, with a d（PW）/d（DTR） slope of -2% to -10% K^-1 over most of northwestern and southeastern China, despite certain seasonal dependencies. For China as whole, the significant anticorrelations between the DTR and PW anomalies range from -0.42 to -0.75, with a d（PW）/d（DTR） slope of-6% to -11% K^-1. This implies that long-term DTR changes are likely to be associated with opposite PW changes, approximately following the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Furthermore, the relationship is more significant in the warm season than in the cold season. Thus, it is possible that PW can be considered as one potential factor when exploring long-term DTR changes over China. It should be noted that the present study has a largely statistical focus and that the underlying physical processes should therefore be examined in future work.

Phase equilibria in Ni-Ti-Ta ternary system

Phase diagrams of two isothermal sections of the Ni-Ti-Ta ternary system at 1000 and 1200℃in a full composition range were determined by X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis.The experimental results indicated a ternary compoundτphase with low solid solubility and composition ranges of(16.3-22.4)at.%Ta,(15.9-24.1)at.%Ti and(58.5-60.0)at.%Ni at 1000℃.The two terminal solid solutions(bcc-(Ta)andβ-Ti)formed a continuous solid solution at 1000 and 1200℃.A certain amount of Ti can dissolve into Ni-Ta intermetallic compounds near the Ni-Ta side,with the highest value of 21.9 at.%observed in the Ni;Ta compound at 1000℃.